Wang Xiaodan

• PhD
• Professor at Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Plain Language Summary High‐elevation warming has the potential to trigger substantial soil organic carbon (SOC) loss. Winter offers a window to focus on SOC loss. This study combined data from 110 observations with our 8 newly established eddy covariance towers to detect soil CO2 loss and its temperature sensitivity from the world's largest high‐e...

Increase in atmospheric dryness, characterized as vapor pressure deficit (VPD), might constrain terrestrial productivity. Nevertheless, the precise temporal impacts of VPD on the gross primary productivity (GPP) of alpine wetland ecosystems during the growing season remain elusive. The alpine ecosystems of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), where productivi...

Alpine grassland is sensitive to climate change, and many studies have explored the trends in alpine vegetation. Most research focuses on the effects of climate warming and increased humidity on vegetation greening. However, less attention has been given to the positive impacts of human activities, particularly ecological restoration projects (ERPs...

Tree radial growth records both ontogenetic growth trends and environmental information. Although the former is usually excluded from climate-growth analyses, its gradual changes have a more profound effect on forest carbon sequestration. Elucidating the kinetic mechanism behind this intrinsic trend will greatly improve our understanding and predic...

Plant pH is an emerging functional trait that plays important roles in physiological processes and nutrient cycling. However, how root pH varies among plant functional groups (PFGs) and the regulatory factors on a large scale remain unclear. Therefore, we quantified root pH variation of herbaceous plants in four PFGs from 20 sites on the Tibetan Pl...

Grasslands cover one-third of the terrestrial area, though half of them have been degraded and primarily due to overgrazing. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is home to the largest area of alpine grassland on Earth, experiencing a typical degradation-restoration story over the past three decades. With the large-scale implementation and long-term duration o...

The elevation gradient has long been known to be vital in shaping the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems, but little is known about the elevation-dependent pattern of net CO2 uptake, denoted by net ecosystem productivity (NEP). Here, by analyzing data from 203 eddy covariance sites across China, we report a negative linear elevation-d...

Averaged over 4000 m in elevation, Tibetan Plateau (TP) functions as an important ecological security barrier in China. Alpine ecosystems present a trend of overall improvement under the influence of climate change and human activities, yet there are localized deteriorations. To improve the ecological function of the TP, large-scale ecological rest...

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) has the largest area of alpine grasslands in the world. Among the various grassland types, alpine steppe covers 72 million hectares in the central–western TP, where the climate is even drier than in other alpine ecosystems. Rapid climate warming (0.34°C per decade) since the 1970s has caused significant atmospheric dryness—...

青藏高原实施了林草保护与修复、沙化治理和水土保持等生态工程，是我国乃至全球最大的生态工程区之一。其中，退牧还草简单有效且成本较低，在近20年的高寒草地生态恢复中广泛应用。长时间、大规模实施的退牧还草生态工程极大地改变了下垫面状态，并影响着碳水热交换过程。团队通过典型生态工程对比监测和数据资源整合，系统研究了退牧还草工程地气间的碳水热效应，取得系列科学发现。（1）青藏高原高寒草地是重要的净CO2汇，生态恢复工程能够显著提升CO2汇40%～60%，水分多寡影响生态恢复的碳汇强度。（2）高寒草甸和高寒草原是可观的CH4汇，草地恢复通过提升土壤通透性和阻断速效氮返还促进CH4吸收，高寒草原、高寒草甸禁牧区分别提升约20%。高寒湿地整体是CH4的弱源，草地恢复通过增加维管植物传输氧化减少CH4排放高达...

Regional and global eddy covariance networks provide the largest comprehensive in situ dataset on carbon fluxes between terrestrial and atmospheric ecosystems. Carbon balance in terrestrial ecosystems can be accounted for bottom-up by these flux data. However, the plausibility of some measurement data has aroused widespread concern from the flux co...

Introduction Under current global warming, the relationship between season changes of plants and environmental factors is focused on high-elevation and latitude regions. Due to the desynchronized growth of above- and below-ground and the buffering of soil, the driving factors in leaf and root show seasonal dynamics. Methods We measured above- and...

Tree radial growth has long-term adaptation and rapid responses to climate, manifested as age-dependent low-frequency and climate-sensitive high-frequency signals. Although the former is usually removed in climate-growth analyses, its overall change still profoundly affects forest biomass and carbon sequestration. The iterative growth model (IGM) r...

Afforestation enhances the soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) sinks, critical for mitigating global warming and improving the ecological environment, processes that may be mediated by microbes. The rhizosphere soil normally hosts highly active microbes. However, the mechanism by which microbes in rhizosphere soil affect soil C and N after afforestati...

As an important coarse inorganic fraction of soil, gravel may regulate the effects of the interaction between above- and belowground communities and affect the relationship between microorganisms and plants in alpine ecosystems. However, comparatively little is known about the effects of gravel on the acquisition pattern of nitrogen (N) by microorg...

It is unclear how changes in soil freeze–thaw processes initiated by climate change might alter soil respiration. Using meta‐analysis, we quantified the thawing effect on soil respiration under different freezing intensities and explored possible relationships among effect sizes with environmental factors. Our results showed that the overall mean t...

Significance Cold regions contain vast stores of permafrost carbon. Rapid warming will cause permafrost to thaw and plant respiration to accelerate, with a resultant loss of CO 2 , but could also increase the fixation of CO 2 by plants. A network of 32 eddy covariance sites on the Tibetan Plateau, which has the largest store of alpine permafrost ca...

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is home to the most extensive alpine permafrost, where there are over 30% of China's marshlands. Though climate warming of 0.26°C per decade may have altered the carbon (C) balance by promoting permafrost C release. To date, most studies have been conducted in the eastern TP region (<3,500 m in altitude), even though 51% of...

The dung excreted by yaks (Bos grunniens) into alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is an important ecological pathway for returning organic matter and nutrients that are closely linked to soil fertility and grassland productivity. However, few previous studies have investigated the dynamics of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) associated wit...

The cover image is based on the Research Article Significant soil acidification caused by grazing exclusion across China's grasslands by Jiangtao Hong et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3722.

The decomposition of plant litter is a key link in global C budgets and provides strong feedback to changes in climate and biogeochemical cycles. However, the combined effects of global warming and plant litter quality on the rate of plant litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics in alpine ecosystems are still poorly understood. We conducted a wa...

We synthesized data for 63 sites from the peer‐reviewed literature and 43 additional field sites and investigated the differences in soil pH following grazing exclusion across China’s grasslands. The mean pH across all samples decreased by 0.13 units with grazing exclusion (mean pH 8.15 and 8.02 for the grazed and grazing exclusion groups, respecti...

The world’s largest alpine pastures are found on the Tibetan Plateau, where considerable climate changes and human impacts have been experienced. Identifying their contributions to terrestrial productivity is essential if we are to adapt to, or mitigate the effects of, climate change. In this work, we begin by showing how the current warming and we...

Earth hummocks are widely distributed in arctic, sub-Arctic and alpine regions and have important roles in determining plant diversity and the nutrient content of soils. We investigated the impact of the spatial heterogeneity on soil properties and plant communities caused by the hummocks on the Tibetan Plateau. The results indicated alpine hummock...

Using an ¹⁵N labelling method (¹⁵N-NH4⁺ and ¹⁵N-NO3⁻), we conducted a time series experiment of N absorption for two common plant species (Stipa purpurea and Artemisia nanschanica) in three seasons (summer, late autumn, and early spring) in a semi-arid alpine steppe ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau. The soil NO3⁻ content was significantly higher th...

Worldwide, China is home to the fourth largest combined area of natural wetlands. A recent study provided a synthesis of its carbon budget. However, based on our experience of observing and simulating CH4 emissions from natural wetlands, as well as evidence in the literature, we suggest the results to be an overestimation of the CH4 release from Ch...

The above-ground net primary production (ANPP) and the precipitation-use efficiency (PUE) regulate the carbon and water cycles in grassland ecosystems, but the relationships among the ANPP, PUE and precipitation are still controversial. We selected 717 grassland sites with ANPP and mean annual precipitation (MAP) data from 40 publications to charac...

Global climate change is having long-term impacts on the geographic distribution of forest species. However, the response of vertical belts of mountain forests to climate change is still little known. The vertical distribution of forest vegetation (vertical vegetation belt) on Gongga Mountain in Southwest China has been monitored for 30 years. The...

Background and aims Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important limiting factors influencing plant growth and reproduction in alpine and tundra ecosystems. However, in situ observations of the effects of root traits on N absorption by alpine plant species are still lacking. Methods We investigated the rates of N uptake and the effect of root charact...

Soil Organic Matter (SOM) is an important component in the global carbon cycle, including more than three times as much carbon as both the atmosphere and the terrestrial vegetation. However, it is difficult to analyze soil organic matter chemistry due to its complexity and diversity resulting from microbial and physicochemical transformations of or...

Natural wetlands are permanently or seasonally inundated with water and the growth of vegetation in these wetlands is assumed to be sensitive to a warming climate. China's natural wetlands are mostly found in cold, high-latitude (>40° N in NE China) and high-altitude (>4000 m in average on the Tibetan Plateau, TP) areas. Rapid warming of regional c...

Natural wetlands are permanently or seasonally inundated with water and the growth of vegetation in these wetlands is assumed to be sensitive to a warming climate. China’s natural wetlands are mostly found in cold, high-latitude (>40° N in NE China) and high-altitude (>4000 m in average on the Tibetan Plateau, TP) areas. Rapid warming of regional c...

Background and Aims Rock fragments within topsoil have important effects on soil properties and plant growth. This study mainly aimed to investigate the relationships between rock fragments, soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) densities and vegetation biomass in an alpine steppe. Methods Rock fragments, plant and soil samples were collected from four...

Methane (CH4) is the second largest contributor to the greenhouse effect. However, it remains unclear to what extent the CH4 cycle acts as a feedback to climate changes, due to insufficient observational constraints and poor knowledge of wetland extent dynamics. The Tibetan Plateau (TP), which has an average elevation of 4000+ m above sea level, co...

Species diversity (SD) and total plant coverage (PC) are commonly used predictors of primary productivity (i.e., above ground biomass (ABG)). PC is a characteristic frequently used in remote sensing to assess land cover, land use, and vegetative condition, while species diversity serves as a measure of the existence and utilization of ecological ni...

The mechanisms for maintaining the species diversity of plant communities under conditions of resource limitation is an important subject in ecology. How interspecific relationships influence the pattern of nutrient absorption by coexisting species in N-limited ecosystems is still disputed. We investigated the effect of neighbor species on the upta...

Biomass is an important component of global carbon cycling and is vulnerable to climate change. Previous studies have mainly focused on the responses of aboveground biomass and phenology to warming, while studies of root architecture and of root biomass allocation between coarse and fine roots have been scarcely reported in grassland ecosystems. We...

Urine deposition by grazing animals, with urea as the major constituent, is an important nitrogen (N) source in grassland ecosystems and may affect the production of three potent greenhouse gases (GHGs): nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). However, owing to the greater chemical complexity of urine, the effect of urine on GH...

Urine deposition by grazing animals, with urea as the major constituent, is an important nitrogen (N) source in grassland ecosystems and may affect the production of three potent greenhouse gases (GHGs): nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). However, owing to the greater chemical complexity of urine, the effect of urine on GH...

The mechanisms of litter-mixing effects on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in alpine ecosystems remain inconclusive. In this study, we employed a four-month litter-mixing experiment to examine the relationship between litter chemical diversity, incubation time and litter-mixing effects on soil C and N fluxes from an alpine steppe ecosystem...

Soil nutrients strongly influence biomass allocation. However, few studies have examined patterns induced by soil C:N:P stoichiometry in alpine and arid ecosystems. Samples were collected from 44 sites with similar elevation along the 220-km transect at spatial intervals of 5 km along the northern Tibetan Plateau. Aboveground biomass (AGB) levels w...

Humans have grazed on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) for many thousands of years. In recent decades, the intensity of grazing has increased and several new management strategies have been put into place to address the resulting changes in rangeland condition. Effective management of grazing activities in this region requires understanding the im...

Dung deposition is an important pathway of nutrient return and redistribution in alpine grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. To date, information on the greenhouse gas emissions of yak dung on alpine grasslands, especially where there are large amounts of rock fragments, is limited. Our aim, therefore, was to evaluate variations in N2O, CH4,...

CH4 is the second largest contributor to human-induced global warming. However, large uncertainties still exist regarding the magnitude and temporal variation of CH4 exchanges in China’s natural ecosystems, especially under climate changes. In this study, its uncertainty and temporal variation during 1979‒2012 were assessed, by integrating a biogeo...

CH4 is the second largest contributor to human-induced global warming. However, large uncertainties still exist regarding the magnitude and temporal variation of CH4 exchanges in China's natural ecosystems, especially under climate changes. In this study, we assessed its uncertainty and temporal variation during 1979–2012, by integrating a biogeoch...

Understanding wetland changes under urbanization is important for wetland management. In this study, net transition intensity (NTI) and total transition intensity (TTI) are presented to characterize wetland transitions based on spatial data obtained from Landsat satellite images of Pearl River estuary in South China. NTI is commonly used to represe...

Precipitation is a potential factor that significantly affects plant nutrient pools by influencing biomass sizes and nutrient concentrations. However, few studies have explicitly dissected carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) pools between above- and belowground biomass at the community level along a precipitation gradient. We conducted a tr...

Grazing and fencing are two important factors that influence productivity and biomass allocation in alpine grasslands. The relationship between root (R) and shoot (S) biomass and the root:shoot ratio (R/S) are critical parameters for estimating the terrestrial carbon stocks and biomass allocation mechanism responses to human activities. Previous st...

Accurate precipitation data are of great importance for environmental applications. Interpolation methods are usually applied to afford spatially distributed precipitation data. However, due to the scarcity of rain gauges, different spatial interpolation methods may result in deviations from the real spatial distribution of precipitation. In this s...

Tibet is a vital ecological security barrier in China, as well as the core of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In cause of the high altitude, low temperature, and drought climate, Alpine ecosystem in Tibet is almost the most vulnerable ecosystem under the effects of natural and artificial factor in the world. Despite controlling the grassland degeneratio...

While litter decomposition is a fundamental ecological process, previous studies have mainly focused on the decay of single species. In this study, we conducted a litter-mixing experiment to investigate litter diversity effects on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from an alpine steppe soil in Northern Tibet. Significant non-additive effects of litter...

The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) can usually be used as a good proxy for evaluating potential variability in regional ecosystems and under climate change. We used 16-day MODIS-NDVI composite satellite data with 250-m resolution for the period 2000 to 2013 to assess the temporal and spatial variation of the NDVI among different alpi...

In recent decades, alpine grasslands have been seriously degraded on the Tibetan Plateau and grazing exclusion by fencing has been widely adopted to restore degraded grasslands since 2004. To elucidate how alpine grasslands carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) storage responds to this management strategy, three types of alpine grassland in...

Plant litter can influence many fundamental ecosystem functions during decomposition. However, the mechanism of litter diversity effects on belowground ecological processes remains unclear, especially with regard to soil C and the N cycle in alpine ecosystems. In this study, we incubated the litter of four alpine steppe species (SP: Stipa purpurea,...

Background and aims Plant nutrient concentrations and their correlations with soil nutrient conditions are regarded as effective tools for exploring plant adaptation and resource utilisation strategies in a severe environment. However, few comparative studies have addressed the nutrient traits of different organs along natural fertility gradients....

Mountain hazards are environmentally created and their strength changed with rigorousness of climatic factors. High alpine areas are usually covered with glaciers where atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, and cryosphere including mankind interrelate. Climate change accelerations in 21 st century and past assessments of the stressors how...

Leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have been used widely in the ecological stoichiometry to understand nutrient limitation in plant. However,few studies have focused on the relationship between root nutrients and environmental factors. The main objective of this study was to clarify the pattern of root and leaf N and P concentrations and the rela...

Understanding the impact of grazing intensity on grassland production and soil fertility is of fundamental importance for grassland conservation and management. We thus compared three types of alpine steppe management by studying vegetation traits and soil properties in response to three levels of grazing pressure: permanent grazing (M1), seasonal...

Soil freeze-thaw, which mainly refers to repeated freezing and thawing due to changes in soil temperature, is a natural phenomenon in seasonally frozen or permafrost regions. Freeze-thaw not only affects soil physicochemical and biological properties, but also alters the ecophysiological processes of plants. This has been noted to significantly inf...

Exposed roots have been used in dendrogeomorphology to determine erosion rates. However, few studies have focused on the changes in ring width and in the anatomical properties of hardwood roots exposed by soil erosion at a macroscopic and microscopic level. In this study, we identified the ring width and the anatomical response of hardwood root to...

Litter decomposition is a fundamental ecosystem process, and climate and litter chemistry strongly control rates of litter decay. In this work, three forests along an elevation gradient on the eastern slope of Sergyemla Mountain were selected to compare litter decomposition and chemical fraction loss rates, and further to evaluate the effects of en...

Alpine steppe is considered to be the largest grassland type on the Tibetan Plateau. This grassland contributes to the global carbon cycle and is sensitive to climate changes. The allocation of biomass in an ecosystem affects plant growth and the overall functioning of the ecosystem. However, the mechanism by which plant biomass is allocated on the...

Yak and Tibetan sheep graze extensively on natural grasslands in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and large amounts of excrement are directly deposited onto alpine grasslands. However, information on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from this excrement is limited. This study evaluated the short-term effects of yak and Tibetan sheep dung on nitrous oxide...

The response patterns of biogeochemical cycle and the adaptation strategies of terrestrial plants under the background of global climate change have received extensive attention. This paper analyzed the effects of climate warming and precipitation change on the plant C:N:P in different ecosystems, the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on the plan...

Soil carbon and nutrient contents and their importance in advancing our understanding of biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystem, has motivated ecologists to find their spatial patterns in various geographical area. Few studies have focused on changes in the physical and chemical properties of soils at high altitudes. Our aim was to identif...

Soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is one of the largest fluxes in the global carbon cycle. Therefore small changes in the size of this flux can have a large effect on atmospheric CO2 concentrations and potentially constitute a powerful positive feedback to the climate system. Soil CO2 fluxes in the alpine steppe ecosystem of Northern Tibet and the...

The seasonal dynamics of above- and belowground biomass and the nutrient characteristics (nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus) of "no-grazing" (NG), "short-term grazing" (SG) and "unrestricted grazing" (UG) grasslands were investigated in typical alpine grasslands in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, from June to September 2010. The results showed th...

Soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities have an important influence on nutrient cycling. The temporal variation in soil microbial biomass C, N, and enzyme activities during the growing season were determined under three different alpine grasslands in Northern Tibet. The results showed that soil microbial biomass C, and N contents and enzyme ac...

Eco-environmental quality assessment (EQA) is an intricate and challenging task that must take into account numerous natural, economic, political, and social factors, which are subject to multiple conflicting criteria. In this paper, a methodological reference framework is developed for EQA that combines the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) and fuzzy anal...

This paper mainly analyzed the isotopic effect of precipitation in the Yarlung Zangbo River. On the whole, the isotopic compositions of most water samples fall on the upper right of the global meteoric water line. According to δD and δ18O data of the samples, the precipitation equation is figured out as δD=8 δ18O+10, showing that they are derived f...

Nitrification and denitrification are key microbiological processes in the soil nitrogen cycle and are the main biological sources of N2O emissions from soils. In this work, we measured gross nitrification and denitrification rates of northern Tibet alpine grassland ecosystems during the growing season and evaluated the influence of soil environmen...

Soil freezing-thawing cycle may substantially influence soil physical properties, microbial activity, and the rates of carbon and nitrogen cycling in soils. In this study, the soil water soluble organic C, N (WSOC, WSON) as well as microbial biomass C, N (MBC, MBN) of two alpine grassland types, alpine meadow and alpine steppe, were investigated af...

The temporal dynamics of the biomass, as well as the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) concentrations and accumulation contents, in aboveand below-ground vegetation components were determined in the alpine steppe vegetation of Northern Tibet during the growing season of 2010. The highest levels of total biomass (311.68 g m−2), total C (115.9...

Many previous studies have focused on soil gravel concentrations and their effect on crop yields in agricultural systems. The extent of carbon and nitrogen sequestration in soils under steppe systems in relation to surface gravel mulch remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the effects of gravel mulches on soil organic carbon and total...

Forest gap models have been used widely in the study of forest dynamics, including predicting long-term succession patterns and assessing the potential impacts of climate change on forest structure and composition. However, little effort is devoted to predict forest dynamics in the high elevation areas, although they have the sensitive response to...

Aims Few studies have focused on changes in the physical and chemical properties of soils that are induced by grazing at high altitudes. Our aim was to identify potential responses of soil to grazing pressure on the semiarid steppe of the northern Tibetan Plateau and their probable causes. Methods Fractal geometry to describe soil structure, soil...

Water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) is the most mobile and reactive soil carbon source available. It plays an important role in many biogeochemical processes. In this study, we assessed WSOC in the upper 0 to 15 cm soil layer, during the growing season of three representative alpine grassland types of Northern Tibet, with an average elevation of ov...

Regional eco-security assessment is an intricate, challenging task. In previous studies, the integration of eco-environmental models and geographical information systems (GIS) usually takes two approaches: loose coupling and tight coupling. However, the present study used a full coupling approach to develop a GIS-based regional eco-security assessm...

There is a shortage of research concerning the relationships between land-use change, soil erosion, and soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) dynamics in alpine environments such as those found in the Tibetan plateau. In this paper, typical sloping farmlands converted from grassland 50 years ago in eastern Tibet were selected to determine dyna...

Industrial development has increased fast in China during the last decades. This has led to a range of environmental problems. Deposition of trace elements to forest ecosystems via the atmosphere is one potential problem. In this paper, we report the results from a pilot study where the trace element levels of the sub-alpine forest soils on the eas...

Regional environmental evaluation often requires a large amount of spatial information. Remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) are capable of managing large amounts of spatially related datum, and providing the ability to integrate multiple layers and to derive additional information. A methodological reference framework, usin...

34 barrier lakes induced by earthquake have been formed by wedged debris on the river channels after a massive earthquake happening on May 12 in Sichuan, China. Among them, the Tangjiashan Barrier Lake is the largest one. It faces very urgent risk of dam breaking when water level reaches the top and begins overflow in case of storm rainfalls and co...

Distribution characteristics of soil organic matter(SOM) and total nitrogen(TN) were studied in different plant communities of the Yajiageng vertical belt in Gongga Mountain around the Dadu River banks. The results show: ➀ the contents of SOM and TN of the plant communities gradually decreased with the following order: subalpine coniferous forest (...

Only few studies have focused on quantifying and/or modeling changes in gully-head shape. The present paper proposed a non-linear technique based on fractal method for describing gully-head changes quantitatively, and carried out a case study in the Yuanmou Basin in the Longchuan River Valley, Yunnan Province, southwest China. Seventy-seven gullies...

The application of fractal geometry to describe soil structure, soil dynamics, and physical processes within soil is becoming an increasingly useful tool that allows for a better understanding of the performance of soil systems. The fractal dimension of particle-size distributions (PSDs) is often used to estimate several properties in soils, such a...

The Tibet Plateau, occupying the main part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and having an average altitude of 4 500 m, has geomorphological features that are unique in the world, with soil erosion being one of the main ecological problems. Thus the main objectives of the present research were to set up an efficient and simple way of evaluating spatial dist...

Based on digital land use data from 1995 to 2000, the land use and landscape pattern changes of the Gongga Mountain area on the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau were studied on a macro-scale using ArcGIS 8.1 and landscape ecology methods. The results are as follows: 1) great changes have taken place in land use and landscape pattern from...

Based on Universal Soil Loss Equation and methods of mathematics model and GIS analysis, this study classified influence of precipitation, soil, topography and vegetation upon sensitivity of soil erosion into five different degrees which are extreme sensitivity, quite sensitivity, sensitivity, less sensitivity and no sensitivity. Assessment map of...