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The Earth's mantle transition zone, located at 410–660 km depth, has been identified as a possible global water reservoir, responsible for regulating the mass of Earth's oceans over geologic time. Water is transported in hydrated minerals to the transition zone by the subduction of plates and it is returned to the oceans by p...
Deep mantle plumes imaged by seismic tomography have much larger radii (∼400 km) than predicted by conventional geodynamic models (∼100 km). Plume buoyancy fluxes estimated from surface topography concur with narrow plumes with low viscosities expected from their high temperatures. If plumes are thick as imaged by tomography, buoyancy flux estimate...
SS precursor imaging is used to image sharp interfaces within Earth’s mantle. Current SS precursor techniques require tightly bandpassed signals (e.g., 0.02-0.05 Hz), limiting both vertical and horizontal resolution. Higher frequency content would allow for the detection of finer structure in and around the mantle transition zone (MTZ). Here, we pr...
Surface-wave arrival angles are an important secondary set of observables to constrain Earth’s 3D structure. These data have also been used to refine information on the alignments of horizontal seismometer components with the geographic coordinate system. In the past, particle motion has been inspected and analyzed on single three-component seismog...
Aerially-deployed plastic landmines in post-conflict nations present unique detection and disposal challenges. Their small size, randomized distribution during deployment , and low-metal content make these mines more difficult to identify using traditional methods of electromagnetic mine detection. Perhaps the most notorious of these mines is the S...
Use of landmines as a weapon of unconventional warfare rapidly increased in armed conflicts of the last century and some estimates suggest that least 100 million remain in place across post-conflict nations. Among munitions and explosives of concern (MECs), aerially deployed plastic anti-personnel mines are particularly challenging in terms of thei...
