Wolfgang Schiel

• Schlaich Bergermann und Partner

The trend of solar thermal power plant engineering towards lower investment and energy costs leads to a demand for higher operating temperatures in the plant cycle. The use of molten salts withstanding temperatures up to 550 C is considered for use in CSP plants, in particular for parabolic trough systems. In thermal storage systems fluids as "Sola...

A first Ultimate Trough (R) (UT) collector demonstration loop was successfully integrated in an existing solar power plant California and is now put into operation. Its huge dimensions of one Solar Collector Assembly (SCA) with an aperture of 7.5 m and a length of 247 m makes it the largest parabolic trough collector ever built and operated. It is...

In a future energy economy, solar updraft towers will be able to produce electricity from solar radiation at economically viable prices. The results obtained at the experimental facility in Manzanares, Spain, have demonstrated that fully automatic operation with a high level of technical availability is already feasible. Economic appraisals have sh...

Solar technologies for electricity production

Kurzfassung Vier Technologien zur solarthermischen Stromerzeugung werden im Ingenieurbüro Schlaich Bergermann und Partner entwickelt, teilweise bereits seit Beginn der 80er Jahre: Zu diesen Techniken wird jeweils zunächst das Prinzip kurz erläutert und das Anwendungsfeld umrissen. Daran schließt sich die Darstellung der Entwicklung im Büro Schlaich...

Growing energy consumption worldwide goes along with diminishing resources of fossil fuels and the need for climate protection. As an important part of the solution, this paper introduces Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) technologies such as Parabolic Trough Collectors, Dish Stirling Systems and Central Receiver Systems. CSP systems use mirrors to co...

The main parts and working principle of dish engine (dish Stirling) systems are explained. An overview of the historical development and present systems is given. The energy conversion processes are explicated as well as performance and operational characteristics. Manufacturing aspects of components are discussed and future development trends are...

Parabolrinnen-Kollektoren sind einachsig der Sonne nach-geführte konzentrierende Solarkollektoren. Ihre einach-sig parabolisch gekrümmte Spiegelfläche reflektiert das Sonnenlicht auf ein entlang der Brennlinie des Spiegels angebrachtes vakuumisoliertes Absorberrohr (Bild 1). Ty-pische Konzentrationsfaktoren liegen bei 70 bis 100. Das durch das Abso...

The EuroTrough collector design was chosen for the 50MW Godavari project which is currently under construction being one of the first CSP plants in India. The introduction of a new technology in a new country comes along with challenges in terms of the structural design due to available materials, fabrication methods, application of national standa...

For solar field design, optimized (low) costs are of high economic interest. Costs cannot, however, take priority over fulfillment of life safety requirements. The purpose of the code is to guarantee life safety if the annual probability of breakage is equal or lower than 10-6 annually. Through material tests and statistical methods, which take int...

In 2010 Schlaich Bergermann und Partner (sbp) and Fraunhofer Institute for Material Flow and Logistics (IML) started under the leadership of Flabeg Holding GmbH (Flabeg) the development of the next generation collector for parabolic trough power plants. The project is based on the decision of Flabeg, as the market leader of parabolic shaped mirrors...

Parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) are a proven technology today. Still, electricity generation costs must be further reduced in order to make this technology economically viable in general, not only in subsidized or protected markets, as is mostly the case today. Since the collector field requires up to about one third of the total power plant inv...

Today, parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) are a proven technology. Still, solar power generation costs have to be further reduced to make this technology economically viable in the complete sun belt of the earth, and not only in subsidized or protected markets, as it is mostly the case today. The collector field contributes to roughly half of total...

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In 2005, Flagsol GmbH jointly with Schlaich Bergermann und Partner (sbp), Fraunhofer Institute for Material Flow and Logistics (IML), and German Aerospace Center (DLR) started the development and design of the next parabolic trough collector generation beyond SKALET technology. Within the BMU co-funded ANDA NT project, improvement potential of SKAL...

The construction of solar thermal power plants with several thousands square meters of collector area requires quality control measures for components, subsystems, and the entire collector rows. While quality control has a significant potential to increase the solar field efficiency, the main objective is to assure high quality standards for the wh...

Die Effizienz konzentrierender solarthermischer Kraftwerke hängt stark von der geometrischen Präzision der Kollektoren, Komponenten und der Präzision der Nachführung ab. Enge Toleranzen stehen jedoch in Konkurrenz zu kostengünstigen Fertigungsverfahren. Im Metallbau können die millimeter-genauen Anforderungen der dreidimensionalen Formtreue mit aut...

The 10 kW el Dish/Stirling system EuroDish was enhanced. Newly developed and improved components like the ceramic cavity insulation and the control system are described as well as a novel assembly method for the concentrator and a number of improvements and new features of the control software. Country Reference Units were built in Spain, France an...

The construction of solar thermal power plants with several thousands square meters of collector area requires quality control measures for components, subsystems, and the entire collector rows. While quality control has a significant potential to increase the solar field efficiency, the main objective is to assure high quality standards for the wh...

The solar updraft tower concept and its special features are described first. Then basic economic data and commercial aspects are presented. Financing conditions and revenue streams from electricity generation and non-energy revenues like tourism are discussed, and their influence on economic viability is analysed. As an example, technical and econ...

A solar updraft tower power plant – sometimes also called 'solar chimney' or just 'solar tower' – is a solar thermal power plant utilizing a combination of solar air collector and central updraft tube to generate a solar induced convective flow which drives pressure staged turbines to generate electricity. The paper presents theory, practical exper...

Current energy provision systems based on exhaustible fuels like coal, hydrocarbons and uranium are damaging the environment and are non-sustainable. Increasing prices due to limited resources and rising demand pose serious problems even to rich countries. Poverty, population explosion and migration are, amongst other reasons, also a consequence of...

Solarthermische Kraftwerke müssen schon bald einen wesentlichen Beitrag zum drastisch steigenden Energiebedarf leisten. Sie können dies auch, denn die Entwicklung der verschiedenen Technologien ist sehr weit fortgeschritten. Der letzte aufwendige Schritt der großtechnischen Erprobung steht aber noch aus. Der Beitrag beschreibt die Kraftwerkskonzept...

Present electricity generation using fossil fuels is damaging the environment and is not sustainable, whereas solar radiation is an inexhaustible source of energy. Harnessed at reasonable costs, it can provide prosperity and a livable environment for mankind. Solar updraft towers - sometimes also called 'solar chimneys' - promise sustainable solar...

Schlaich Bergermann und Partner is developing and optimizing four different technologies for solar thermal electricity generation since the early eighties:-THE SOLAR TOWER (UPDRAFT SOLAR POWER PLANT)-DISH/STIRLING SYSTEMS-DISTRIBUTED COLLECTORS SYSTEMS (PARABOLIC TROUGH)-CENTRAL RECEIVER SYSTEMS (POWER TOWER) The Paper describes in a short form the...

The high-performance EuroTrough parabolic trough collector models ET100 and ET150 have been developed for the utility scale generation of solar steam for process heat applications and solar power generation. With corresponding receiver tubes they can be used in combination with various heat transfer fluids in large solar fields. With an optical con...

Solar Updraft Tower

The EUROTROUGH solar concentrating parabolic trough collector has been developed by a consortium from industry and research during the last years. The EU-funded R&D work has been finished successfully and project results are available for project developers. The collector is line-focussing, with glass reflector and metal support structure in indust...

The EuroDish is an innovative 10 kW dish/Stirling system for decentralised power generation, developed by a German-Spanish consortium between 1998 and 2001. Currently the EnviroDish project is under way with the objective to prepare for market introduction of the EuroDish system. The EuroDish incorporates a newly developed 8.5 m diameter concentrat...

The development of a completely new dish concentrator is described, basing on a shell construction from a fibre glass reinforced plastic sandwich. The tracking system was optimized and receiver, cavity and cooling system of the Stirling unit were redesigned. The control system was further integrated also and remote control capabilities provided. Tw...

A parabolic trough collector has been developed for various applications in the 200–400°C temperature range in solar fields up to the hundreds Megawatts range. The design of a new support structure of the collector included concept studies, wind tunnel measurements, finite elements method (FEM) analyses and resulted in a structure with a central fr...

Unter den Systemen zur solarthermischen Strom-erzeugung zeichnen sich die Dish/Stirling-Systeme durch hohe Wirkungsgrade aus. Im Bild eine Anlage in Almeria. Dish/Stirling-Anlagen zur dezentralen solaren Stromerzeugung Dish/Stirling-Systeme bestechen durch ihre hohen Wirkungsgrade. Zudem sind sie durch ihre Modularität in der Lage, elektrische Leis...

Versuchen Sie, lieber Leser, doch selbst eine Antwort auf die Titelfrage zu finden, bevor Sie auf den nächsten Seiten nachlesen! Ist es möglich, den Traum vom abgasfreien Auto, von der sauberen Stadt, mit Sonnenenergie zu erfüllen? Reichen die Wüstenflächen dieser Erde aus, um dort Sonnenenergie in solchen Mengen zu ernten und hierher zu transporti...

A parabolic trough collector is under development for various applications in the 200-400°C temperature range in solar fields up to the hundreds Megawatts range. The design of a lightweight support structure of the collector included concept studies, wind channel measurements, FEM analyses and resulted in a structure with a central framework elemen...

Current energy production from coal and oil is damaging to the environment and non-renewable. Many developing countries cannot afford these energy sources, and nuclear power stations are an unacceptable risk in many locations. Inadequate energy supplies can lead to high energy costs as well as to poverty, which commonly results in population explos...

A single element, 150m 2 stressed-membrane central receiver heliostat (Fig. 1) was designed and manufactured by private German companies engaged in the development of commercial central receiver technology. It was installed at the Spanish-German solar test site, the Plataforma Solar de Almería (PSA) near Tabernas in southern Spain in spring '95 (Ha...

This article describes a new technique for fabricating solar concentrators using a stretched metal membrane. The article includes an overview of various types of thermal solar technologies and examines the fabrication, testing and application of the solar concentrator in detail. The concentrator is used in conjunction with a Stirling engine and ele...

A method is proposed allowing the physical interpretation of the sun image generated by reflecting systems, e.g., heliostats, on a target plane. The instantaneous flux distributions reflected from the target are measured by a distant videotype camera system in the visible spectrum and analyzed in terms of their constituents (sunshape, astigmatic ab...

A feasible and also promising system for the utilization of solar energy is an upwind power plant. For some years, such a power plant has been in operation as an experimental plant at Manzanares (Spain) and in the meantime has provided sufficient data which allow well-founded estimates for greater and improved plants. The authors explain the mode o...

Results and conclusions of the IEA-SSPS High Experiment are presented together with the thermodynamic theory of the Advanced Sodium Receiver. During the experiment, flux distributions, surface temperature distributions, efficiencies and losses, were measured and calculated in a power range of 0.8-3.5 MW at different sodium inlet/outlet temperatures...

The Hermes system has been developed in order to measure the power characteristics of the heliostat field and the receiver for a solar central receiver system. Experience from designing mirrors and heat exchangers could not be completely applied to this new technology because of the large focal length of the heliostats and the non-uniformity of the...

Graphite and activated carbon powder suspensions in aqueous dilute sulfuric acid exhibit large capacities in the potential range 0.1–1.1 V vs. SHE; typical data are 0.5 and 150 F g−1 for the two materials, respectively. From various considerations it is concluded that this capacity represents the ordinary double-layer behaviour of the huge pore sur...

A parabolic trough collector has been developed for various applications in the 200-400°C temperature range in solar fields up to the hundreds Megawatts range. The design of a new support structure of the collector included concept studies, wind tunnel measurements, finite elements method (FEM) analyses and resulted in a structure with a central fr...

In the paper two power plant types that utilize a convective flow for electricity generation are discussed: The so-called 'Solar Chimney', and a down-draught power plant named 'Energy Tower'. Both power plants utilize a convective flow caused by the density difference between the air column inside a large chimney -open at the bottom and the top -an...