Wim J.M. Heijman

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague and Wageningen University The Netherlands

Urban and roadside trees contribute to health and resilience. However, when trees or branches fall, it can cause injuries or deaths. This study examined trends and variations of injuries and deaths due to tree failure in The Netherlands from 1998 to 2021, considering urban–rural location, sex, age and traffic mode. This study is the first to descri...

From the literature part of this research, it shows that, some of the most popular Learning Management Systems (LMS), such as Moodle, Canvas and Blackboard, are used by many universities and colleges worldwide and their popularity is steadily increasing as more institutions adopt online learning. The usage statistics of LMSs by universities can be...

Sustainable forest management in South-East Asia is challenged by smallholder livestock husbandry as farmers supplement insufficient on-farm forage with resources extracted from forests. This study assesses which de- terminants affect forest resource extraction by investigating teak forest usage by Indonesian cattle farmers. Based on a survey of 60...

Member commitment has an impact on the viability and success of cooperatives. While there are studies on member engagement in European and American cooperatives, empirical research on member commitment in Chinese agricultural cooperatives is rare. Using a sample of 391 farmer cooperative members in China, this study investigates the factors associa...

The understanding of the role of using forest resources in the livelihood strategies of smallholder farmers is limited. Rural household surveys often omit this aspect. From a survey of 600 Indonesian cattle farmers, we apply the sustainable livelihood framework to investigate the role extracting forest resources has in livelihood strategies and hou...

Amartya Sen defines entitlement as command over resources that permits a household to have access to essential goods and services to sustain life within the legal and established social norms and practices. Entitlement failure occurs when a household's command over all available combinations of resources does not ensure sufficient provisions of foo...

We explore the mechanisms of the attitude–behavior paradox and how multiple stakeholders strategize to compromise their attitudes and behaviors. Through an instrumental variable probit model, we examine the effect of income heterogeneity and social ties on the farmers’ attitude–behavior paradox for collective action. The empirical results demonstra...

Agropastoral societies in Ethiopia and elsewhere in Africa are facing challenges in their land use. Land shifts toward large-scale land investments have exacerbated the scarcity of pastures, thus affecting the resilience of pastoral systems. In this study, we assessed how large-scale land investments affect household resilience using data from the...

We examined the determinants of conflict among agro-pastoral households in areas affected by large-scale land investments in Ethiopia. We combined household and community surveys to collect data and used descriptive statistics and a binary logit model to analyze them. The results indicated that, in the last decade, land conflicts were prevalent in...

Taking concepts from economic geography, this study decomposes locational factors as ‘first-nature’ and ‘second-nature’ geography, and argues that the second-nature geography, which is the concentration of entrepreneurial activities, helps entrepreneurs to discover entrepreneurial opportunities and gives them an incentive to integrate business with...

This article discusses two methods to measure the concept of local competitiveness: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The goal of this analysis is to determine whether these two methods used in social sciences research lead to comparable model results. By non-parametric tests we show that there is a signific...

Smallholder farmers in developing countries often lack resources. They rely mostly on extensive production approaches, such as cattle keeping and resort more to extracting forest resources at no charge. Our objective is to assess the relationship between the diversification of income sources, poverty and livelihood capital for smallholder farm hous...

We explore the mechanisms of the attitude–behavior paradox and how multiple stakeholders strategize to compromise their attitudes and behaviors. Through an instrumental variable probit model, we examine the effect of income heterogeneity and social ties on the farmers’ attitude–behavior paradox for collective action. The empirical results demonstra...

Among the renewable energy resources geothermal is specific to a local production and consumption. Next to the heat and energy production, geothermal energy presents opportunities for rural and suburban areas linking sustainable development goals with expansion of new local economy sectors. Therefore, we assume that the local utilization of geother...

Russia’s agricultural import ban is one of the most recent examples of protectionism in agricultural trade. Introduced in 2014 and renewed every year since then, it has disrupted food supply chains and agricultural trade in Europe and influenced the prices and structure of food production in Russia. Current literature on Russia’s import ban mention...

Agriculture has been the mainstay of the Mongolian economy for decades. Since 2005, however, the dominant position of the agricultural sector has deteriorated as a result of a booming coal, copper, and gold mining sector. This study investigates the current role of the agricultural sector in Mongolia through its linkages with other industries. An I...

Improving household livelihoods through tourism, while at the same time achieving the goals of conservation, remains a challenge in high-value nature areas around the world. This paper studies a herder-community-based tourism system in Mongolia in light of these challenges. The social–ecological system (SES) framework was used as a conceptual found...

This paper considers innovations as one of the factors of sustainable agricultural development of the Stavropol Territory. It focuses on the impact of state policy at the regional level in the field of innovations on the sustainable development of the region’s agriculture. This paper tests whether the implementation of the policy in innovations inc...

p>This paper measures the development of the national income share of the bioeconomy for 28 European Union Member States (MS) and 16 industries of BioMonitor scope from 2005 to 2015. The paper proposes a model which includes the up‐ and downstream linkages using Input‐Output tables. The results show that for the majority of the MS the value added o...

With the rapid development of urbanization, industrialization and decentralized fiscal reform in China, large areas of farmlands are being converted from rural land to urban construction (residential, commercial and industrial) land. Taking Wuhan City in Hubei Province, China as a case study, we analyze land value creation by value creators includi...

Mongolia is a country with rich natural resources, including more than 70 million domesticated animals. The livestock sector is the traditional economic sector of Mongolia, and it is a major food source of the nation. Currently, the country faces an overgrazing problem caused by an increase in the number of animals whereas rangeland carrying capaci...

Recent research has indicated an increase in the likelihood and impact of tree failure. The potential for trees to fail relates to various biomechanical and physical factors. Strikingly, there seems to be an absence of tree risk assessment methods supported by observations, despite an increasing availability of variables and parameters measured by...

Next to heat and energy production, geothermal energy presents with opportunities for rural and suburban areas linking sustainable development goals with expansion of new local economy sectors. We conduct the shift share analysis for the ten municipality cases of the geothermal exploitation in Poland, comparing their employment structure with their...

In Ethiopia, large scale land investments have been expanding into pastoral regions. However, little is known about the consequences of these investments on the food security of the pastoral community. Using Living Standard Measurement Survey data of the World Bank, we find that, on average, about 32% of the respondents from the (agro-)pastoral reg...

The EU’s 2018 Bioeconomy Strategy Update and the European Green Deal recently confirmed that the bioeconomy is high on the political agenda in Europe. Here, we propose a conceptual analysis framework for quantifying and analyzing the development of the EU bioeconomy. The bioeconomy has several related concepts (e.g., bio-based economy, green econom...

Feeding the quickly growing population in Africa remains a global challenge. As the demand for food increases, climate change, on the other hand, poses more challenges to agricultural productivity, implying that the provision of sufficient quantities and qualities of food is threatened. Traditional leafy vegetables (TLVs) in Africa are resilient to...

p>Despite the purposeful governmental programs, agricultural cooperation in Russia is not developing—on the contrary, the number of cooperatives has been continuously declining. This study investigates the reasons for farmers' refusal to join cooperatives. A prepared questionnaire was distributed in one of the Russian regions (the Republic of Tatar...

Agricultural policies can only be effective if intended beneficiaries are sufficiently aware of them. This basic condition for policy success is substantially challenged by smallholder farmers’ lack of awareness of existing support schemes. We studied the perceptions of 600 farmers of preservation policies for the traditional Indonesian Ongole catt...

One of the key issues in collective action is whether stakeholders are able to realize commons governance through a trust‐based mode or control‐based mode. This paper, examines whether trust and control affect the commons governance for small‐scale irrigation facilities, and the moderating effects of group size on the relationship between trust and...

Farm diversification is an important component of rural development and policy in Europe. We examine the influence of neighbouring farms on farm diversification decisions. Our analysis investigates spill-over effects between farms and different activities in a spatial econometric framework. Using census data from about 66,000 farms in the Netherlan...

Agro‐pastoral areas in Ethiopia have been targeted by large scale land investments, particularly for the establishment of sugar plantations, since the 1970s. This has led to the displacement of local communities. We investigate the impact of this displacement due to large scale land investment on land degradation in semiarid agro‐pastoral areas in...

Farmers’ pro-environmental agricultural practices (PAPs) are important measures to limit agricultural pollution and improve farmland quality. Given the positive externality of PAPs, the Chinese government has proposed a series of farmland protection policies to encourage farmers to implement PAPs. However, land transfer, an increasingly common phen...

Agglomerations of agricultural activity yield a number of institutional and infrastructural benefits for farmers. However, these regional concentrations also increase competition between farmers. We quantify to what extent competitive pressure affects farmers’ behaviour in agro-clusters analysing a survey of 1,250 farmers in West Java. This assessm...

This paper investigates whether the endogenous geothermal energy resources used for local tourism facilities are a factor of local development. We answer this research question by examining the local socioeconomic development dynamics in years 1995–2015 in the six selected Polish municipalities that established geothermal spas at different years. A...

This dataset corresponds with the manuscript “The impact of geothermal resources on the competitiveness of municipalities: evidence from Poland” [1]. In the paper, the geothermal resources are assumed as a local competitive advantage for the municipalities that exploit them. In order to examine the relation between the exploitation of the geotherma...

Collective action in geographically concentrated farming regions can lead to improvements in farmer income. We model farmer cooperation inside such agro‐clusters as a two‐stage decision process. From 1,151 completely filled‐in questionnaires, we find that being located in an agro‐cluster increases farmers' likelihood to cooperate as well as enhance...

Many resource rich countries are poor, where many resource poor countries are rich. One of the possible explanations of this paradox called the ‘resource curse’ is the Dutch Disease. This paper aims to analyse this phenomenon with the help of a simple macroeconomic trade model. It presents a number of Dutch Disease Cases of which the ‘Norwegian Cas...

Mongolia has experienced rapid growth and a significant recession driven by commodity price swings over the last decade. The economic structure of Mongolia has changed as a result of growth and recession. The one on the main analysis of economic structure, changes and relations of sectors is an input-output technique that developed first by Wass...

The mining sector has become one of the main pillars in the Mongolian economy. Although the sector is the main driver of better export performance, it may also have a negative effect on traditional tradeable sectors and worsen their competitiveness. The study focuses on whether the Dutch disease symptoms have appeared in the Mongolian economy. A ti...

This chapter aims to apply the ecological concept of ‘resilience’ to the socio-economic development of the rural region. It argues that two elements are crucial for and prerequisite to ‘rural resilience’: (1) regional specialisation and, connected with that, the development of regional clusters; and (2) the regional ability to transform. In our vie...

The literature on the theory of public goods is voluminous. This chapter provides an overview of public goods related to rural amenities. Many of these amenities tend to be non-exclusive and rival (e.g. forests and irrigation systems), exclusive and subject to some rivalry (e.g. nature reserves) or non-exclusive and non-rival (e.g. scenic views and...

In addition to large-scale environmental benefits, geothermal resources are nowadays expected to deliver an endogenous competitive advantage. The aim of this paper is to investigate this phenomenon for Poland. Since geothermal resources are of an endogenous nature, we assume their competitive advantage character for eleven selected municipalities i...

Most recent research concerning biofuels focuses on their potential for mitigating climate change, while their rural development dimension is given less prominence. Ongoing policy debates, including EU and US biofuel policies, pay little attention to this feature of the industry. This paper explores the impact of biorefineries on rural development,...

This two-volume book provides an important overview to EU economic and policy issues related to the development of the bioeconomy. What have been the recent trends and what are the implications for future economic development and policy making? Where does EU bioeconomy policy sit within an international context and what are the financial frameworks...

This two-volume book provides an important overview to EU economic and policy issues related to the development of the bioeconomy. What have been the recent trends and what are the implications for future economic development and policy making? Where does EU bioeconomy policy sit within an international context and what are the financial frameworks...

This paper estimates the size of the Dutch Bio-Economy, based on its value added. Using consolidated input-output tables, the size of the Dutch Bio-Economy is estimated for the period 2008–2015 and future predictions are made for the period 2016–2020. During the period 2008–2015, the Dutch Bio-Economy has grown from 5.5% of the total Dutch value ad...

Mongolia is suffering from increased degradation and desertification of its rangelands. One of the main causal factors is that rangeland has remained a common pool resource whereas livestock has been designated as private property of herders. In recent years, community-based rangeland management approaches such as Pasture User Groups (PUGs) have be...

To prevent further biodiversity loss as a result of intensive agricultural practices, Agri-Environmental Schemes (AES) have been implemented on European farmland. Unfortunately these AES have not always been effective in terms of biodiversity and farmer participation. In an effort to improve the AES programme the Dutch government switched from an i...

Adverse environmental effects of intensive agriculture, together with scarcity in phosphates and water, urge farmers to find more sustainable practices. An example of such a sustainable practice is on-farm processing of organic waste. This paper explores three mechanisms that can lead to a widespread uptake of this technique: (1) economies of scale...

In this paper, the economic impact of non-standard activities on farms (NSAF) is analysed. After a discussion of NSAF, the export base theory is introduced as the analytical tool to assess its regional economic impact. The theory is applied to the Province of Zeeland in the Netherlands for the period 1998–2008. The first conclusion is that employme...

The aim of this paper is to understand and evaluate agricultural sustainability in the Stavropol Territory by means of a composite indicator. In particular, the paper applies principal component analyses to calculate a composite sustainability index by integration of selected economic, social and environmental indicators. The results demonstrate th...

What impact has the Brexit on the allocation of money from the structural funds? As the UK is a net contributor to the EU budget, the budget for Structural and Cohesion Policy will shrink. This will have an impact on the allocations of the structural funds to the remaining members of the EU. In order to estimate the allocation of the structural fun...

Cooperatives are established to improve farmers' production conditions, to increase their bargaining power and to enable them to benefit from modern value chains. In China, farmers are members of a cooperative for multiple reasons. Little is known on whether and how cooperative membership affects farmers’ choice of marketing channels. This paper ex...

Mongolia has experienced rapid growth and significant recession driven by commodity swings over the last decade. The economic structure of Mongolia has changed as a result of a growth and recession. The one of the main analysis of economic structure, changes and relations of sectors is an input-output technique that developed first by Wassily W. Le...

This paper investigates how land tenure reform has affected livestock production in the pastoral areas of China. County-level data for Inner Mongolia between 1985 and 2008 are used in a fixed effects model to disentangle the effects of land tenure reform on livestock production from factors related to market forces, grassland condition, technologic...

Feeding the quickly growing population in Africa remains a global challenge. As the demand for food increases, climate change, on the other hand, poses more challenges to agricultural productivity, implying that the provision of sufficient quantities and qualities of food is threatened. Traditional leafy vegetables (TLVs) in Africa are resilient to...

A series of Ecological Construction Programs have been initiated to protect the condition of grasslands in China during recent decades. However, grassland degradation is still severe and conditions have not been restored as intended. This paper aims to empirically examine the effectiveness of these programs for protecting the grassland condition in...

Neighbouring economies are likely to influence one another. The concentration of farming activities referred to as an agro-cluster generates opportunities for income and employment in a given region and its surrounding area. We analyse the link between poverty rates and agro-clusters by accounting for spatial perspective. To quantify agro-clusters,...

Neighbouring economies are likely to influence one another. The concentration of farming activities referred to as an ‘agro-cluster’ generates opportunities for income and employment in a given region and its surrounding area. We analyse the link between poverty rates and agro-clusters by accounting for spatial spillovers. To quantify agroclusters,...

Desde el 2010, Curazao es un país autónomo del Reino de los Países Bajos. El gobierno desea apoyar el desarrollo turístico, sin embargo existen varias estrategia de desarrollo posibles. Este artículo presenta cuatro escenarios de estrategias de marketing e inversión que afectarán el número de turistas provenientes de los Países Bajos y América del...

We study the economic impact of world trade on the throughput in the Port of Rotterdam and the regional economy of Rotterdam-Rijnmond. We use a two-step approach. In the first step we analyze the relationship between world trade and the port’s throughput. In the second step we deal with the impact of the port’s throughput on regional economic indic...

The subject area Regional Economics has become topical. This means that in economic analyses the production factor 'space' is of increasing importance. This study book aims to integrate space in the area of General Economics in an analytical way. Models and their applications play a major role in the book's approach. The subject of regional economi...

In this article, we calculate the economic impact of pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in the NUTS 2 region Galicia (Spain) in 2010. This economic impact is relevant to policymakers and other stakeholders dealing with religious tourism in Galicia. The analysis is based on the Input-Output model. Location Quotient formulas are used to derive the...

The geographical concentration of farming activities can promote institutional innovations for farmers. Sharing resources, knowledge, and markets in clustered regions lead to the income improvements of farmers. We explore such advantages for smallholder farmers in West Java of Indonesia by accounting for their behaviors toward horizontal cooperatio...

Agro-clusters would allow farmers to acquire positive and negative externalities. On one hand, smallholder farmers in spatial proximity are likely to benefit from this concentration; on the other hand, they incur high competitive pressure from other neighboring farmers. We examine the link between this pressure and agro-clusters by controlling for...

Most irrigated lands of Central Asia suffer from land degradation, and unsustainable agricultural practices are one of the factors contributing to land degradation. Conservation agriculture (CA) is seen as a way to mitigate land degradation and rationalize resource use. The aim of this article is to investigate the efficiency of CA implementation i...

In tourism management traditional Input-Output models are often applied to calculate economic impacts, including employment impacts. This model implies that increases in output are translated into proportional increases in labour, implying constant labour productivity. In Non-Linear Input Output (NLIO) models final demand changes lead to substituti...

The paper deals with the subject Transition economy and happiness - a case study of the Czech Republic in a comparison with The Netherlands in the 1990-2004 period. The paper addresses the following two questions: 1. How has the level of happiness changed since 199 0 in the Czech Republic and in The Netherlands? 2. Are there differences with respec...

This research note compares the results of the relationship between happiness and GDP in the EU based upon unweighted data with the results based upon weighted data. The data are weighted in order to correct for the different sizes of the populations in the EU countries concerned. The result of the weighting is an even stronger relationship beween...

This article examines whether relationships between social capital characteristics and the willingness of farmers to cooperate in collective action is moderated by the farmers' income level. We employed a structural equation model to analyze the influence of social capital components (social networks, interpersonal trust, social reciprocity, and so...

In this study we analyzed state-level economic impacts of medical tourism in Malaysia. In Malaysia, a country that ranks among the world’s most recognized medical tourism destinations, medical tourism is identified as a potential economic growth engine for both medical and non-medical sectors. A state-level analysis of economic impacts is important...

In this chapter we compare four methods to generate a regional input-output table (RIOT). A RIOT is a requirement for a regional input-output (IO) analysis and any over- or underestimation of regional input-output coefficients (RIOCs), contained in the RIOT, can lead to over- or underestimation of economic impacts. One category of methods that can...

We investigate whether milk quota abolition in the Netherlands is likely to lead to a shift towards more intensive farms, and whether the legislation introduced by the Dutch government to prevent this from happening is likely to be effective. To this end, a mathematical programming model is developed and applied to ten Dutch dairy farms of varying...

This paper focuses on the size of the Dutch bio-economy. With the help of consolidated input-output tables, the size of the bio-economy in terms of value added is estimated for the years 2008–2012. It appears that in the Netherlands, during the period indicated, its share in national production slowly rose from 6.7% in 2008–7.2% in 2012.

What are the labour market perspectives for MBA graduates in 2015? Each year the GMAC carries out a year-end poll to find out the hiring plans of the employers with respect to graduates in business studies. This short notes presents the most important results for MBA graduates.

Divergences in preferences over the allocation of rural land among stakeholders are getting stronger with the decrease of rural land area. This paper analyses the degree of divergences among different stakeholders over the allocation of four types of land: cultivated land, grassland, forest and other land, and explores the optimal allocation from t...