Warda Abdelgadir

• Ph.D Veterinary Toxicology
• Food Research Centre, Sudan

Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical found in plastics and consumer goods, significantly impacts fertility in female rats, disrupting oocyte maturation, ovulation, and sperm quality, leading to impaired implantation and embryonic development. Further research is needed to develop strategies to mitigate BPA's reproductive toxicity. Materials...

Abstract: Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical found in plastics and consumer goods, significantly impacts fertility in female rats, disrupting oocyte maturation, ovulation, and sperm quality, leading to impaired implantation and embryonic development. Further research is needed to develop strategies to mitigate BPA's reproductive toxicity....

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of repeated freeze-thaw cycles on microorganisms, amino acid composition profile, chemical composition, mineral concentrations, water mobility, and fat of beef and chicken meats. Pure cultures of specific fungi and bacteria were separately injected into the minced meat. Apart from Pseudomon...

The present study aimed to determine chemical composition of Jibna-beida produced at small scale-level in Dueim city, the largest market of Jibna-beida in Sudan. The results showed that the protein content of cheese ranged from 14.17 ± 0.058% to 15.73 ± 0.150%, with an average value of 14.57%. Statistically, no significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) in...

The effects of Bisphenol A (BPA), carbimazole and thyroxine on thyroid gland were investigated in 40 Wistar rats assigned as untreated controls, BPA (20 µg/kg/day), carbimazole (5 mg/day), and thyroxine (25 µg/day) orally by gavage. Each group contained 10 rats, 5 males and 5 females. BPA and carbimazole caused hypothyroidism within 30 days. The co...

Bisphenol A is an industrial chemical widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonates (PCs), epoxy resins, and other polymeric materials. In this study the toxicity of different doses of oral bisphenol A to wistar rats was investigated. bisphenol A was given to rats at 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 µg/kg body weight /day for 12 weeks. All the treated rats had...

This study aims to enhance the color and microbiological qualities of a raw beef using natural ingredients. Nitroso-hemoglobin (NO-Hb) integrated with vitamin C (VC), calcium lactate, and ginger complexation were used as natural inhibitors against the growth of aerobic and pathogenic bacteria, namely (Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aure...

Furundu (fermented Hibiscus Sabdariffa seeds) is an interesting example of a high protein substitute produced by fermentation in Sudan, a low-cost method of food preservation which markedly improves the digestibility, nutritive value and flavors of the raw seed. but, The seeds of the plant contain toxic principals thus has no economic value. Villag...

Food safety information in the African region is insufficient and fragmented due to lack of surveillance, documentation and reporting, thereby resulting in inefficient utilization of resources, duplication of activities, and lack of synergy among the countries of the region. This paper reviews the prevalence of foodborne pathogens in seven African...

ABSTRACT The genus Artemisia has been used extensively in folk medicine by many cultures since ancient time (European medicine, North African and Arabic traditional medicine. Artemisia herba alba (locally known as Sheeh) is a herb wildly distributed in rural northern Sudan. It is considered a multipurpose medicinal plant and widely used in folk med...

Isolation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from hulu-mur fermentation, the major drink prepared for the holy month Ramadan in Sudan has been attempted. Feterita sorghum variety was employed to produce hulu-mur using both traditional method and modified method of fermentation by adding starter culture. Sampling was made from different stages of hulu-mu...

Isolation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from hulu-mur fermentation, the major drink prepared for the holy month Ramadan in Sudan has been attempted. Feterita sorghum variety was employed to produce hulu-mur using both traditional method and modified method of fermentation by adding starter culture. Sampling was made from different stages of hulu-mu...

Hulu-mur is the major drink prepared for the special occasion of Siam or Sawm Ramadan. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify yeasts from the different stages of hulu-mur fermentation produced using two sorghum varieties (Feterita and Wad akar). 20 samples were obtained from different stages of hulu-mur production (grain flour, malt, fer...

Oils are usually used for cooking purposes and claimed to protect against many disease like coronary heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, cancers and hypertension. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of fresh and repeatedly-boiled peanut and olive oils (boiled five times) on blood lipid profile (High density lipoprotein HDL,...

An experiment was conducted to assess the antimicrobial activity of methanolic and aqueous extract of Manihot esculanta root. Dried ground powdered bulb and peel of M. esculanta was evaluated against four Gram-ve bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonae and Salmonella typhimurium), one Gram +ve bacteria (Staphylococc...

In Sudan Hibiscus sabdariffa seeds after fermentation are commonly known as Furundu with high quality proteins consumed as substitute to meat mainly in the Western part of the country. The raw seed, 10, 15 and 20 % of the standard diet was fed to Wister rats for periods up to 12 weeks. These doses were found to be non-toxic but not lethal to the tr...

Whey is a nutritious by product from cheese processing containing valuable nutrients like proteins, minerals, lactose and vitamins. Acceleration of regulation for preventing disposal of whey for its nutritious value started since late 20th century and the nutritional and functional values of its proteins are now well known. This study was conducted...

Acrylamide is a toxic, cancer-causing, industrial chemical used primarily in the preparation of polyacrylamide, which is used principally in water and wastewater treatment and in pulp and paper processing. A significant source of dietary acrylamide is foods cooked at high temperature. Till recently, only known human health effect is neurotoxicity a...

4.5×10 5 ±1.048 cfu/g ‫و‬ 41.0×10 5 ±17.786 cfu/g ‫ﺑﻣﺗوﺳط‬ 18.76×105 cfu/g ‫اوح‬ ‫ﺗر‬ ‫اﻟﻼﻛﺗﯾك‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣض‬ ‫ﺑﻛﺗرﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﯾﻧﻣﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺑﯾن‬ 4.28× 105± 1.748 cfu/g ‫و‬ 45.00×105a ±15.044 cfu/g ‫ﺑﻣﺗوﺳط‬ 3.49× 10 5 cfu/g. ‫ﻣﻌﻧوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﺧﺗﻼﻓﺎت‬ (P≤0.05) ‫ﻟﻛل‬ ‫اﻟﻼﻛﺗﯾك‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣض‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫وﺑﻛﺗر‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺑﻛﺗر‬ ‫اﻟﻛﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻌداد‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻛل‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫وﺟدت‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫...

Jibna-beida, a semi-traditional cheese of Sudan made from raw cow’s milk, goat’s milk or combination of both with variable qualities. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts initially isolated from traditional cheese in production of laboratory made jiba-beida under controlled conditions and...

Cyanogenic food crops abound in nature with important crops like cassava forming the staple food for over half a billion people. Detoxification by hydrolysis of cassava cyanogenic glycosides often involves acid fermentation, and in some of these processes Bacillus species are encountered. Forty Bacillus spp. (20 Bacillus subtilis, 11 Bacillus liche...

Bacillus spp. are widely used as feed additives and probiotics. However, there is limited information on their resistance to various antibiotics, and there is a growing concern over the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes. The MIC for 8 antibiotics was determined for 85 Bacillus species strains, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis (n = 29), Bacil...

The present study was conducted to obtain information on the effects of various dietary doses of the fermented Hibiscus sabdariffa seed (Furundu) on Wistar rats. Emphasis was put on changes on growth, lesions, alteration in hematology and serobiochemical constituents and histopathology of treated rats. Fermented Hibiscus sabdariffa seed product (Fu...

The multipurpose medicinal plant, Cola acuminata, was chosen for this investigation. Prominent effects on body weight and weight gain was observed. The toxicity on liver, kidney and heart was correlated with changes in the activity of Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and Alanine Transaminase (ALT), and the concentration of cholesterol, albumin and urea...

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible inhibitory activity of Cola acuminata seed (Petroleum ether, methanolic and aqueous) extracts against two standard Gram positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), three Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonae) bacteria and one fungus (Candida...

This study was designed to elucidate the mechanisms accounting for disruption of the normal spermatogenesis in the testis, exposed to various levels of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). Forty two mature male Albino rats, were divided into six groups; group 1 treated with 100 mg Cd kg -1 diet, group 2 treated with 5 mg Pb kg -1 diet, group 3 wi...

The present study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of opportunistic pathogen, E. coli, in raw cow's milk in Khartoum State (Khartoum, Khartoum North and Omdurman). Hundred raw milk samples were randomly collected from different localities/sources of Khartoum State and were inoculated on the relevant bacteriological media. Confirmation was p...

The antimicrobial activity of the petroleum ether, methanol and water extracts of Lepidium sativum seed extracts against six opportunistic pathogens namely Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and one fungus Candida albicans was assessed using the concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10%. T...

Samples of the traditional Sudanese fermented camel's milk product Gariss representing 9 different regions in Sudan were microbiologically characterized using an integrated approach including phenotypic and genotypic methods. Lactic acid bacteria [log(CFU/g)=7.76-8.66] and yeasts [log(CFU/g)=6.05-7.79] were detected in high numbers. A total of 180...

Fifty four raw milk samples were collected from cows (farms and venders), goats, ewes and camels of different areas of Khartoum state and microbiologically analyzed. Enumeration and isolation were carried out anaerobically at 37°C on MRS and M17 for lactococci and lactobacilli, respectively, aerobically on PDA at 25°C for yeasts and on nutrient aga...

A study is described in which petroleum ether, ethanol and water extracts from Tamarindus indica ripe fruit and Piper nigrum seed in different concentrations (10-100%) were evaluated for their possible antibacterial activity against four standard pathogenic microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive bacterium), Escherichia coli, Pseudomon...