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Chang’an University
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Publications (96)
In this paper, we present textures, trace element compositions, and sulfur isotope data for pyrite from the Honghai volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit to place new constraints on the source and evolution of the ore-forming fluids and provide insights into the ore genesis with implications for future exploration. The Honghai deposit consists of up...
Vein-type molybdenum (Mo) mineralization is concentrated in the Huaxiong block. It includes quartz veins, fluorite veins and carbonatite dykes, as represented by the Zhaiwa, Tumen and Huanglongpu deposits, which are introduced in this chapter. They yield pre-Yanshanian ages’ events and provide insights into pre-Yanshanian multistage Mo mineralizati...
Orogenic gold deposits are the most important gold resource in the world. It is controversial whether their ore-forming fluids were sourced from metamorphic dehydration of the crust or the mantle. The Tokuzbay gold deposit is a typical orogenic-type gold deposit in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, providing a case for discussing the source of ore-f...
Unlike the gold deposits typically hosted in metamorphosed volcanic-sedimentary sequences, the recently discovered Axile gold deposit (over 13 t Au at 5.35 g/t) is a unique example in the Chinese Altai for evaluating the genesis of intrusion-hosted lode gold deposits in metamorphic terranes. The orebodies in this deposit occur as quartz veins and a...
The West Junggar in Xinjiang, western China, represents a significant gold mineralization belt hosting over 200 gold deposits, with the Hatu gold deposit being the largest among them. In this study, ore geology and fluid inclusion assemblages of quartz samples from the Hatu gold deposit were investigated in an effort to clarify the mineralization p...
The Hatu gold deposit is the largest historical gold producer of the West Junggar, western China, with an Au reserve of about 62 t. The orebodies were controlled by NE-, EW-, and NW-trending subsidiary faults associated with the Anqi fault. This deposit exhibits characteristics typical of a fault-controlled lode system, and the orebodies consist of...
The widely distributed Devonian granitoids comprise a significant part of the crust in the Chinese Altai, although their petrogenetic implications remain debated. The Habahe Intrusion, comprising biotite granite batholith, gabbroic diorite dikes, and biotite granite hosted-enclaves, is a key magmatic unit to understand the extensively developed mag...
The Xiaorequanzi deposit is a volcanic massive sulfide(VMS)deposit that occurred in Carboniferous volcano-sedimentary sequence, which is located in the western section of Dananhu-Tousuquan arc belt, East Tianshan. Critical metals such as Se are associated with Xiaorequanzi VMS deposit. However,Se occurrence status and enrichment mechanism are ambig...
The Yu'erya gold deposit is a large-scale gold deposit in eastern Hebei. However, the ore genesis is controversial because the gold orebody is closely related to biotite granite in time and space. The hydrothermal processes of the Yu'erya gold deposit can be divided into early quartz (Q1)-pyrite stage, middle quartz (Q2)-sulphide stage and late qua...
Carbon-rich or carbonic fluids are identified in some orogenic-type gold deposits worldwide. Their nature, origin, evolution, and relations with gold mineralization are still poorly understood. The Tokuzbay large-size orogenic-type gold deposit in Chinese Altai is characterized by enormous CO2-rich fluid inclusions (FIs), providing an ideal case to...
The process and mechanism of gold mineralization are frontier issues. The Dunbasitao deposit is the most important gold deposit discovered along the Armantai suture zone, East Junggar, NW China, which indicates the potential for future ore exploration in this area. Orebodies are mainly hosted in Lower Carboniferous Jiangbasitao Formation volcano-se...
The East Tianshan copper metallogenic belt is an important part of the Central Asian metallogenic belt, which mainly includes large-scale Tuwu and Yandong, medium-scale Sanchakou and Yuhai, and small-scale Chihu, Fuxing, Linglong, Yudai and Sidingheishan porphyry copper deposits. The porphyry copper belt is distributed along the Dananhu-Tousuquan i...
The eastern Tianshan is an important molybdenum metallogenic belt in the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The newly discovered Hongling Mo deposit is located in the north–east margin of the Kanggur–Huangshan shear zone in eastern Tianshan, NW China. However, the genesis of the granitic rocks associated with the Mo-minerali...
The Liushuping deposit, located on the northeast margin of the Bikou Block, is the middle-sized gold-zinc deposit (with ore reserves of 15.67 × 104 t Zn and 2.2 t Au) in the Mianxian–Lueyang–Yangpingguan area. The orebodies occur in the meta-dolomite of the Duantouya and Jiudaoguai formations controlled by the Jiudaoguai syncline. The ore-forming p...
In Qinling Orogen, the Mo deposits occur in an orogenic area with thickened crust, especially in overriding slabs of A-type subduction. The most intensive Mo mineralization occurred in Yanshanian, associated with granitoids. Early Precambrian rocks and their derivative sediments have high Mo concentrations and host giant and large Mo deposits. Phys...
This book is the first systematic treatise of available data and view-points obtained from geological and geochemical studies of the Mo deposits in Qinling Orogen, China. Qinling Orogen has a minimum reserve of 8.7 Mt Mo, ranking the largest molybdenum province both in China and the world. Incorporating all known Mo deposit types in the world, it p...
So far, the metamorphic hydrothermal or orogenic-type Mo deposits have been reported only in Qinling Orogen. Except for the 430-Ma Yindonggou Mo project in North Qinling Accretion Belt and the ~1850-Ma Longmendian Mo deposit in the Xiong’er Terrain, other orogenic-type Mo deposits occur in the northern margin of the Huaxiong Block and yield Triassi...
The West Qingling Orogen is endowed with more than 1100t gold resources and with 50 gold deposits, ranking it the third-largest gold province in China. The Jianchaling giant gold deposit with 52 t gold reserve is a typical orogenic gold deposit in West Qinling Orogen. The deposit lacks accurate and direct metallogenic age. Five pyrite samples colle...
Although China is well-endowed with tungsten deposits, while the tungsten resources in the Central Asian Orogen Belt (CAOB) are rarely reported. Recently, many W-skarn deposits have been discovered in the East Tianshan, but the source and evolution of the mineralising fluids are poorly understood. The Xiaobaishitou W(–Mo) deposits are hosted by car...
The eastern Tianshan Terrane is a highly prospective zone that contains several porphyry Cu–Mo, VMS Cu–Zn, magmatic Cu–Ni, epithermal and orogenic Au deposits. However, few attention has been paid to tungsten deposits. Of these, the source and evolution of the mineralising fluids related to the skarn W deposits are poorly understood. The Heiyanshan...
The Sidingheishan porphyry Cu–Mo deposit is located in the northeastern margin of the Kanggur–Huangshan Shear Zone of the Eastern Tianshan Terrane (ETT) in the Xinjiang Province of northwestern China. Laser Ablation–Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) zircon U–Pb dating of rocks in the area yielded an emplacement age of 427 ± 3...
The Central Asian Orogenic Belt experienced a complex subduction accretion–collision history, forming the Irtysh gold belt. The Doranasai deposit is a typical gold deposit in the Irtysh gold belt, but its genesis is still unclear. The Doranasai gold deposit occurs in the east wing of the Aksay syncline. The orebodies are controlled by the NS-trendi...
Orogenic gold deposits are one of the most important gold deposits in the world. However, it is controversial that orogenic gold deposits are only generated at subduction-accretion or both in collisional setting. The Altai Orogen experienced a complex subduction accretion−collision history, including magmatism and metamorphism, and forming giant go...
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中央造山带东西向横亘于中国大陆腹部，富蕴多种矿产资源，被誉为中国的金腰带。 秦岭造山带位于中央造山带核心位置， 夹持于北缘三门峡－宝丰断裂和南缘龙门山－大巴山断裂之间， 由华北与华南古大陆板块的碰撞造山作用最终形成。 从北向南， 秦岭造山带分为华熊地块、北秦岭增生带、南秦岭褶皱带和松潘褶冲带等４ 个构造单元，划分边界分别是栾川断裂、商丹断裂和勉略断裂。 历经30多亿年的地质演化， 秦岭造山带经历了与Kenor (基诺)、Nuna/Columbia (努纳/ 哥伦比亚)、Rodinia (罗迪尼亚)、Gondwana (冈瓦纳) 和Pangaea (盘古或潘吉亚) 超大陆聚合、裂解相关的重大构造事件和环境变化事件。秦岭造山带构造位置特殊，地质演化历史悠久、过程复杂，形成了多种优势矿产资源，尤其...
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本书采用成矿地质背景→钼矿床类型划分→各类典型矿床解剖→成矿规律总结→成矿省对比的结构体系， 对秦岭造山带钼矿床已有研究成果进行了多层次、多尺度、多方面的立体式总结， 论证秦岭作为典型大陆碰撞造山带蕴含着世界最大钼矿带， 钼成矿作用具有长期性和多期性， 钼矿床类型丰富， 超大型矿床聚集等特色。 以现代造山－成矿理论为指导， 以流体包裹体的化石功能为切入点ꎬ 以揭示成矿物质“源—运—储” 为研究主线， 采用从宏观到微观逐层深入的方式研究和描述各类型代表性矿床的地质地球化学特征。 通过区域地质演化和矿床地质特征对比， 揭示矿床成因， 建立成矿模式， 指出找矿标志和方向。本书将矿床作为地球动力学研究的探针，强调大陆碰撞造山作用对大规模钼成矿事件的关键制约。本书可供从事矿床学教学、科研和生产的各类地...
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当中酸性岩浆侵入含有大量碳酸盐的沉积岩系时，火成岩与水成岩之间的水火交融就会形成斑岩-夕卡岩型或夕卡岩型矿床。秦岭造山带广泛发育前侏罗纪含碳酸盐的沉积岩系，中生代花岗质岩浆活动强烈，有利于夕卡岩型金属矿床形成，使秦岭造山带斑岩-夕卡岩型钼矿床的重要性不亚于斑岩型，包括东秦岭地区的超大型南泥湖-三道庄钼钨矿床、鱼库钼钨矿床、上房沟钼铁矿床，夜长坪大型钼钨矿床，以及木龙沟、马圈、银家沟、秋树湾等中小型钼多金属矿床，它们均形成于燕山期（158~130Ma）；在西秦岭地区，新发现了月河坪、大西沟等小型钼多金属矿床或矿点，它们与印支期花岗岩浆活动关系密切。
秦岭地区的斑岩-夕卡岩型矿床与斑岩型矿床一样属于岩浆热液矿床，而且成矿时间、地区一致，应缘于相同的构造事件。秦岭燕山期斑岩-夕卡岩型钼成矿系统同样...
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秦岭造山带堪称钼矿床类型的展览馆，除了第3章论述的斑岩型和第4章论述的斑岩-夕卡岩型之外，还有寨凹石英脉型钼铜矿床，黄龙铺和黄水庵碳酸岩脉型钼矿床，土门萤石脉型钼矿床。其中，碳酸岩脉型和萤石脉型钼矿床尚未在其他地区报道，为秦岭造山带所独有。无疑，研究这些矿床的地质地球化学特征、成因模式、构造背景，可以丰富钼矿床类型和钼成矿理论，为钼矿床勘查提供新的目标类型。
黄龙铺和黄水庵碳酸岩脉型钼矿床都形成于晚三叠世，土门萤石脉型钼矿床形成于新元古代初期（约0.85Ga），而寨凹石英脉型钼铜矿床则形成于古元古代末期（1.76Ga），并没有形成于秦岭造山带燕山期钼成矿大爆发事件，让人匪夷所思。然而，它们可能是探究东秦岭钼金属超常聚集，破解燕山期成矿大爆发的窗口。
已有研究资料表明，这些脉状矿床都属于岩浆热...
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基于前面第3至6章对于不同类型钼矿床典型矿床的解析，本章将总结归纳秦岭造山带钼成矿的规律性及其制约因素，以期更好地服务于钼成矿理论发展和找矿勘查、教学培训。本章首先分析矿床形成的时间和空间，这是探讨成矿规律、提升找矿效率的基础；其次，将分析成矿作用与构造、地层、岩浆岩等三大地质要素的关系，从而认识它们对不同类型矿床的制约作用；再次，讨论水岩相互作用的类型、分带性、阶段性及其与流体性质和演化的关系，因为成矿流体的源、运、聚是热液矿床形成的根本，而围岩蚀变是热液矿床找矿的最直接标志；最后，探讨了辉钼矿Re含量与成矿类型和成矿物质来源的关系。本章将重点论证: (1) 钼矿床集中在地壳厚度较大的造山带内部，与A型俯冲或逆冲构造密切相关; (2) 成矿爆发于燕山期；(3) 早前寒武纪岩石钼含量高，有利...
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所谓造山型矿床，实际就是变质热液矿床，系由造山型金矿的概念拓展而来。
一般认为，变质热液富CO2、盐度低，溶解搬运金属的能力差，虽能形成金等贵金属矿床，不能形成贱金属矿床；相反，岩浆热液盐度高，溶解搬运金属的能力强，可形成多种金属的矿床。这就是统治热液矿床领域半个多世纪、至今盛行的传统理论，其核心支撑是：（1）1960年代以来的大量实验证明，热液中CO2含量与盐度负相关；（2）环太平洋成矿带热液贱金属矿床普遍缺乏CO2包裹体，更乏高盐度富CO2包裹体；（3）世界各地不同时代的造山型金矿床均由低盐度富CO2变质热液形成。因此，世界范围长期缺乏造山型贱金属矿床的报道和研究，造山型钼矿床也就更难得到关注了。
大自然总有超出我们想象的神奇现象，魔魅般地吸引我们去探索。小秦岭大湖金矿是共识的造山型金矿...
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世界范围内钼资源分布不均， 集中分布于我国的秦岭、大别和北美的科迪勒拉地区， 尤其以秦岭地区钼金属储量最为丰富。 是什么造就了这一巨无霸? 本章将分析对比秦岭与大别钼矿带、国内其他钼成矿带以及北美科迪勒拉成矿带的共性与差异，旨在探讨导致秦岭地区钼金属巨量堆积的成因和机制。本章将重点论证: ①秦岭不仅蕴含常见的斑岩型和斑岩－夕卡岩型钼矿，而且产出独特的碳酸岩脉型、萤石脉型和造山型钼矿； ②秦岭经历了长时间、多期次的钼富集成矿， 为晚燕山期钼成矿大爆发奠定了基础；③古老的陆壳基底有利于大型、超大型钼矿床或矿集区的形成； ④除常见的Climax 型和Endako型斑岩钼矿外，秦岭还发育大别型斑岩钼矿， 且以后者为主； ⑤大别型斑岩钼矿常见于秦岭、大别等碰撞造山带，其成矿流体、围岩蚀变与已知Clim...
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斑岩钼矿床是世界最常见的钼成矿类型，也是最主要的钼金属来源。秦岭是世界最重要的钼矿带，其钼资源量的90%以上来自斑岩型和斑岩-夕卡岩型矿床，分别以金堆城和南泥湖为典型代表。斑岩型与斑岩-夕卡岩型之间在岩浆-流体成矿作用方面并无明显差别，只是围岩条件不同，前者多为单钼矿床，后者则为钼多金属矿床。鉴于其重要性和矿床数量较多，本书分两章介绍，本章介绍斑岩型钼矿床，第4章介绍斑岩-夕卡岩型钼矿床。
秦岭地区斑岩型矿床包括超大型的金堆城、东沟、鱼池岭矿床，雷门沟、石家湾、石窑沟等大型矿床，以及八里坡、沙坡岭、石门沟、温泉、梨园塘、胭脂坝等中小型矿床。它们全部形成在中生代，包括印支期（三叠纪）和燕山期（侏罗纪—白垩纪），但大型、超大型矿床全部形成在燕山期（160~100Ma）。印支期矿床与美洲西部的陆弧...
The Xiaorequanzi Cu–Zn deposit is in the westernmost part of East Tianshan Terrane in northwestern China. The deposit is unique in the region being a volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit located near a zone (or belt) containing giant late Paleozoic porphyry Cu deposits. Aiming to better understand the genesis of the mineral deposits in the t...
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热液矿床分类一直是矿床研究领域的老大难问题，目前分类混乱、类型繁多，秦岭钼矿床也不例外。为了科学地揭示秦岭钼矿床的地质特征和成矿规律，服务于找矿勘查，本章讨论了热液矿床成因类型划分的依据，提出了浅成作用的概念，将热液成矿系统划分为浅成热液型、变质热液型和岩浆热液型三类，分析了三类热液的性质和差异，建立了甄别三类成矿系统的流体包裹体标识体系，然后，结合单个矿床地质地球化学解剖研究，对秦岭钼矿床进行了较为合理的成因类型划分
Formation of a large igneous province, an explosive magmatic event in earth, is intimately related to geodynamic processes. The Tarim large igneous province, a famous representative in China, contains A-type granites. However, the petrogenesis of the A-type granites is debated. Some researchers think that the A-type granites are developed through e...
The Xiaoriquanzi volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) Cu-Zn deposit occurs at the western part of the Paleozoic Dananhu-Haerlik arc in the eastern Tianshan, Xinjiang, China. Due to a lack of precise mineralization ages, the metallogenesis of the deposit has long been debated. In this study, systematic geochronological methods are used to constrain th...
The Chinese East Tianshan is the easternmost sector of the Tianshan Mountain Range in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), and accommodates several events of magmatism, crustal growth and mineralization. The Kalatag arc is unique in the East Tianshan due to its widespread Early Paleozoic volcanic rocks, which offers a special opportunity to stud...
The Beishan orogenic belt has undergone complex tectonic evolution, which leads to voluminous magmatism and mineralization. Numbers of tungsten deposits have been discovered in the Beishan orogenic belt though the geodynamic setting and timing of the deposits is poorly constrained. In this paper, we aim to figure out the evolution and mechanism of...
The volcanic rocks hosting the iron deposits in the Aqishan–Yamansu metallogenic belt are sodium-rich. The geochronology, petrography, and geochemistry of minerals and sodium-rich rocks as well as the relationship between these rocks and the iron deposits are studied. Geochemically, the ore-hosting volcanic rocks are sodium-rich (the averages of Na...
Xierqu is a skarn Fe–Cu deposit associated with porphyritic diorite, in the Kalatag district of eastern Tianshan, China. The diorite yields a sensitive high‐resolution ion microprobe U–Pb zircon date of 391 ± 3 Ma interpreted as its age of emplacement. Major element geochemistry shows that the diorite is a calc‐alkaline assaying 16.7–19 wt.% of Al2...
Located in the north of Anatolia, the Pontide Orogenic Belt hosts Turkey’s most important volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. Studies completed in the last ten years have discovered new massive sulfide deposits in the Central Pontide zone. The Zeybek VMS deposit is one of these newly-discovered deposits found in the Central Pontides. This...
The Kalatage area, located in the middle of the Dananhu arc in the Eastern Tianshan, NW China, contains abundant and different types of mineralization, e.g. volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) Cu-Zn deposits, porphyry Cu (-Au) deposits and volcanic hydrothermal vein Cu (-Au) deposits, represents an integral component of the Central Asian Orogenic Be...
The Qiman Tagh W-Sn belt lies in the westernmost section of the East Kunlun Orogen, NW China, and is associated with early Paleozoic monzogranites, tourmaline is present throughout this belt. In this paper we report chemical and boron isotopic compositions of tourmaline from wall rocks, monzogranites, and quartz veins within the belt, for studying...
The copper and zinc isotope ratios of massive sulfide and stockwork ores of Honghai volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits in eastern Tianshan Orogen, NW China, were measured by multiple collector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). The overall range of δ⁶⁵Cu (where δ⁶⁵Cu = [{(⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu)sample / (⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu)NIST976} − 1] ×...
The Xiaorequanzi copper deposit is one of the earliest copper deposits discovered in the eastern Tianshan orogen. However, the characters and evolution of ore-forming fluid and the metallogenic mechanism remain relatively unclear. The fluid inclusions from different mineralization stages were analyzed by microscopic temperature measurement and lase...
Xierqu is a newly discovered Fe-Cu deposit in the Kalatag district of the eastern Tianshan, NW China. However, the genesis of deposit remains relatively unclear. Electron probe, fluid inclusion and H, O isotopes are studied in this paper. It is found that the ore body is hosted by volcanic rocks and pyroclastic rocks of the Dananhu Formation, and c...
The Xiaobaishitou W-Mo deposit is one of the typical W-Mo deposits in North Xinjiang, located in the eastern Tianshan Orogen. The ore body mainly occurs in the contact zone between Triassic biotite granite and crystalline limestone of the Mesoproterozoic Kawabulag Group. However, the characteristics of metallogenic fluid and genetic type of the Xia...
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The Kalatag region in eastern Tianshan, NW China contains a number of economically important Cu deposits, including the Honghai-Huangtupo VMS-type Cu-Zn deposit hosted in the volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the Late Ordovician to Early Silurian Daliugou Formation. The characteristic dualistic structure of the Cu-Zn deposit features concordant massive...
We conducted petrologic investigation and performed major and trace elemental and Sr-Nd isotopic analysis on magmatic rocks from the Kalatag district, eastern Tianshan in order to understand the petrogenesis and geodynamic setting of Devonian magmatic rocks. The results show that Devonian magmatic rocks were mainly composed of intermediate-basic ro...
The Qiman Tagh of the East Kunlun Orogen, NW China, lies within the Tethysides and hosts a largeW–Sn belt associated with the Bashierxi monzogranite. To constrain the origin of the granitic magmatism and its relationship withW–Sn mineralization and the tectonic evolution of the East Kunlun Orogen and the Tethys, we present zircon U–Pb ages and Hf i...
The Qiman Tagh WeSn belt lies in the westernmost section of the East Kunlun Orogen, NW China, and is associated with early Paleozoic monzogranites, tourmaline is present throughout this belt. In this paper we report chemical and boron isotopic compositions of tourmaline from wall rocks, mon-zogranites, and quartz veins within the belt, for studying...
The Qiman Tagh W–Sn belt lies in the westernmost section of the East Kunlun Orogen, NW China, and is associated with early Paleozoic monzogranites, tourmaline is present throughout this belt. In this paper we report chemical and boron isotopic compositions of tourmaline from wall rocks, monzogranites, and quartz veins within the belt, for studying...
Isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) are two popular analytical methods used to constrain the age of minerals, including cassiterite. Compared to ID-TIMS, the LA-ICP-MS analytical method is often favoured due to its simple analytical procedure and...
The Qiman Tagh W-Sn ore belt is located in the westernmost sector of the East Kunlun Orogen, NW China. It has been recognized as a unique W-Sn belt that formed in the early Paleozoic and related to closure of the Proto-Tethys. To understand the evolution of ore-forming fluids and its relationship with the tectonic setting of East Kunlun Orogen, we...
The Qiman Tagh of the East Kunlun Orogen, NW China, lies within the Tethysides and hosts a large W–Sn belt associated with the Bashierxi monzogranite. To constrain the origin of the granitic magmatism and its relationship with W–Sn mineralization and the tectonic evolution of the East Kunlun Orogen and the Tethys, we present zircon U–Pb ages and Hf...
Isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) are two popular analytical methods used to constrain the age of minerals, including cassiterite. Compared to ID-TIMS, the LA-ICP-MS analytical method is often favoured due to its simple analytical procedure and...
The Early Paleozoic volcanic rocks of Daliugou Formation at the southern margin of the Turpan-Hami Basin in the eastern Tianshan Orogen host important volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. Here, we report zircon U–Pb ages of dacite and tuff from the hangingwall and footwall of the VMS deposit, and granodiorite that intruded the volcanics. Ou...
Yudai is a newly discovered copper deposit associated with a porphyritic quartz diorite, in the Kalatag district of the eastern Tianshan, China. SHRIMP U-Pb dating of zircons from the diorite yielded an age of 432±3Ma. The diorite is peraluminous (ASI=0.98-1.10), calc-alkaline to tholeiitic with high Al2O3 of 16.6-17.7wt% and Mg# of 57.4-67.4. Trac...
The Xingdi II mafic–ultramafic complex is located in the northern rim of the Tarim Craton, Northern Xinjiang, NW China. This complex is mainly composed of gabbro, gabbronorite, websterite and lherzolite, plus minor granodiorites and granites. The geodynamic setting of this complex and other Neoproterozoic mafic–ultramafic complexes in the region is...
The Baiganhu W-Sn ore field in the northwestern area of the East Kunlun Orogen, NW China, contains three economically important W-Sn deposits, namely Kekekaerde, Baiganhu and Bashierxi. Timing of the W-Sn mineralization remains under debates due to lack of precise isotope dating directly conducted on ore minerals.We herewith report LA-MC-ICP-MS (la...
The Kalatag region in the Eastern Tianshan of NW China contains a number of economically important Cu deposits. Among these, the South Meiling VMS deposit is hosted in the Late Ordovician to Early Silurian dacitic tuff belonging to the Daliugou Formation. The deposit is composed of two domains: a concordant massive sulfide ore domain and a discorda...
The newly discovered Baiganhu W-Sn ore district in Qimantag of East Kunlun orogenic belt provides a key window to insight into the W-Sn mineralization in Northwest China. In this paper, the authors present results from the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating of two muscovite samples collected from the ore- bearing quartz veins in the Baiganhu W-Sn ore district, which...
The giant Shangfanggou skarn-porphyry Mo–Fe deposit, one of the largest Mo deposits in the East Qinling Orogen, is hosted by the Neoproterozoic Luanchuan Group on the southern margin of the North China Craton. The mineralization occurs mainly as veinlets and in veinlet-disseminated form within altered schists, skarns, hornfelses, and/or marbles. Th...
The Zhifang Mo deposit is located in the northeastern Qinling Orogen along the southern margin of the North China Craton. The deposit represents a quartz-vein system hosted in the Mesoproterozoic Xiong’er Group volcanic rocks. We identify three hydrothermal stages (early, middle and late), characterized by veinlets of quartz–pyrite, quartz–molybden...
The Shagou deposit, located in the eastern Qinling orogenic belt, central China and hosted by the Taihua Supergroup, is a large-sized Ag–Pb–Zn deposit and has proven reserves of 1.54 million tons of ore with grades of 767 g/t Ag, 13.24% Pb and 4.31% Zn. The ore-forming fluids have been previously interpreted as products of direct exsolution of a cr...
The East Qinling region in central China, hosting several tens of Mesozoic magmatic-hydrothermal Mo deposits, is one of the largest molybdenum belts in the world. The Zhifang Mo deposit is hosted in volcanic rocks of the Xiong'er Group in the Waifangshan area, Qinling Orogen. Previous studies variously correlated the mineralization in this deposit...
The Tumen molybdenite–fluorite vein system is hosted by carbonate rocks of the Neoproterozoic Luanchuan Group, located on the southern margin of the North China Craton (NCC) in central China. Previous studies divided the mineralization into four stages according to the crosscutting relationships between veinlets and their mineral assemblages. In th...
The Yindonggou Ag–Au(–Pb–Zn) deposit is hosted by metamorphosed volcanic rocks of the ca. 740–760 Ma Wudangshan Group in the Proterozoic Wudang Block of the southern part of the Qinling Orogen, central China. The deposit consists of a series of mineralized quartz veins located in the Yindongyan Anticline. Based on the mineral assemblages and cross-...
The Jianchaling gold deposit in Shaanxi province, China, is located to the south of the Mianlue suture zone. The ore bodies were controlled by fault F1-45 and the secondary faults. The hydrothermal ore-forming processes can be divided into three stages according to the mineral assemblages and the crosscutting relationships of the veinlets as follow...
The East Qinling Molybdenum Belt (EQMB), central China, hosting tens of Mesozoic magmatic hydrothermal Mo deposits, is one of the largest molybdenum belts in the world. Recently, a new type of Mo mineralization characterized by molybdenite-fluorite veins was discovered with ongoing prospecting at the Tumen area in the Huaxiong block, representing t...
The East Qinling molybdenum belt, hosting numerous Mesozoic magmatic-hydrothermal Mo deposits, is one of the largest molybdenum provinces in the world. The recently discovered Zhaiwa Mo–Cu deposit, Luoning County, Henan Province, occurs within the Xiong'er Terrane of the East Qinling orogenic belt. The Mo–Cu mineralization is associated with widesp...
The Eastern Qinling Molybdenum Belt (EQMB) in central China represents the largest Mo province in the world. Located at the southern margin of the North China Craton, this Mo province is largely associated with Mesozoic granitoids. Here we report Re-Os isochron age of 1761 +/- 33 Ma (2 sigma, MSWD = 2.9) from molybdenite in the recently discovered...
Three types of Indosinian Mo mineralization can be observed in the Qinling area, namely carbonatite-type, fault-controlled quartz vein type and porphyry type. Carbonatite-type Mo deposits are represented by the Huanglongpu and Huangshuian deposits. They are spatially and genetically associated with magmatic carbonatite, and the ore bodies are prese...
The East Qinling Molybdenum Belt (EQMB), central China, hosting tens of Mesozoic magmatic hydrothermal Mo deposits, is one of the largest molybdenum belts in the world. Recently, a new type of Mo mineralization characterized by molybdenite–fluorite veins was discovered with ongoing prospecting at the Tumen area in the Huaxiong block, representing t...
The East Qinling molybdenum belt is probably the largest Mo belt in the world , including five world class superlarge ( > 0.5 Mt Mo) , five large ( (0.05 - 0.5 Mt Mo) and several medium/ small ( <0.05 Mt Mo)
deposit s , containing > 5 Mt Mo metal. The East Qinling Mo belt is situated between the San-Bao fault on the north and the Shang-Dan fault on...
