Walter Hu

The University of Texas at Dallas | UTD · Department of Electrical Engineering

Background Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been hailed as a rich source of medicine, but many types of herbs and their functions still need to be rapidly discovered and elucidated. HerboChip, a target-based drug screening platform, is an array of different fractions deriving from herbal extracts. This study was designed to identify effective...

Background Gastric cancer is one of the global health concerns. A series of studies on the stomach have confirmed the role of the microbiome in shaping gastrointestinal diseases. Delineation of microbiome signatures to distinguish chronic gastritis from gastric cancer will provide a non-invasive preventative and treatment strategy. In this study, w...

A novel photodetecting device architecture that combines the optoelectronic property advantages of a perovskite and the amplification properties of a Si metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistor (MOSFET) to innovate a photodetecting system with ultrahigh sensitivity, especially in low‐light intensity, is demonstrated. This perovskite‐based...

A special class of anisotropic media, hyperbolic metamaterials and metasurfaces (HMMs), has attracted much attention in recent years due to its unique abilities to manipulate and engineer electromagnetic waves on the subwavelength scale. Because all HMM designs require metal dielectric composites, the unavoidable metal loss at optical frequencies i...

We experimentally demonstrate a type II hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) using the recently emerged perovskite gain material and Au. The hyperbolic dispersion of the fabricated device is investigated by measuring its polarization anisotropy.

：Liming combined with an optimum quantity of inorganic fertilizer, as a soil amendment in intensive agriculture, is a viable agricultural practice in terms of improving soil nutrient status and productivity, as well as mitigating soil degradation. The chief benefits of this strategy are fundamentally dependent on soil microbial function. However, w...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs functioning as crucial post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression involved in cardiovascular development and health. Recently, mitochondrial miRNAs (mitomiRs) have been shown to modulate the translational activity of the mitochondrial genome and regulating mitochondrial protein expression and func...

Ginkgetin, a biflavone from Ginkgo biloba leaf, and resveratrol, a polyphenol found in grape and wine, are two phytochemicals being identified for its binding to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF): the binding, therefore, resulted in the alteration of the physiological roles of VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. The bindings of ginkgetin and resver...

Involution of the mammary gland is a complex process controlled by various endocrine hormones and cytokine. As a novel adipocytokine, Chemerin not only plays a pivotal role in physiological and pathological processes such as immune response and lipid metabolism, but is also involved in the regulation of programmed cell death, including autophagy an...

This paper focuses on coordination issues related to the green supply chain with capacity constraints and green marketing efforts. We build a two-stage green supply chain, in which the upstream manufacturer has a certain amount of installed capacity to produce green product, yet can expand its capacity through a Cloud Manufacturing (CM) Platform on...

The facile preparation and admirable performance of macro-porous poly(lauryl acrylate)-based oil-sorbents for organic solvents and oils are reported in this manuscript. Cryo-polymerizations of lauryl acrylate (LA) with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linker were carried out at temperatures below the freezing point of the polymer...

Balancing the accuracy and speed of three-dimensional (3D) surface measurement of objects is crucial in many important applications. In this paper, we present a wrapped phase and pseudorandom image method and develop an experimental system aiming to avoid the process of phase unwrapping. Our approach can reduce the length of image sequences and imp...

Metal halide perovskites have emerged as promising gain materials for on-chip lasers in photonic integrated circuits (PICs). However, stable continuous wave (CW) lasing behavior under optical pumping at room temperature - a prerequisite for electrically pumped lasing - has not yet been demonstrated. To achieve stable CW operation, we introduce a mu...

Poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN), a multifunctional multi-domain deadenylase, is crucial to the regulation of mRNA turnover and the maturation of various non-coding RNAs. Despite extensive studies of the well-folding domains responsible for PARN catalysis, the structure and function of the C-terminal domain (CTD) remains elusive. PARN is a cyto...

Torque coordinated control of the relevant power sources has an important impact on the vehicle dynamics and driving performance during the mode transition of the hybrid electric vehicles(HEVs). Considering the dynamic impact problem caused by mode transition, this paper, based upon the structural features of axially paralleled hybrid power system,...

A scientific and rigorous study on the adsorption behavior and molecular mechanism of collector sodium oleate (NaOL) on a Ca2+-activated hydroxylated α-quartz surface was performed through experiments and density functional theory (DFT) simulations. The rarely reported hydroxylation behaviors of water molecules on the α-quartz (101) surface were fi...

Early detection is important for improving the survival rate of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Serum tumor markers have been widely used for detecting GC. However, their clinical values remain controversial. This study aims to investigate the role of serum cancer antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) in the diagnosis of GC in a healthy population. A total of 7...

In the context of robotics and game AI, grid-based Distance Maps (DMs) are often used to fulfill collision checks by providing each traversable cell maximal clearance to its closest obstacle. A key challenge for DMs’ application is how to improve the efficiency of updating the distance values when cell states are changed (i.e., changes caused by ne...

Tailings generated from mineral processing have attracted worldwide concerns due to creating serious environmental pollution. In this work, porous adsorbents were prepared as a porous block by using silicate tailings, which can adsorb heavy metal ions from the solution and are easy to separate. The synthesized silicate porous material (SPM) was cha...

Direct patterning of methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) perovskite enabled green lasing in two-dimensional photonic crystal on the Si platform, under continuous wave pumping at room temperature for the first time.

We apply interdigitated microelectrode array (IDA) sensors for water quality monitoring. IDA sensors with an ion-sensitive coating show higher sensitivity of about 600 mV with the hypochlorite ion concentration increasing from 0 to 10 ppm more than the traditional sensing method. The response mechanism and selectivity have been studied. Several mat...

Tunable light-emitting nanostructures are prospective for reconfigurable compact optoelectronic devices. In this regard, halide perovskites are one of the most efficient class of materials, because of their outstanding electronic and optical properties as well as low cost of fabrication and nanostructuring. Here, we study the temperature-tunable re...

This work presents fabrication of thermal-piezoresistive nanoelectromechanical (NEM) silicon disk resonators and their characterization as highly sensitive mass sensors. Forest of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) has been grown on top surface of the fabricated devices increasing the resonator effective surface area, which in turn increases the ad...

Solution-processed organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites have recently emerged as promising gain media for tunable semiconductor lasers. However, optically pumped continuous-wave lasing at room temperature – a prerequisite for a laser diode – has not been realized so far. Here, we report lasing action in a surface emitting distributed feedback...

Solution-processed organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites have recently emerged as promising gain media for tunable semiconductor lasers, and have come to rival inorganic III-V group semiconductors as the material candidate for chip-scale lasers. Although electrically pumped lasing at room temperature is the ultimate goal, optically pumped conti...

We report a directly patterned perovskite distributed feedback (DFB) resonator and show narrow amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at pump powers as low as 0.1 W / cm 2 under continuous-wave (CW) optical pumping conditions at room temperature. Compared to the pristine thin film photoluminescence spectrum, a 16-fold reduction in emission linewidth...

We report the first directly patterned perovskite distributed feedback (DFB) resonator with a narrow amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at pump powers as low as 0.1W/cm2, under continuous-wave (CW) optical pumping condition at room temperature.

Recently, solution-processed hybrid halide perovskite has emerged as promising materials for advanced optoelectronic devices such as photovoltaics, photodetectors, light emitting diodes and lasers. In the mean time, all-dielectric metasurfaces with high-index materials have attracted attention due to their low-loss and high-efficient optical resona...

The biological surface has developed functional structures during long-term evolution, which inspires the development of biomimic materials for optical and optoelectronic applications. For example, the micropapillae and nanofolding structures of rose petals could enhance light absorption and color saturation. Here, the authors report a successful r...

Perovskite materials and bound state in the continuum are hot topics now. Development of these fields will lead to inventing advanced photonic devices. Here we report theoretical and experimental results for a high-Q cavity based on nanoimprinted perovskite film. We reveal that bound state in the continuum transformed into a resonant state due to l...

Recently, hybrid halide perovskites have emerged as one of the most promising types of materials for thin-film photovoltaic and light-emitting devices because of their low-cost and potential for high efficiency. Further boosting their performance without detrimentally increasing the complexity of the architecture is critically important for commerc...

We model and simulate the use of ion sensitive field-effect transistor for electronic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing using its intrinsic molecular charge on the backbone. In this model biological layer is treated as an ion-permeable charged membrane in solving Poisson equation. Sensor I-V characteristics are simulated, showing that the shif...

Recent developments in the physics of high-index resonant dielectric nanostructures suggest alternative mechanisms for subwavelength light control driven by Mie resonances with strong magnetic response that can be employed for a design of novel optical metasurfaces. Here we demonstrate metasurfaces based on nanoimprinted perovskite films optimized...

Recently, organolead halide-based perovskites have emerged as promising materials for optoelectronic applications, particularly for photovoltaics, photodetectors and lasing, with low cost and high performance. Meanwhile, nanoscale photodetectors have attracted tremendous attention towards realizing miniaturized optoelectronic systems as they offer...

In this work, strong chain alignment in large molecular weight polymer solar cells is for the first time demonstrated by nanoimprint lithography (NIL). The polymer crystallizations in non-imprinted thin films and imprinted nanogratings with different molecular weight poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) are compared. We first observe that the cha...

This article addresses the hydrolytic instability issue of surface chemistry and the repeatability issue of silicon (Si) nanowire (NW) biosensors. Si multi-NWs or nanograting (NG) field-effect transistors (FETs) were fabricated using semiconductor lithographic processing techniques. Then, the NG surfaces were coated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilan...

We demonstrate efficient polymer solar cells made from large molecular weight (MW) poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) nanostructures made by nanoimprint lithography (NIL). We found NIL allows the polymer with higher MW (> 40 kDa) to organize more strongly than lower MW, which is desired for efficient charge transport but difficult to achieve pr...

Designed DNA templates were anchored onto the surface of Si nanowire (SiNW) FETs. Then base pair (BP) extension reactions were performed on the DNA templates. The charges of newly formed BPs induced shifts of device Id-Vg curves. Vg shifts linearly with the number of BPs with a strong signal of ∼10 mV/BP, indicating a great potential for DNA sequen...

We demonstrate a new application of polyurea aerogels for efficient loading and uniformly slow release of insect repellents for lasting mosquitos avoidance. Loading of 6–10 times w/w was achieved for aerogel of 80–250 mg/cm3. Ultra-slow and uniform release rate of 2% of repellents per day was achieved, equivalent over 40 days release time, indicati...

Using devices, such biosensors, employing biomolecules as analytical tools offer advantages compared with conventional methods due to of their simplicity, specificity, selectivity and quick response for real-time analysis. Si nanowire (SiNW) biosensors have recently emerged as a unique electronic biosensor platform for detecting biochemical species...

Using devices, such biosensors, employing biomolecules as analytical tools offer advantages compared with conventional methods due to of their simplicity, specificity, selectivity and quick response for real-time analysis. Si nanowire (SiNW) biosensors have recently emerged as a unique electronic biosensor platform for detecting biochemical species...

The pyrolysis kinetics of blooming-forming cyanobacteria was studied using thermogravimetric analysis at heating rates of 5–20°C/min. The pyrolysis process appeared in three stages: dehydration, primary devolatilization, and residual decomposition. With the increasing heating rate, the maximum rate of weight loss and the peak temperature increased....

A series of side-chain liquid crystal (LC) polysiloxanes were synthesised with Poly(methylhydrogeno)siloxane, 4-(undec-10-enoyloxy) biphenyl – 4 – yl 4- (trifluoromethyl) benzoate (Mth) and a chiral nematic (N*) LC monomer 1-allyl 10-(cholesteryl)-decanedioate (Mch). The chemical structures and LC properties of the monomers and polymers were charac...

New difluoromethyleneoxy-bridged liquid crystals with a 2,2-difluorovinyloxy terminal group have been synthesised and characterised. The mesomorphic properties, dielectric anisotropies, birefringence and rotational viscosities were evaluated. The results show that the replacement of fluorine atom with 2,2-difluorovinyloxy as a terminal group brings...

Under the background of economic globalization, selecting a path of low-carbon economic development and developing green supply chains are the inevitable choice of realizing the sustainable development for the enterprises. In this paper, we investigate the optimization decision problem of supplier selection in green procurement under the mode of lo...

In this study, we present a partial purification of bacteriocin HY07 from E. faecium HY07 isolated from Chinese sausage, which exhibited antimicrobial activity to Listeria, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus, Clostridium, and Bacillus. E. faecium HY07 was shown to lack haemolytic activity and found to be sensitive to tested antibiotics (rifampici...

Gas transport through coal matrix is generally assumed to be dominated by gas phase diffusion. However, the matrix pores contain a certain amount of water, which occupies the gas phase diffusion channels. Gas phase diffusion theory cannot be used to interpret the effect of water. This article studies the phase behavior and flow mechanisms in coal m...

Radiosonde data collected from 83 stations in China from January to December 2012 were used to evaluate Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) near-infrared (NIR) and thermal infrared (IR) total precipitable water vapour (PWV) products. The results indicate that MODIS NIR PWV products shows better agreement with radiosonde data than...

The influence of biomass gasification gas and its components on homogeneous N2O decomposition was investigated in a lab-scale vertical fluidized bed at 900°C in this article. The results indicated that thermal decomposition contributed a large portion of N2O reduction. In the absence of oxygen, the N2O decomposition was increased with the rising of...

The particular thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method was developed by using poly(N-vinyl carbazole) (PVK) dissolved in liquid crystal (LC) layer recently. Permanent scattering is produced via the particular TIPS due to the formation of poly-domain LCs. In this work, we applied the particular TIPS to a conventional cholesteric LC (CLC) de...

In the disposal of electronic waste, cathode ray tube (CRT) funnel glass is an environmental problem of old television sets. Removal of the lead from CRT funnel glass can prevent its release into the environment and allow its reuse. In this research, we reference the dry progress productive technology of sodium silicate, the waste CRT glass was dea...

A major goal of phylogeographic analysis using molecular markers is to understand the ecological and historical variables that influence genetic diversity within a species. Here, we used sequences of the mitochondrial Cox1 gene and nuclear internal transcribed spacer to reconstruct its phylogeography and demographic history of the intertidal red se...

We report the use of molecular layer deposition (MLD) for depositing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) on a silicon dioxide surface. The APTES monolayer was characterized using spectroscopic ellipsometry, contact angle goniometry, and atomic force microscopy. Effects of reaction time of repeating pulses and simultaneous feeding of water vapor wi...

Innovation has been widely acknowledged as one of the key driving forces for regional economic development. Since nighttime lights based on Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Line-scan System has been used as an effective tool to estimate economic growth, a potential correlation between nighttime stable lights (NTSL) and innovatio...

In this article, the method of the constant volume burner was used to measure the solid propellant burning rate under high pressure. The burning rate formula and the heat loss rate equation of the constant volume burner method were derived, and the effects of four factors (pressure increasing rate, burning time, ignition, and burning rate) on the h...

The pH sensing response of the alternating current (AC) on the source/drain was investigated on lithographically defined Si NGFETs which were modified with APDMES. The sensors were measured under different frequency and the sensitivity was improved (∼ 2 to 8 times) in a frequency range from 100Hz to 100KHz, with the maximum of improvement around th...

This study describes a methodology of measuring protein titration curve by Si Nanograting FETs (NGFETs). Two proteins were measured with each of the titration curves showing specific characters for identification. The measurements at high ionic concentration were performed to eliminate the effect of SiO2 surface. The intrinsic protein titration cur...

We propose a method to suppress the electrolyte potential noise in time-dependent protein sensing tests with an additional reference electrode, which doesn't have the challenging requirements as for the reference FET (REFET). The noise is recorded by the additional electrode and then suppressed in the sensing results. This noise is likely due to th...

The Wudaogou Group in eastern Yanbian, Northeast China, plays a key role in constraining the timing and eastward termination of the Solonker–Xra Moron River–Changchun Suture, where the Palaeo-Asian Ocean closed. The Wudaogou Group consists of schist, gneiss, amphibolite, metasedimentary, and metavolcanic rocks, all of which underwent greenschist- t...

This article explores the context of the long-distance translocation of crops in prehistory. We draw upon contrasts in the isotopic signatures of Southwest Asian crops, including wheat and barley – C3 plants, compared to Asian millets – C4 plants, to investigate a key region of trans-Eurasian exchange, the Chinese province of Gansu. The isotopic re...

Accurate identification of point mutation is particularly imperative in the field of biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. Here, we develop a sensitive and specific method for point mutation assay using exponential strand displacement amplification (SDA)-based surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In this method, a discriminating probe...

On 6 September 2008, two optical satellites, HJ-1 A and B (HJ-1 A/B), were successfully launched from China. However, the system geometric correction products of the HJ-1 A/B charge-coupled device (HJ-1 images) have low geometric precision and need to be corrected. The HJ-1 images have a large aspect angle, a wide swath width, and a large image siz...

In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of using nanoimprint lithography (NIL) to make efficient low bandgap polymer solar cells with well-ordered heterojunction. High quality low bandgap conjugated polymer poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']-dithiophene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] (PCPDTBT) nanogratings are fab...

Treatment plan selection is a complex process because it sometimes needs sufficient experience and clinical information. Nowadays it is even harder for doctors to select an appropriate treatment plan for certain patients since doctors might encounter difficulties in obtaining the right information and analyzing the diverse clinical data. In order t...

Shrub-induced spatial heterogeneity of soil and hydrological properties are common in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. To examine the influence of shrubs on spatial patterns of soil physical, chemical and hydrological properties, the typical sand-fixation species, Caragana korshinskii, was studied in the Shapotou area of the Tengger Desert, China. Mi...

Integrity Management Program (IMP) for oil and gas pipeline system demands a robust risk assessment method, which needs fully utilize the expert knowledge on the empirical data and the ambiguous cause(s) – effect(s) failure mechanism and then keep a good balance between precision and practicality. A new method, Rule Based Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation...

We develop a simple and sensitive method for multiplexed detection of lung cancer cells at the single-molecule level, with a detection limit of 15 cells/mL for A549 cells and 4 cells/mL for H23 cells, without the involvement of any sequence-based amplification. This method holds a great potential for further application in early clinic diagnosis, e...

We develop circular exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR)-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for simultaneous sensitive detection of multiple microRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer cells. This method possesses distinct advantages of excellent selectivity and high sensitivity with a detection limit of as low as 0.5 fM, which has...