Wei Liang Jin

Zhejiang University | ZJU · Institute of Structural Engineering

Chloride-induced corrosion of marine reinforced concrete structures involves numerous uncertainties related to environmental exposure zone. The exposure zone is strongly correlated with surface chloride content, which exhibits significant spatiotemporal variability. In this study, the scale of fluctuation of the chloride content in different exposu...

The present experimental and analytical study conducted a 710-day creep experiment on high-performance concrete(HPC) with a loading period of 45–260 days. The effects of the loading period on the shrinkage, elastic modulus, and creep of HPC, as well as the deviation from the prediction results of the ordinary concrete model, were examined. The resu...

A UHPC bridge deck joint structure is proposed herein in order to meet the requirements for the rapid construction of a multi-span concrete simply-supported T-beam bridge and long-term stress resistance of the bridge deck joint structure. Particular consideration is paid to the reasonable selection of high-performance materials to ensure the durabl...

To solve the problem of durability deterioration of cracked concrete structures in coastal environments, this study investigates the effect of repairing loading cracks and corrosive cracks. In particular, the immediate and long-term effects of combining electrochemical repair technology with traditional repair methods were studied. After the repair...

The cement manufacturing industry, a resource- and energy-intensive sector, took up more than 15% of total greenhouse gas emissions in China, thus finding a clean technology option for sustainable development is essential. CO2 curing has emerged as a promising novel method for large-scale carbon sequestration and mechanical properties improvement o...

The random distribution of aggregates plays a key role in the variation of steel corrosion morphology in chloride-contaminated RC structures. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of random aggregate distribution on the regularity and variability of steel corrosion morphology through probabilistic analysis based on numerical sim...

For prefabricated concrete structures constructed by the wet joining process, appropriate damage indicators need to be adopted to characterize fatigue damage development considering the effects of interface damage. In this study, through the cyclic load testing of 12 prefabricated concrete composite beam specimens with three different cross-section...

Current studies have shown that using magnetic field change around the ferromagnetic material to characterize the fatigue damage is very effective, but researches on using metal magnetic memory (MMM) technique to detect fatigue damage are mostly limited to the material level. There are few studies on the mechanism of the magnetic signal change or n...

For chloride-contaminated reinforced concrete (RC) structures, sacrificial anode cathodic protection (SACP) is an effective method to control steel corrosion. However, some adverse phenomenon, such as insufficient protection current or excessive anode consumption, might affect system operation. The motivation of this work is to optimize SACP system...

In this study, mode-I high-cycle fatigue tests were conducted on smooth standard specimens manufactured from HRB400 steel bars, prefabricated with a semi-ellipsoid corrosion pit. Fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior was predicted using the FCG model, based on linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). During the fatigue process, an online piezomagnet...

Shear transfer at concrete-to-concrete interfaces under direct shear is of great significance to the performance of concrete structures. In this study, a series of direct shear specimens with concrete-to-concrete interfaces were designed by considering the normal pressure, longitudinal reinforcement, and coupling effects. Adding reinforcement or no...

Social dimensions, as one of the three pillars of sustainability, are commonly not fully considered in the planning, bidding, and design processes of construction projects, primarily due to a lack of standardized estimation methods. Despite the potential economic and social benefits of these projects, they may lead to various negative social impact...

There are a large number of concrete bonding interfaces in assembled concrete structures. Moreover, the problems of deformation and coordination at the interfaces lead to weak bonding under shrinkage and creep. The theoretical methods and analytical solutions for the long-term performance of composite structures in recent literatures are relatively...

In order to study the effect of Bidirectional Electromigration (BIEM) in cracked coastal concrete, the influence of the relative position and width of a crack on chloride removal and corrosion inhibition was ascertained through numerical simulation and experimental research. The results showed that, in the power-on state, the current in the crack w...

As a ferromagnetic material, the magnetization of ribbed steel bars will change with the development of fatigue damage under cyclic loading, which can be used to evaluate the fatigue damage state of steel bars. However, the quantitative relationship between fatigue damage and the variation in magnetization is still unclear, and the existing magneto...

Generally, the fatigue failure of reinforced concrete beams under the coupled action of fatigue and corrosion is mainly controlled by the brittle fracture of the steel bar, confirming the significance of the fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of the steel bar. In this regard, FCG tests of opening mode I were conducted based on standard compact spe...

Steel bars in concrete structures can become severely corroded in chloride salt-containing environments, which can shorten the service life of the structure. Bidirectional electromigration rehabilitation (BIEM), a novel type of durability repair technology used on reinforced-concrete (RC) structures experiencing chloride corrosion, involves applyin...

Electrochemical rehabilitation (ER) techniques usually serve as non-destructive methods for addressing the durability hazards of reinforced concrete (RC) structures and for effectively improving their durability. However, the bond damage induced by ER can detrimentally impact the fatigue stiffness of the RC beams. To investigate the effects of ER o...

Porosity evolution caused by electrochemical chloride removal (ECR) process can affect the transport behaviour of concrete and vice versa. The main task in this investigation is to quantitatively understand the porosity evolution effect on ECR process, and find a more accurate model that gives good correlation with the experimental results concerni...

Bidirectional electromigration rehabilitation (BIEM) technology is a novel method to improve the durability of existing reinforced concrete structures. BIEM repair effects are proportional to operation time, which is applied during the process of different durability degradation of concrete structures. In this paper, three different durability dete...

Bidirectional electromigration rehabilitation (BIEM) is a novel electrochemical rehabilitation method involving the injection of inhibitors into steel bar surface. The BIEM effect and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) risk depend on the electrochemical parameters (current density and duration) and operating condition (stress level and concrete cover thic...

Silane impregnation is a widely used surface protection method in practical engineering for enhancing the durability performance of concrete structures in chloride rich environments. Here a probabilistic model, together with the statistical properties of model parameters, is proposed, to determine the service life extension effect contributed by th...

Chloride ion is one of the most important factors leading to the corrosion of steel bar embedded in marine concrete structures. The chloride induced corrosion is also considered harmful to the service life and durability of structures. Electrochemical chloride removal (ECR) is a nondestructive method, which can be used to terminate the corrosion an...

Concern has been expressed in the recent decades about the corrosion prediction of concrete structures in a chloride environment. This paper summarises the corrosion prediction models developed for chloride-contaminated concrete, including both the empirical and electrochemical corrosion models. The definition methods of the steel de-passivation pr...

The research presented here investigated the relationship between piezomagnetic signals and fatigue damage in ribbed steel bars. Two groups of HRB400 ribbed steel bars were separately tested using either uniaxial static or cyclic tensile loading. Subsequent piezomagnetic signals were recorded in real-time. Results demonstrated that there was a rela...

Anchorage systems have been proven to efficiently prevent or postpone debonding of reinforced concrete structures strengthened in flexure with fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) laminate or sheet. Although extensive studies on the effect of anchorage systems on intermediate crack debonding and end debonding of strengthened members have been performed,...

Electrochemical rehabilitation (ER) techniques are very efficient and non-destructive methods to improve the durability of existing concrete structures. However, the induced bond damage between steel bar and concrete will affect the mechanical properties. In order to investigate the effect of ER on the static mechanical properties of concrete struc...

This paper describes the corrosion process of reinforcing steel under both chloride attack and mechanical loading. Molecular dynamics simulation is adopted to investigate the evolution process of passive film and oxidation process of reinforcement. The mean square displacement and self-diffusion coefficient of O2 under different conditions are also...

Steel bars embedded in reinforced concrete are vulnerable to corrosion in high chloride environments. Bidirectional electromigration rehabilitation (BIEM) is a novel method to enhance the durability of reinforced concrete by extracting chloride out of concrete and introducing an inhibitor to the surface of the steel bar under the action of an elect...

Monitoring the entire process of concrete corrosion is critical for assessing the remaining life of the structure and determining if maintenance is needed. In this study, the long-distance embedded optical fiber sensor (LEOFS) and the embedded corrosion optical fiber sensor (ECOFS) were both embedded to form a smart reinforced concrete beam that co...

Concrete cover separation is one of the premature debonding failure modes commonly observed when strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams that use externally bonded fibre-reinforced polymer (EB-FRP) become delaminated. Anchorage systems, which postpone or prevent debonding, have proven to be an effective method to achieve higher levels of FRP u...

This paper investigated the cracking behaviour and flexural capacity of beams under simultaneous sustained loading and steel corrosion. Chloride ions were electro-migrated into the concrete beams, and then DC current, coupled with wetting and drying cycles, was applied to accelerate the steel corrosion. During the steel corrosion, the beams were su...

This study aims to explore the durability issues regarding chloride ion corrosion of concrete structures, and further investigates the modified supplementary cementitious material (MSCM) which acts as a significant enhancer of performance of mortar and concrete. The composition of MSCM includes mineral slag powder, fly ash and inhibitor. The micros...

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are characterized by a large rupture strain (LRS) (usually larger than 5%) but a low elastic modulus compared to conventional FRP materials made of carbon, glass, and aramid fibers. Previous studies have proved that the use of PET FRP sheets as jacketing materials for plain...

A series of tests on concrete-filled steel tubes (CFSTs) with reinforcing bars or angles under axial tension were conducted in this study. In total, thirteen full scale specimens having length of 4000 mm and outer diameter of 400 mm were tested. The steel tubes were fabricated from structural steel with nominal yield strength of 460 MPa and nominal...

Corrosion products at the steel/concrete interface of specimens subjected to different environments were examined. The process of generation of the corrosion product-filled paste (CP), including the corrosion products filling in air voids, was observed. The tiny cracks caused by the artificially accelerated corrosion process were observed to favour...

Because steel corrosion not only directly induces the cracking of the concrete cover but also participates in mechanical interactions during the concrete cover cracking process, this chapter investigates the composition, expansion coefficient, and elastic modulus of steel corrosion products. The rust expansion coefficients corresponding to the diff...

This chapter investigates rust distribution at the steel–concrete interface and finds the penetration of corrosion products into the porous zone of concrete and the formation of a corrosion layer (CL) at the steel–concrete interface process simultaneously after the initiation of steel corrosion, although not separately. As the thickness of CL, TCL,...

Damage mechanics and elastic mechanics are utilized to study the stresses and strains in the surrounding concrete during the corrosion-induced cracking process and the amount of steel corrosion at the cracking of the concrete cover by taking into account the mechanical properties of both uncracked and cracked concrete as well as the rust products....

Electrochemically corroded reinforced concrete specimens are observed by a digital microscope and a scanning electron microscope to study the critical thickness of the corrosion layer at concrete inner and outer surface cracking; the rust distributed at the steel–concrete interface and in corrosion-induced cracks are also investigated. This study f...

A reinforced concrete specimen subjected to wetting–drying cycles was investigated. The rust distribution was observed by digital microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. This study observes five regions around the interface of steel and concrete: concrete, corrosion products-filled paste, mill scale, the corrosion layer (CL), and steel. This s...

This chapter reviews a number of empirical and analytical models to describe the cracking process of concrete, that is, induced by steel corrosion. The predictable performance and the comparison of empirical models are discussed. This chapter introduces the three-stage corrosion-induced cracking model, which has been widely accepted. The research a...

This paper summarizes the experimental and analytical investigation on performance of polymer cement mortar (PCM)-concrete interfaces and PCM overlaid reinforced concrete (RC) beams at temperature level of 20, 40 and 60 °C. At material level, bonding were tested by conducting interfacial split tensile strength test and bi-surface shear strength tes...

Based on the experimental investigation and numerical simulation, the punching shear failure mode of concrete-filled steel tubular CHS (circular hollow section) connections in axial tension was investigated. A finite element model was established using ABAQUS and verified against test results. It is shown that the developed model predicts the ultim...

A series of tests on the concrete-filled tubular gusset plate T–connections is presented in this paper. Three different loading conditions, including axial tension, eccentric tension and in-plane bending, were applied to the brace. The chord wall slenderness ratio (D/t) of the test specimens ranged from 48 to 75. The material properties of the stee...

Corrosion cracking of reinforced concrete caused by chloride salt is one of the main determinants of structure durability. Monitoring the entire process of concrete corrosion cracking is critical for assessing the remaining life of the structure and determining if maintenance is needed. Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensing technology is extensively de...

Triethylenetetramine (TETA), a corrosion inhibitor for steel in aqueous media, was introduced into chloride-contaminated concrete specimens using a novel method called bidirectional electromigration rehabilitation (BIEM). An electric field was applied between the embedded steel cathodes and external anodes to inject the corrosion inhibitor from the...

When steel corrosion happens in concrete, the corrosion products migrate to the pores at the steel/concrete interface. The relationship between the thickness of the corrosion product-filled paste (CP) and that of the corrosion layer (CL) was analysed and established. This relationship can describe the phenomenon that the corrosion products are fill...

Corrosion layers at the steel/concrete interfaces of two reinforced concrete specimens subjected to chloride ion ingress were observed and measured by SEM. A Gaussian function was used to model the distribution of the non-uniform corrosion. The physical meaning of the parameters in the Gaussian model is confirmed mathematically and the relationship...

Reinforced concrete structures subjected to harmful outside ions may be at risk of durability failure. Electrochemical rehabilitation can be applied to improve the durability and prolong the service life of reinforced concrete structures. However, electrochemical treatment may cause side effects such as hydrogen embrittlement, changes in porosity,...

The behavior of thin-walled dodecagonal section double skin concrete-filled steel tubes under bending was studied in this paper. Both experimental investigation and finite element analysis (FEA) were carried out. A total of 7 specimens were tested with the beam length of 2000 mm. The width to thickness ratio of the outer steel tube ranged from 75 t...

In this paper, an experimental study is presented on the influence of PET warping on shear performance, such as diagonal shear cracking load, peak load, and energy dissipation of RC columns with stirrup corrosion before strengthening. The experimental program involved an electrochemical process to accelerate the migration of chlorides from an exter...

A TCP–TCL model is established to describe the relationship between the thickness of the corrosion-filled paste (CP) and that of the corrosion layer (CL). This model can describe the phenomenon that the corrosion filling in the concrete pores and accumulating at the steel/concrete interface occur synchronously. Based on the TCP–TCL model, a corrosi...

Experimental investigation was conducted on corroded composite push-out specimens to study the behavior of shear studs subjected to fatigue loading. A total of eight standard EC4 push-out specimens were tested. The expected corrosion rate of test specimens ranged from 0 to 50%. The main purpose of these tests was to determine the fatigue life and t...

This paper aims to reveal the relationship between typical early-age and long-term properties of concrete structures, in order to select proper early-age indexes to predict or evaluate the long-term performance of concrete structures. Four groups of concrete specimens were prepared in different construction scenarios. Cube compressive strength, air...

This paper aims to study the stress concentration factors (SCF) of thin-walled concrete-filled circular hollow section (CHS) T-, Y-, K-, and KT-joints subjected to axial tension loading. Experiment was performed to investigate the Hot Spot Stress distribution along the intersection of chord and brace. Eleven test specimens with self compacting conc...

This study investigated four groups of reinforced concrete specimens with different replacement percentages of recycled aggregate (RA). The corrosion-induced crack development in the concrete cover was investigated with a digital microscope, and the total circumferential crack widths at different radii were measured. A linear model was adopted to d...

Electromigration based bidirectional electromigration rehabilitation (BIEM) technology was used to study the changing rule of protective layer strength in reinforced concrete blocks for repair. The protective layer strength was measured under different electric parameters, water cement ratios, initial chloride salt contents and surface carbonation...

Expansion and cracking induced by the corrosion of reinforcement concrete is the major factor in the failure of concrete durability. Therefore, monitoring of concrete cracking is critical for evaluating the safety of concrete structures. In this paper, we introduce a novel monitoring method combining Brillouin optical time domain analysis (BOTDA) a...

A series of tests on dodecagonal section double skin concrete-filled steel columns (DCS) were carried out in this study. Column specimens having different lengths ranged from 1000 mm to 3500 mm were tested. The behavior and strengths of dodecagonal section double skin concrete-filled steel columns were investigated. In addition, local bucking of in...

A series of tests on the concrete-filled tubular circular hollow section (CHS) connections is presented in this paper. Four types (T, Y, K, and KT) of 12 connections were tested. The tests covered two different chord wall slenderness ratios (D/t) of 60 and 75. The test specimens were first welded by steel tubes to form connections, and then self-co...

Relativistic information entropy was introduced by considering the uncertainties in multi-environmental time similarity (METS) theory for the purpose of predicting the service time of new coastal concrete structures. The similarity ratios of surface chloride concentration and diffusion coefficient between indoor accelerated and outdoor natural envi...

Experimental investigation of thin-walled concrete-filled steel tube columns with reinforced lattice angle was conducted in this study. The lattice angle was designed to reinforce the concrete-filled steel tube columns by increasing the percentage of steel cross-sectional area. Column specimens having different lengths ranged from 500 mm to 3500 mm...

Corrosion of steel reinforcement due to chloride penetration is a major deterioration mechanism of reinforced concrete (RC) structures exposed to marine environments. In the present paper, a probabilistic model is presented to predict the chloride penetration profile in concrete and the risk of steel corrosion considering the time dependence of bot...

This study investigated four types of concrete that had deteriorated by wet–dry cycles coupled with DC power. The thicknesses of the corrosion-filled paste, T CP, and the corrosion layer, T CL, were measured by SEM in backscattered electron mode. A sudden increase of T CP near the inner crack is observed. As T CL grows, T CP develops gradually unti...

An amine-based corrosion inhibitor for steel in aqueous media was introduced into reinforced concrete specimens mixed with chloride through a novel method called bidirectional electro-migration rehabilitation (BIEM) in order to improve the remediation effect on chloride-contaminated reinforced concrete structures without damage. An electrical field...

The leakage and steel corrosion would become serious issues once the crack widths exceed the specified values. It will bring negative affection to the integrity and safety of reinforced concrete structure. Therefore, cracking monitoring acts as an important role for structures safety evaluation. Distributed optical fiber sensor(BOTDA/R)can effectiv...

The main objectives of this study are to investigate the effects of three types of predamage and postdamage on the cracking behaviors of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP)-strengthened reinforced concrete RC beams and to develop a rational methodology for predicting the average stabilized crack spacing. The predamage is induced by either sustai...

Expansion and cracking induced by chloride corrosion is one of the main deterioration issues affecting the durability of reinforced concrete. Monitoring the whole process of expansion and cracking acts as an important role for remaining service life evaluation and strategic repairing decision making. The distributed optical fiber sensing technology...

The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of precorrosion and postcorrosion damage on concrete jacketed RC columns under uniaxial loading and to develop a rational methodology for predicting the corresponding compressive strength. The predamage and postdamage involved an electrochemical process to accelerate the migration of chl...

This paper presents a stochastic damage model for evaluating the internal deterioration of concrete due to freeze–thaw action, which involves great uncertainty and randomness. In this model, the structural element of concrete is discretized into infinite microelements, whose lifetimes are assumed to be independent random variables. Then expressions...

When more than one loads act on a structure,the combination of stochastic loads is generally considered in the design of the structure,Based on the theoretical derivation and numerical calculation analysis to the process of two common loads in Poisson square wave and Poisson impulse this paper presents the combination method of loads.i.e. The maxim...

Pile foundation of offshore platform is very important. Earthquake is devastating and unpredictable.It is important to assess the reliability of pile foundation of offshore jacket platforms subjected to seismic action. This paper presents the approach to calibrate of reliability of pile foundation subjected to seismic action. The combination of loa...

To evaluate the behavior of the advanced unbonded pre-stressed concrete containment vessel (UPCCV) for one typical China nuclear power plant under Japan's March 11 earthquake, five nonlinear time history analysis and a nonlinear static analysis of a 1:10 scale UPCCV structure have been carried out with MSC.MARC finite element program. Comparisons b...

Using Limpet pull-off test for concrete strength prediction has now been accepted in standards of the UK, North America, Holland and some other countries. For its application in China, pull-off tests were carried out by using the Limpet in this study. Concrete specimens with four different mixtures and strength classes were cast, representing the n...

The corrosion of reinforcements induced by chloride has resulted to be one of the most frequent causes of their premature damage. Most corrosion sensors were designed to monitor corrosion state in concrete, such as Anode-Ladder-System and Corrowatch System, which are widely used to monitor chloride ingress in marine concrete. However, the monitorin...

The remit of the UK–China Science Bridge is to accelerate deployment of research knowledge in sustainable solutions for the built environment developed at Queen’s University Belfast, to high-ranking partner universities and research institutions in China. To achieve this, proof of concept studies are being undertaken at key Chinese universities and...

Offshore jacket platforms under complicated and changeful ocean environments are subjected to various stochastic actions such as actions of wave, current, wind, ice, earthquake and their combinations. This paper presented the approach to calibrate of the reliability of the offshore jacket platform, and suggested all kinds of associated load cases....

In order to investigate the mechanical performance of HRB500 rebar in concrete beams, a test program of 7 reinforced concrete beams using HRB500 rebar was performed and a corresponding numerical model was established. Based on the axial force and bending moment equilibrium equation on beam section, as well as the translational equilibrium equations...

This paper presents an innovative solution for steel-concrete composite beams under hogging moment. Compared to normal composite beams, additional concrete was cast inside the steel box girder of these innovative composite beams, aimed to increase the resistance to hogging moment. Bending tests were performed on three series of beams including four...

Amines and alkanolamines are the basic components of corrosion inhibitors for electrochemical injection. This work experimentally investigated the effectiveness of an amine-based inhibitor, guanidine, in preventing the chloride-induced corrosion of carbon steel or halting the corrosion process of precorroded steel in chloride-contaminated simulated...

A series of bending tests of thin-walled concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST) were presented in this study. A total of 4 specimens were tested, two square specimens and two rectangular specimens, with width to wall thickness ratio ranging from 50 to 100. The load–displacement curves, failure mode and ultimate capacity of test specimens were obtained....

A study on the bending strength of design of thin-walled centrifugal concrete-filled steel tubes was conducted in this study. An accurate finite element model of centrifugal concrete-filled steel tubes was developed using the finite element program ABAQUS. Centrifugal concrete-filled steel tubes different cross sections and material properties were...

The corrosion of reinforcement induced by chloride has is one of the most frequent causes of their premature damage. Most corrosion sensors were designed to monitor the corrosion state in concrete, such as the Anode-Ladder-System of Germany and the Force Corrowatch of Denmark, are widely used to monitor chloride penetration in marine concrete. Howe...

This paper studies the fatigue crack propagation assessment for the deepwater semi-submersible platform. The model of fatigue crack propagation and the calculation method of fatigue life for platform structures are introduced. The global strength and fatigue lives of the platform in different sea-state are analyzed to determine the fatigue key part...