William Cox

Cox Software Architects LLC

We describe EML-CTS, new open source software from The Energy Mashup Lab. EML-CTS is an adaptable open source implementation of the Common Transactive Services (CTS), which were initially described in the NIST Transactive Energy Challenge in 2016. The evolved specification for CTS will be submitted for standardization in 2020. We describe how we is...

We provide insight on using micromarkets [1] based on Transactive Energy (TE) to enable edge-based decision-making in energy production and consumption, increasing value with local markets which simplify transport costing, and flexible resilient reconfiguration, enhancing reliability for energy producers and consumers. We describe how to design sys...

We describe some considerations for applying transactive energy to microgrids and grids. A broader view of business and policy approaches, in addition to practical application considerations, will help design and build more robust grids. For example, decoupling and avoiding assumptions of uniform objectives is important for all grids. We start with...

We show how transactive techniques and Structured Energy address fault containment, resilience, and recovery. By applying the structured energy description of a grid as a topology of microgrids, including nesting, union, and intersection, we demonstrate a new way to understand fault resilience, containment, and recovery. Factoring operations manage...

We formally describe a topology of microgrids, including nesting, union, and intersection. By applying both market techniques and electrical switching we increase the value of autonomous microgrids by factoring operations management into microgrid management and cross-microgrid management, reducing the complexity of each, and simplifying architectu...

This paper describes microgrids in the smart grid architecture, autonomous systems interacting through the Energy Services Interface as defined by the OASIS Energy Interoperation [1] specification. We define for the purposes of system architecture what a microgrid is. The several types of existing microgrids are defined, based on the motivations of...

Demand optimization will be crucial as we move forward. In particular, we need to increase generation capacity utilization without having to build peaking plants and other reserve generation to meet forecasted demand and facilitate the penetration of renewable and other intermittent sources of energy. To this end, we need to enable suitable pricing...

One of the key Demand Response applications involves the use of smart appliances and devices within a facility (residential or small commercial buildings) that can be programmed and automated to respond to DR signals (that could be either pricing signals or other energy curtailment signals) arriving from a utility, wholesale market, or a 3 rd party...

The enterprise integration-style interfaces and information models in the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Systems (OASIS) collaborative energy standards are designed to address information exchange across the smart grid. This paper examines two key types of information exchange to demonstrate the ability of these standard...

Markets are the proven best means to balance supply and demand. Central allocation techniques such as Demand Response are less efficient; the need for baselines for curtailment introduce complexity and significant incentives for gaming; attempting to compose markets for curtailment with broader markets for energy and power introduces mismatches in...

One of the key DR applications involves the use of smart appliances and devices within a facility (residential or small commercial buildings) that can be programmed and automated to respond to DR signals (that could be either pricing signals or other energy curtailment signals) arriving from a utility, wholesale market, or a 3 rd party energy servi...

Clear communication of product and price is essential to any economic interaction. Energy pricing varies according to regulatory regime and social policy across the country. The outcome of these various approaches can be summarized in all cases as a simple price. Clear standards for communicating that price are necessary for the development of nati...

Collaboration is of the essence of smart grids. Smart grids enable participants to collaborate to align energy supply and demand. The architecturally significant interfaces of smart grids are those that are at boundaries between the collaborating entities. These interfaces minimally constrain the parties on either side while providing effective con...

Clear communication of product and price is essential to any economic interaction. Energy pricing varies according to regulatory regime and social policy across the country. The outcome of these various approaches can be summarized in all cases as a simple price. Clear standards for communicating that price are necessary for the development of nati...

While the core operations of the grid attract the most smart grid attention, the most important smart interactions will come from the grid's end nodes which include industrial facilities, commercial buildings and homes. The end nodes do not have the constraints on technological risk and on diversity that the core grid does. Individual owners and op...

We discuss application of electronic commerce technologies to building and energy management. Our examples focus on home systems, but the techniques apply virtually unchanged to commercial and industrial environments. Traditional power grid / home interactions involve low-level control interactions and direct communication with the target devices....

eCommerce, plug-in hybrid car, real time pricing, demand shaping, energy management, SOA We discuss application of electronic commerce technologies to building and energy management. Our examples focus on home systems, but the techniques apply virtually unchanged to commercial and industrial environments. Traditional power grid / home interactions...

This document contains requirements for the minimal set of metadata for OASIS artifacts, the scheme for naming artifacts, namespace and naming schemes, and the definition of persistent URIs for OASIS artifacts. Status: This is an approved TAB Document.

NOTE: superseded by DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1356.0723 "Artifact Standard Identification Scheme for Metadata 1.0" first author William Cox

ions of the many different input/output devices 5.2.2 Related Standards and References Many different user interface styles define user interface objects which need to be supported by rendition management. These styles include: Apple Computer, Macintosh Human Interface Guidelines, Reading, MA: AddisonWesley, 1992 International Business Machines (IB...