Xiaoqing Zhu

• Chinese Academy of Sciences

Binary compound Ge–Te, which displays intriguing functionalities, has been intensively studied from both fundamental and technological perspectives. In Ge–Te compound, a deviation from the Ge–Te stoichiometry will lead it thermodynamically unstable as well as to the change in the phase change characters. In this study, a series of non-stoichiometri...

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a master sensor of the cellular energy status that is crucial for the adaptive response to limited energy availability. AMPK is implicated in the regulation of many cellular processes, including autophagy. However, the precise mechanisms by which AMPK controls these processes and the identities of relevant...

This paper investigates how video quality information can be exploited by HTTP-based adaptive streaming (HAS) clients in their rate adaptation schemes. We also seek to answer the question: how much network coordination is required to achieve quality fairness across multiple competing clients' To that end, we envision a loosely coupled architecture...

The Precambrian banded iron formations (BIFs) not only relate to the evolution of life, ocean, and atmosphere but also provide important reserves of iron around the world. The Gongchangling iron ore deposit located in the Anshan-Benxi area of Liaoning Province, China, is oxide facies Algoma-type BIFs, and the Gongchangling No.2 mining area is famou...

Abnormal osteoclast activation contributes to osteolytic bone diseases (OBDs). It was reported that curdlan, an agonist of dectin-1, inhibits osteoclastogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. In this study, we found that curdlan potently inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and the resultant bone resorpt...

Several studies have linked impaired glucose uptake and insulin resistance (IR) to functional impairment of the heart. Recently, endocannabinoids have been implicated in cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms involving endocannabinoid signaling, glucose uptake and IR in cardiomyocytes are understudied. Here, we report the endocannabinoid 2...

Throughout the geological history of the Earth, submarine hydrothermal activity has played an important role in seawater chemistry, biological evolution and enrichment of metals in the Earth crust. However, the prospect of hydrothermal activity for extreme element accumulation during the early Cambrian, a key geological period, in South China has n...

Karstic bauxite deposits are widespread in Central Guizhou Province, SW China, and high-grade ores are frequently sandwiched with overlying coal and underlying iron-rich layers and form a special “coal–bauxite–iron” structure. The Lindai deposit, which is one of the most representative karstic bauxite deposits in Central Guizhou Province, was selec...

AMPK studies in cell-free and cellular systems have significantly contributed to recent progress in the AMPK field. Biochemical characterization, structure determination and elucidation of AMPK-dependent signalling events benefit from application of state-of-the-art tools and methodology. This chapter provides a synopsis of recombinant protein expr...

In this work, the authors present a novel bandwidth management solution for optimizing overall quality of experience (QoE) of multiple video streaming sessions. Instead of allocating bandwidth equally among competing flows, they propose to tailor the bandwidth allocation to both content complexity of requested video and playout buffer status of ind...

Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) is essential to maintain body water homeostasis. AQP2 traffics from intracellular vesicles to the apical membrane of kidney collecting duct principal cells in response to vasopressin (AVP), a hormone released with low intravascular volume, which causes decreased kidney perfusion. Decreased kidney perfusion activates AMP-activated...

Dectin-1 signalling in dendritic cells (DCs) has an important role in triggering protective antifungal Th17 responses. However, whether dectin-1 directs DCs to prime antitumour Th9 cells remains unclear. Here, we show that DCs activated by dectin-1 agonists potently promote naive CD4(+) T cells to differentiate into Th9 cells. Abrogation of dectin-...

Supplementary Figures 1-15 and Supplementary Tables 1 and 2

Grain-oriented lead-free piezoceramics 0.83(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.17(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 was synthesized with different grain orientation along the <00l> crystallographic orientation using plate-like NaNbO3 templates. The effects of degree of texturing on the microstructure, phase transition temperature and resulting changes in piezoelectric and strain resp...

This chapter compiles the geology and geochronology of numerous ores, including graphite, phosphorite, the Lake Superior type BIFs, marble, boron, magnesite, and lead-zinc deposits, hosted in 2.5–1.8 Ga stata from the North China Craton (NCC) and elsewhere, and thereby provides insights into understanding the mineralization of the early Paleoproter...

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a molecular energy sensor that acts to sustain cellular energy balance. Although AMPK is implicated in the regulation of a multitude of ATP-dependent cellular processes, exactly how these processes are controlled by AMPK and the identity of AMPK targets and pathways continues to evolve. We here identify MAP ki...

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of high-dose versus standard-dose daunorubicin for young patients with de novo acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) using meta-analysis. Methods: Two trials were taken from 2,481 full-text articles. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I(2) index. Quality assessment was performed with the Cochrane Collaborati...

Er doped SrBi8Ti7O27 (SBT) ferroelectric ceramics were prepared by a solid-state reaction technique. By Er doping, the intensive green upconversion emissions were recorded under 980 nm diode laser excitation with 20 mW. The fluorescence spectrum was investigated in the temperature range of 150–580 K. By the fluorescence intensity ratio technique, t...

Total organic carbon content (TOC), trace element and platinum-group element (PGE) concentrations were determined in the black shales of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in the Nayong area, Guizhou Province, South China, in order to study the polymetallic Ni–Mo–PGE mineralization. The results demonstrate that numerous elements are enriched in...

The Er doped Bi7Ti4TaO21 ceramics were prepared using conventional solid-state reaction techniques. Under 980 nm excitation, the intensive green emission was investigated and the up-conversion emission was a two-photo energy transfer process. By using fluorescence intensity ratio technique, the collected data was well fitted to the function of temp...

The karstic bauxite deposits in the Xiuwen ore belt of Central Guizhou Province are hosted by the Lower Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation and show parallel unconformity with the overlying and underlying strata. The ore-bearing rock series that exhibits a typical “coal–bauxite–iron” structure is divided into three segments from the bottom upward, nam...

The study on the tailings’ comprehensive utilization is mainly concentrated in minerals in the past, which means we need to use all kinds of research methods and results that we use in the mineralogy nowadays. Maybe we can break away from the research bondage of the modern mineral technology, tracing back to the genesis of the mineral deposits from...

The Gongchangling BIFs are located in the Anshan–Benxi area, northeastern part of the North China Craton, of which the No. 2 mining area is the largest and most typical high-grade iron ore producing area in China. In this study, the mineralogy, petrology and chemistry of iron ores (BIFs and high-grade iron ores) and their wall-rocks (amphibolite an...

A series of experimental simulations of the genetic mechanism of banded iron formations has been conducted using a suite of self-designed glassware to model the hypergene circulation of surface water. The simulation process involved two parts: in the first part, the weathering and leaching of basalt by strongly acidic meteoric water during early Pr...

The Ni-Mo-PGE polymetallic mineralization of the Lower Cambrian black shales locate in Zunyi, South China and contain abundant noble metals such as Ag, Au and PGE, and especially Ag with average concentration of 64×10−6. The occurrence modes of Ag have been investigated using methods of selective chemical dissolution and transmission electron micro...

The petrography, as well as major and trace element (including rare earth element) compositions of plagioclase amphibolites and schists from the Anshan Group in the Qidashan and Gongchangling iron deposits, the western Liaoning Province, have been investigated to determine protolith nature, provenance and tectonic setting. The geochemical analysis...

The bauxites in central Guizhou are hosted by the Lower Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation. Geochemistrial characteristics of the Lindai bauxite deposit indicate that the underlying Shilengshui Formation dolomite is the precursor rock of mineral resources. Weathering simulation experiments show that Si is most likely to migrate with groundwater, the...

In this study, an electron microprobe analyzer (EMPA) was used to map the spatial distribution and the occurrence of invisible gold in pyrite from the Liulincha gold ore belt. EPMA data show that gold mainly occurs as submicroscopic-microscopic inclusions. From the contrast of the major guide elements of pyrite from the Liulincha gold ore belt and...

The polymetallic (Pb, Zn, Cu, etc) ore belt on the southwestern margin of Tarim is one of the major regions with the greatest prospecting potential in Xinjiang. Reported in this paper are the lead isotope data for 66 sulfide samples (including 50 galena samples, 15 chalcopyrite samples and 1 pyrite sample) collected from such representative deposit...

The Ni–Mo–PGE polymetallic layers, from Southern China (Huangjiawan mine, Zunyi region, northern part of the Guizhou Province), were analyzed by micro-PIXE. These samples are known to be enriched with acidic elements and basic elements. Some of them, like Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Se and Mo, are of large economic value. The distributions of Fe, Mo, Ni, As, S...

The polymetallic (Pb, Zn, Cu, etc) ore belt on the southwestern margin of Tarim is one of the major regions with the greatest prospecting potential in Xinjiang. Reported in this paper are the lead isotope data for 66 sulfide samples (including 50 galena samples, 15 chalcopyrite samples and 1 pyrite sample) collected from such representative deposit...

Adsorption experiments were made at room temperature and neutral pH value on different types of minerals associated with the Lower Cambrian black shale series polymetallic layers in Hunan and Guizhou provinces on nanometer-sized Pt colloids and PtCl4 2−-bearing ionic solutions with an attempt to constrain the relationship between the different type...

Ore minerals in the sedimentary-type Cu deposits in the Xuanwei Formation overlying the Emeishan basalt are dominated by copper sulfides and native copper. As the ores mostly exhibit concretionary structure, previous researchers named them the “Madouzi-type Copper Deposit”. Here the authors carried out mineralogical and isotopic studies on copper n...

The Bainiuchang deposit in Yunnan Province, China, is located geographically between the Gejiu ore field and the Dulong ore field. In addition to the >7000 t Ag reserves, the deposit also boasts of large-scale Pb, Zn and Sn reserves with a lot of dispersed elements (In, Cd, Ge, Ga, etc.). We have determined systematically the Pb isotope composition...

The Emeishan basalt has a high Cu background value (170×10−6 on average), and thus provides a ore-forming material source for copper ores. The collected samples were exposed in basalt lavas of the third segment of the Emeishan basalt eruptive cycle. By using a set of automatically cycling glass apparatuses, weathering-leaching experiments by three...

The Emeishan continental flood basalt, which is widespread in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces of Southwest China, is the volcanic product of a Permian mantle plume, and native copper-chalcocite mineralization associated with the basalt is very common in the border area of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. The mineralization occurred in the tuff i...

The Meng'entaolegai In-rich Ag-Pb-Zn deposit is located in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia. It is one of the In-richest deposits in China. Large amounts of quartz and sulfide minerals constitute a hydrothermal quartz-sulfide vein deposit within a Hercynian acidic granite massif, which occupies an area of about 400 km2. Thirty-six orebodies, cont...

The contents of selenium in soil samples from Guizhou Province, which cover an area of 17.6×104 km2, have been determined. The arithmetic mean value of 947 samples is 0.39 mg/kg, the medium value is 0.30 mg/kg and the contents of selenium vary from 0.06 to 1.29 mg/kg in soils developed on the basement rocks, which are controlled by the basement roc...

In order to study the characteristics of sea-floor exhalative sedimentary and magmatic hydrothermal superimposition on the Bainiuchang polymetallic deposit, the REE compositions of the granites, host-rocks and ores have been systematically analyzed by ICP-MS. As viewed from their REE compositions, the granites show obvious negative Eu anomalies and...

All the indium-rich deposits with indium contents in ores more than 100times10−6 seems to be of cassiterite-sulfide deposits or Sn-bearing Pb-Zn deposits, e.g., in the Dachang Sn deposit in Guangxi, the Dulong Sn-Zn deposit in Yunnan, and the Meng'entaolegal Ag-Pb-Zn deposit in Inner Mongolia, the indium contents in ores range from 98times10−6 to 2...

REE geochemistry data from the Fanshan alunite deposit indicated that its ore-forming materials came chiefly from the country rocks, with δCe>0 for alunite ores. According to the differences in δEu, the alunite ores were divided into three types: weak negative Eu anomaly, weak positive Eu anomaly and remarkable positive Eu anomaly. The phenomena of...

Abstract  The Huogeqi orefield located on the northern side of Mt. Langshan, Inner Mongolia occurs in the Middle Proterozoic Langshan Group metamorphic rocks, and the orebodies are stratiform. In the past twenty years, many Chinese geologists have conducted researches on the Huogeqi Cu-Pb-Zn deposit, but there has been still a controversy on its or...

The Tongchanghe native copper-chalcocite deposit at Ninglang occurs in low-Ti basalts of western Yunnan, and the mode of fault-filling & metasomatism metallogenesis indicates that this deposit is of late-stage hydrothermal origin. This makes it more complicated to define the source of ore-forming materials. This paper introduces the Pb isotope data...

Important advances have been made in the field of geochemistry since nanometer science and technology were introduced into the field of geoscience. The nanometer particulates have been discovered in naturally-occurring ore deposits, volcano-eruptive materials and geo-gases, and a more detailed exploration of the metallogenic mechanism of endogenic...

The Meng'entaolegai Ag-Pb-Zn-In polymetallic deposit is located in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia. It consists of a hydrothermal quartz-sulfide vein deposit hosted within a Hercynian granite massif which is about 400 km2 in size. More than 40 orebodies are found in the orefield which is 6 km in length from east to west and 200 to 1,000 m in wid...

Experimental studies were undertaken on leaching of sedimentary rocks (dolomite and sandstone) and Hg, Sb ores by distilled water under the condition of a completely open system (room temperature and room pressure). The aim is to find whether the halogen elements or metal elements first enter the solution at the early stage of meteoric waters conve...

The mode of occurrence of gold in the Yata micro-disseminated gold deposit is approached through chemical phase studies coupled with ore-dressing monitoring and micro-beam analysis. The results showed that gold occurred for the most part as ultra-microscopic particles adsorbed on the surfaces or fracture planes of pyrite and other sulphides. The pr...

The newly discovered three alkali-rich intrusive rock belts in the Mt. Kunlun Mt. Altun region of southern Xinjiang are the Lapeiquan-Yitunbulak alkali-rich intrusive rock belt, the Gez-Taxkorgan alkali-rich intrusive rock belt and the Beilisai-Abulash alkali-rich intrusive rock belt. The former two belts were formed during the Yanshanian period, a...

Based on the statistical and analytical data on more than 170 isotopic ages published since the 1980s of magmatic rocks, metamorphic rocks, tectonites and ores from the Western Kunlun Orogen, and the characteristics of sedimentation, magmatism, metamorphism and tectonic activities in the region studied in conjunction with geological field investiga...

A solution containing nanometer-sized pure gold particles was prepared with the hydrolysisreduction method. As observed under the electron microscope, the gold particles were as large as 2–20 nm in size. Different kinds of mineral and rock were put into the solution and the experimental result showed that the nanometer-sized gold particles are obvi...

Keywordshydrothermal activity-chemical elements-the Okinawa Trough

Potential applications of Nano-scale science and technology are discussed in mineralogy, ore deposits, cosmochemistry and environmental sciences. Adsorption of nanometersized gold was experimentally studied on a variety of minerals and rocks.

A series of simulation experiments on the formation of banded iron-silica formations was carried out, using specially-designed glassware to model the hypergene circulation of surface water. The simulation process involved two stages. In the first stage, weathering-leaching of basalts by strongly acidic meteoric water, formed in the volcanic period...