Wong Chow Jeng

Universiti Sains Malaysia | USM · School of Physics

Due to the high cost and limited number of the air pollutant stations in the each area, they cannot provide a good spatial distribution of the air pollutant reading over a city. The objective of this study was to test the potential of an internet protocol (IP) camera digital camera for determination of particulate matter less than 10 micron (PM10)....

The aim of this paper is to study the effects of gamma radiation on the structural and optical properties of two types of Gum Arabic, one from Sudan and another from Malaysia. The Gum Arabic samples were first annealed at different temperatures and for different durations before being irradiated using Am-241 gamma ray for 72 hours. Both the irradia...

Surface defects in manufacturing are top challenges in various manufacturing field including LED manufacturing, die manufacturing and printing industry. Quality control through automated surface defect detection has been an emphasis to speed up the production without jeopardizing the quality of the product. However, complexity and flexibility in pr...

Template matching is an image comparison technique which played an important role in machine vision. In this research, a different approach to multi-template matching technique with more robust and intuitive similarity measure is described. In many studies, a numerous templates are presented to handle pattern variation while Normalised Cross Correl...

The present study analyzes and quantifies the spatial-temporal variability of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) over peninsular Malaysia using the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) from 2003 to 2010. The goal is to understand the long-term variability of OLR over Malaysia in terms of time-frequency variations in relation to the monsoon period and...

The spread of avian influenza has caused severe deaths in poultry and humans. It is important to understand migratory raptors flyways by monitoring their migration patterns. Ground counting is the oldest and easiest method to count the population of migratory raptors. The observers recognize the species of migratory raptors based on size, colour an...

Ten years of latitudinal variation of minimum Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) over South East Asia was examined by using weekly OLR data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) polar-orbiting satellites. The study was carried out using data collected from January 2000 to December 2010 which covered a region from longitudes 95°...

The chapter discusses three NGOs in Malaysia that deal with water as their main concentration. The NGOs are Water Watch Penang (WWP), Sustainable Network Malaysia (SUSDEN) and Environmental Action Committee (EAC). The water NGOs have made a substantial contribution in creating the scope and opportunities for various affected communities in many res...

These keynote lectures discusses the following: Window to the Soul: tracking eyes to inform the design of visualizations; Visualization of hierarchical information on mobile screens; The anatomy of a graph visualization system; Remote sensing and image processing techniques; Deriving structure of images via dictionary and Bayesian network learning.

The relationship between the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and rainfall over the South East Asia was examined by using daily OLR data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) polar-orbiting satellites and rainfall data from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42 daily V006. The study was carried out using data collec...

Migratory birds have been identified to be the dominant sources for spreading the avian influenza/bird flu virus from one country to other country. It is important to have useful technique to monitor the bird migration for accessing the spread of bird flu. In this paper, we proposed the use of Digital Single Lens Reflex camera coupled with image pr...

Traditionally, biologists trace migratory birds by using their naked eye and binocular for counting. The counters will feel tired and easily lost their concentration after waiting and counting the migratory birds for a long period of time. Other than that, when there is a large number of migratory birds fly together, it is very difficult to count t...

Temperature data from Global Positioning System based Radio Occultation (GPS RO) soundings of the Formosa Satellite mission 3/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC or F-3/C) micro satellites has been investigated in detail to study the Kelvin wave properties. The high temporal and spatial resolut...

The twenty nine years (1979-2007) rain-gauge based gridded precipitation data generated by the Asian Precipitation Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation of water resources (APHRODITE) are used to depict the rainfall climatology in Vietnam. The rain gauge observations of 163 stations in Vietnam for year 2007 are employed...

Accordingly, the present invention provides a method to obtain quantitative data for determining particulate air quality concentration level of a sight path towards a target which is located more than 20 meters from an image sensor including the steps of obtaining an image from the image sensor focusing on a particular target and measuring solar ir...

This study has shown that by using image processing technique with new developed algorithm, internet surveillance camera can be used as temporal air quality remote monitoring sensor. It produced real time air quality information with high accuracies. This technique uses relatively inexpensive equipment and it is easy to operate compared to other ai...

The interaction of the storm circulation with the Central Mountain Range (CMR) of Taiwan is studied with a wind profiler located at the leeside during the invasions of two (Kaemi (200605) and Bopha (200609)) typhoons. The moderate typhoon Kaemi upgraded from a tropical depression on 21 July 2006. It then was made landfall at 15:45 UTC on 24 July 20...

Malaysia northern region has been an important space for public sphere by Malaysian Environmental Non-governmental Organizations (ENGOs). The past decades have witnessed severe threats in water resources in the northern region. Charitable and voluntary organizations have been contributing significantly towards the solution of the threats. The ENGOs...

Traditionally the air quality monitoring systems are involved with high set-up cost and also high operating cost. These have become the major obstacles for setting up more air quality monitoring systems at multi location. The purpose is to give an indicator to human for preventing the air quality become worst and worst. In this study, we have showe...

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This paper present an economical analysis of using a digital camera imagery data to classify land use/cover in the Prai Industrial area, Penang, located in Peninsular Malaysia. The data were captured using a digital camera, Kodak DC 290 from a small light aircraft at 8000 feet altitude. This overcomes the problem of difficulty in obtaining cloud-fr...

Remote sensing technique is very effective method for water quality mapping through analysis of satellite images over a large coverage of study area. The objective of this study was to test the feasibility of using the ALOS digital image for total suspended solids (TSS) mapping over Penang Island, Malaysia. A new algorithm was developed for detecti...

Nowadays application of webcam becomes more and more popular. Thus webcams are being developed to have better resolution but lower cost. This has motivated us to evaluate the suitability of using webcam for indoor air quality monitoring. This monitoring involved determining the concentration of particulate matter with diameter less than 10 micron (...

Environmental monitoring through the method of traditional ship sampling is time consuming and requires a high survey cost. The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of Landsat TM imagery for total suspended solids (TSS) mapping using a newly developed algorithm over Penang Island. The study area is the seawater region around Penan...

Atmospheric fine particles with diameter less than 10 micron (PM10) have already become a major public health concern in any part of the world. These particles can be breathed more deeply into the lungs to cause adverse health effects. In order to prevent long exposure to these harmful atmospheric particles, this motivates a growing interest in dev...

Many researches showed that pollution particles are associated with adverse health effects. These particles are 10 micrometers in diameter or smaller (PM10). Now the challenge is to develop a better technique for monitoring the concentration of these particles. In this study, we intend to use a Single Lens Reflex (SLR) camera to determine particle...

The atmosphere surrounding earth surface plays an important role in the daily life of human beings. Total suspended particulates (TSP) found in the atmosphere are made up of many compounds including soil, nitrate, sulphate, soot and organic carbon. In this study, an optical sensor has been designed and developed for measuring TSP concentrations in...

The current sea surface temperature (SST) algorithms were derived empirically using a large amount of in-situ observation data. The algorithms derived had no guarantee to be used for the different regions and time. Large amount of in-situ data was required for the algorithm regression analysis. The new algorithm did not require a large amount of in...

Atmospheric aerosols have been associated with adverse health effects in areas of high concentrations. This is due to the ability of these sub-micrometer particles to penetrate further into the lung and alveoli for humans and animals. Besides this, aerosols are linked to have a significant influence on climate change and visibility. Therefore, it i...

Environmental pollution is coeval with the appearance of humans. Water pollution problem becomes increasingly critical in this present-day, whether in developed or developing countries. Sediment is the primary cause of water pollution. The environmental pollution problem can be measured using ground instruments such as turbidity meters for water me...

This paper presents an economical analysis of land cover in Malaysia. Land cover classification from remotely sensed data is an important topic in remote sensing applications. We attempted to investigate the feasibility of using a conventional digital camera for acquiring high resolution imagery for land use/cover mapping. The objective of this stu...

In this study, we propose a new cost effective approach to retrieve aerosol optical thickness (AOT) data in the visible spectrum by using sky transmittance measurements measured by a handheld spectroradiometer. The transmittance values were measured in spectral region from 350 nm to 1050 nm at the earth's surface. The well known Beer-Lambert law wa...

Many studies have been performed to retrieve the sea surface temperature (SST). However, the researchers studied only the effect of brightness temperature difference, observation angle and water vapor content. The sea surface emissivity (SSE) is normally considered as unity or constant. However, in a real case, the sea surface emissivity changes wi...

Environmental monitoring through the method of traditional ship sampling is time consuming and requires a high survey cost. The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of Landsat TM imagery for total suspended solids (TSS) mapping using a newly developed algorithm over Penang Island. The study area is the seawater region around Penan...

Nowadays, air quality is a major concern in many countries whether in the developed or the developing countries. Due to the high cost and limited number of air pollutant stations in each area, they cannot provide a good spatial distribution of the air pollutant readings over a city. Satellite observations can give a high spatial distribution of air...

The optical properties of aerosols such as smoke from burning vary due to aging processes and these particles reach larger sizes at high concentrations. The objectives of this study are to develop and evaluate an algorithm for estimating atmospheric optical thickness from Landsat TM image. This study measured the sky transmittance at the ground usi...

Traditional air pollution monitoring by using ground based instruments cannot provides air pollution over a large spatial scale. Aerosol over Penang Island was mapped with SPOT satellite image in this study. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between SPOT satellite observation and particulate matter of size less than 2.5 mi...

Remotely sensed can be the only data source in rural and remote areas where no ground-based measurements are taken. This image is used to detect air pollution at regional level, in coarser resolution. Remotely sensed data can be used qualitatively to provide a regional view of pollutants and to help assess the impact of events such as biomass burni...

The effect of aerosols on the global climate system is one of the major uncertainties of present climate predictions. This study is dealing with obtaining particulates matter of less than 10-micro in diameter (PM10) using SPOT data. The objectives of this study is to measure air quality parameters and to develop a model for relating ground truth da...

An algorithm for haze determination was developed based on the atmospheric optical properties to determine the concentration of particulate matter with diameter less than 10 micrometers (PM10). The purpose of this study was to use digital camera images to determine the PM10 concentration. This algorithm was developed based on the relationship betwe...

Sea surface temperature (SST) retrieval depends greatly on algorithm coefficient estimation. However, the algorithm coefficient estimation is relevant to pixel data chosen for multiple regressions analysis. Therefore the proper masking and flagging procedures will ensure that only the good pixels are only chosen for algorithm coefficient analysis....

A new nondestructive methods based on optical properties at multiple wavelengths is being applied to measure the freshness of some vegetables. The principle of this method is to determine the absorbance and the reflectance of a sample in visible and near infrared region. When a light beam is illuminated upon a piece of vegetable sample, the majorit...

Remote sensing offers an important means of detecting and analyzing temporal changes occurring in our landscape. This research used remote sensing to quantify land use/land cover changes at the Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (Nad) province, Indonesia on a regional scale. The objective of this paper is to assess the changed produced from the analysis of L...

This paper reports that a digital single-lens reflex (SLR) camera can be applied as a remote sensor for monitoring the concentrations of particulate matter less than 10 micron (PM10). An algorithm was developed based on the regression analysis of relationship between the measured reflectance and the reflected components from a surface material and...

Aerosol optical thickness, AOT is one of the factors on determining air quality. The concentration of atmospheric aerosol is determined from radiances of image taken. On this study, we use AVHRR image which is appropriate to retrieve AOT from a wide coverage area. The methods of retrieving aerosol from visible and near-infrared radiance data were a...

We attempted to investigate the potential of using satellite image for acquiring data for remote sensing application. This study investigated the potential of using digital satellite image for land cover mapping over AlQasim, Saudi Arabia. Satellite digital imagery has proved to be an effective tool for land cover studies. Supervised classification...

Nowadays visual information becomes more and more important in almost all areas of our life. This information is represented and processed digitally. Digital image processing is ubiquitous, with applications ranging from television to tomography, from photography to printing, from robotics to remote sensing. In this study, we developed an algorithm...

Various studies showed that inhaled fine particles with diameter less than 10 micrometers (PM10) in the air can cause adverse health effects on human, such as heart disease, asthma, stroke, bronchitis and the like. This is due to their ability to penetrate further into the lung and alveoli. The aim of this study is to develop a state-of-art reliabl...

Nowadays, air quality is a major concern in many countries whether in the developed or the developing countries. Due to the high cost and limited number of air pollutant stations in each area, they cannot provide a good spatial distribution of the air pollutant readings over a city. Satellite observations can give a high spatial distribution of air...

Nowadays internet video surveillance cameras are widely use in security monitoring. The quantities of installations of these cameras also become more and more. This paper reports that the internet video surveillance cameras can be applied as a remote sensor for monitoring the concentrations of particulate matter less than 10 micron (PM10), so that...

For this study, an algorithm was developed to determine concentration of particles less than 10mum (PM10) from still images captured by a CCTV camera on the Penang Bridge. The objective of this study is to remotely monitor the PM10 concentrations on the Penang Bridge through the internet. So, an algorithm was developed based on the relationship bet...

The environmental problems caused by the increase of pollutant. It is the result of industrial waste and environmental accidents. One of the main sources of water pollution is suspended solids. When these suspended particles settle to the bottom of a water body, they become sediments. Optical methods offer two possibilities: scattering and transmis...

Optical sensing is an alternative technique, which can be used for monitoring turbidity and polluted coastal waters. In this project, the water samples were taken from the Penang Straits, Malaysia on 9 March 2006. The water samples locations were determined using a global positioning system (GPS). The water samples were collected from a small boata...

In this study, modern ICT and digital technology allow captured images to be transferred over Internet protocol to central monitoring centre. Internet protocol (IP) camera provides remotely and cost effectively monitor system. IP cameras also are flexible, powerful and wide ranging system applications. The objective of this study is to test the fea...

Air quality is a major concern in many large cities of the world. This paper studies the relationship between particulate matter of size less than 10-micron meter (PM10) and satellite observation from OCTS. The objective of this study is to map the PM10 distribution in Peninsular Malaysia using visible and thermal bands data. The in-situ PM10 measu...

A novel optical sensor equipment has been developed for the measurement of total suspended solids TSS concentrations. The sensing equipment makes use of light-emitting diodes, LED's, as sources, and a silicon photodiode as a detector. The photodetector detects light scattered at 90°. The signal was correlated with the measured TSS concentrations. S...

Modern digital technology allows image data transfer over the internet protocol, which provides real time observation and more frequent air quality studies can be carried at multi locational simultaneously. The objective of this study is to evaluate the suitability of using internet protocol camera to transfer image data, and then these data were a...

An optical sensor has been designed and developed to measure transmitted light through water samples for the retrieval of total suspended solids TSS concentrations. The proposed optical system uses light emitting diodes LEDs to transmit light through the total suspended solids in water samples. The transmitted radiation values were obtained from ou...

Tropospheric aerosols play an important role in climate change. Aerosols are typically studied over deep clear water, due to the relatively constant reflectance of water and the ability to easily separate surface and atmospheric contributions on the satellite signal. A methodology based on multi-spectral approach was employed to map tropospheric ae...

An algorithm was developed based on the atmospheric optical properties determine the concentration of particulate matter of size less than 10 micron (PM10) in the campus of USM. Ground measurements were collected simultaneously with the internet protocol (IP) camera images acquisition using a DustTrak meter. The sun radiation measurements at the gr...

An algorithm was developed based on the atmospheric optical properties determine the concentration of particulate matter of size less than 10 micron (PM10) in the campus of USM. Ground measurements were collected simultaneously with the internet protocol (IP) camera images acquisition using a DustTrak meter. The sun radiation measurements at the gr...

In this paper, an algorithm has been developed using Landsat TM thermal channel for the retrieval of land surface temperature (LST) over AlQassim, Saudi Arabi. The objective of this study was to to demonstrate the effectiveness of Landsat TM 5 imageries in mapping Land Surface Temperature. The data used was captured by Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor o...