Wafaa Saleh

Edinburgh Napier University · Transport Research Institute

Attitudes and feelings towards food waste and positions on management policies have been vastly increased over the past few decades. Most of the available research on the analysis of attitudes towards food waste have been carried out using conventional statistical methods. This paper aims to assess and analyse attitudes and preferences of young Sau...

This study aimed to investigate the association between drunk riding, unhelmeted riding, unlicensed riding, and running-off-road (ROR) crashes. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) by using the National Taiwan Traffic Crash Dataset for 2011–2016. The results revealed that unhelmeted riding was associated...

Straßenverkehrstechnik 12.2022 (Zhongming et al. 2019). Men and women have many common needs regarding access to and use of public transport systems. However , it has been noted that daily mobility patterns for women with primary care duties are generally more complex than men as they attempt to combine domestic and care giving tasks with paid empl...

Background Most studies have focused on injuries sustained by intoxicated drivers themselves, but few have examined the effect of drunk driving on injury outcomes among VRUs (vulnerable road users) in developing countries. This study aims to evaluate the effect of drunk driving on fatal injuries among VRUs (pedestrians, cyclists, or motorcyclists)....

Backover crashes cause considerable injuries especially among young children. Prior research on backover crashes has not assessed the joint effect of heavy vehicles and diminished light conditions on injuries. By analysing the United Kingdom STATS19 crash dataset from 1991 to 2020, this study focused on backover crashes involving paediatric cyclist...

Although past studies have identified predictors related to child injuries with developmental disorders, national-level research in Asia is limited. The objective of this study was to explore the risk factors for child injuries with developmental disorders in Taiwan using a national-level integrated database for the period between 2004–2015 (The Ma...

The introduction of autonomous vehicles has been considered as a possible option for reducing traffic congestion in many transport studies. Many types of models, in particular car-following microsimulation models have been adopted in most studies. The impacts of autonomous vehicles (AVs) on congestion, however, have not yet been concluded. This cou...

Investigations of attitudes towards food waste and preferences of policies that affect sustainability has increased rapidly over the past few decades. Most research on food waste, however, has been undertaken mainly in the developed countries with very few in the developing countries. It is very important therefore to investigate food waste and att...

Natural frequency of any natural or artificial material play a role in selection it for industrial and manufacturing applications. Natural frequency for material meaning its ability to absorb external vibration for avoiding resonance. In the presented paper wood and steel will used as a type of natural materials, concrete also will used but as an a...

It is broadly acknowledged that there is an urgent need to reduce carbon-based mobility systems and increase renewable energy alternatives. The automotive industry is one of the greatest consumers of energy in the world. It is fronted with many challenges that aim at reducing carbon emissions. Renewable energy costs are getting cheaper and more cos...

(1) Background, Travel characteristics of Saudi women contrast significantly from those in the west. This is not only because they have different culture, attitudes and preferences but also until recently, Saudi women were not allowed to drive. In 2018, they were granted the right to drive. It has been anticipated that enabling women to drive will...

This paper presents an investigation factors that need to be considered in the design and selection of components for the conversion of a fleet of plug-in electric golf carts at Princess Nourah Bint Abdelrahman University, (PNU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), into solar power energy. Currently, the plug-in electric golf carts are powered b...

The study results serve as a reminder for parents, children, and drivers to be alert to the danger of traffic crashes on Halloween. The aim of this study was to examine whether Halloween is associated with a higher incidence of traffic injuries and whether traffic injuries sustained on Halloween are more severe than those sustained on other days. T...

This paper investigates the mechanical properties of two different types of recycled concrete, which use wood and rubber, relative to those characteristics of pure concrete, in terms of maximum load and natural frequencies. This paper contributes to the state of the art in this area in a number of ways. Firstly, the paper provides furtherance to th...

Within the objectives of the H2020 DIAMOND project, the paper investigates women’s needs and expectations as users of the bike-sharing service managed by Syndicat Mixte Autolib et Velib Métropole in the territory of Paris Region-Petite Couronne (France). The paper presents a thematic literature review focused on gender inclusion in bike-sharing sch...

Background: Studies have suggested that trauma centre-related risk factors, such as distance to the nearest trauma hospital, are strong predictors of fatal injuries among motorists. Few studies have used a national dataset to study the effect of trauma centre-related risk factors on fatal injuries among motorists and motorcyclists in a country whe...

Background: Research suggests that drivers tend to engage in risk-taking behaviours on public holidays. Studies that examined the association between holidays (or other special days) and fatal injuries are inconsistent. This study used UK STATS19 data to investigate the associations of nine public holidays on road crash casualties. Methods: This...

Research in travel behavioural studies have shown that social forces play a significant role in travel decision making like socio-economic factors. Several studies have tested models with different subjective variables to investigate their effects on travel behaviour. Understanding the influence of social norm and personal norm on travel mode choic...

Background Alcohol-involved riders tend to engage in other risk-taking behaviours such as un-helmeted riding which could further increases injury severity. The combined effect of alcohol-involved and un-helmeted riding on fatal injuries is rarely investigated. This study investigated the interaction effect between blood alcohol concentration and he...

The study investigates the behaviour of pedestrians crossing a road with a refuge island in an urban area to assess whether refuge islands deliver their expected benefit. This type of pedestrian crossings aim at providing a half-way shelter and protection while pedestrians are crossing a road with two-traffic streams. Data has been collected using...

This paper assesses pedestrian crossing behavior and critical gaps at a two-way midblock crossing location. A critical gap is the shortest gap that a pedestrian accepts when crossing a road. A dataset was collected in 2017 in Edinburgh (UK). The analysis was performed using the fuzzy logic system. The adopted membership function of the fuzzy logic...

This study examines the relationship between positive and negative user valence and transport mode choice behaviour. We integrate latent attitudes ‘affect’ and ‘salience’ into transport mode choice models using the framework of integrated choice and latent variable modelling and simultaneous maximum likelihood estimation methods. The results are co...

Background: Motorcycle full-coverage helmet use may reduce fatalities and head injuries. Methods: This retrospective cohort study extracted injury data from eight level-I trauma centres in Taiwan and performed a questionnaire survey to investigate injuries sustained by motorcyclists for the period between January 2015 and June 2017. Results: A...

Background: Motorcycle full-coverage helmet use may reduce fatalities and head injuries. Methods: This retrospective cohort study extracted injury data from eight level-I trauma centres in Taiwan and performed a questionnaire survey to investigate injuries sustained by motorcyclists for the period between January 2015 and June 2017. Results: As man...

At non-signalized marked crosswalks, pedestrian priority is neither well-defined nor well acknowledged by drivers. This paper presents the findings of an investigation on both driver and pedestrian behavior at non-signalized marked crosswalks located on channelized right-turn lanes at intersections in the State of Qatar. Five crosswalks in Doha cit...

Objectives: Over half of pedestrians killed and seriously injured in Great Britain in 2015 were involved in crashes at junctions. This study investigates the nature of these crashes. Methods: A study was conducted into pedestrian casualty crashes at priority controlled junctions, roundabouts and signalised junctions in England between 2005 and 2015...

The bikeshare program in Taipei City and New Taipei City, called U-bike, was launched in August 2012 and has more than 7500 bicycles operating out of 769 stations. Research has suggested that bicycle helmet use is a means of reducing morbidity and mortality among bike users. Helmets, however, are not available for rent when a U-bike is rented. The...

Since the launch of the smartphone game “Pokemon Go”, the worldwide craze has led to numerous traffic crashes and injuries resulting from falling or tripping. This paper investigates the effects of several smartphone distracting activities (gaming, talking, texting, Web surfing, and listening to music) on the street-crossing behaviours of pedestria...

The paper investigates the effects of phone use (talking, texting, and listening to music) on the street-crossing behaviours of pedestrians and their inattentional blindness in Taiwan. Recent handsets with touchscreens, as well as more advanced features including multimedia, and mobile applications (apps), exacerbate problems relating to cognitive...

This paper examines pedestrian anatomical injuries and crash characteristics in back-to-traffic and facing-traffic crashes. Pedestrian crashes involving pedestrians walking along streets (i.e. with their backs to traffic or facing traffic) have been overlooked in literature. Although this is not the most frequent type of crash, the crash consequenc...

This paper is aiming at raising awareness, informing decision makers and informing the transportation community of the implications of road accidents and high accident rates and severities in Qatar and similar Gulf countries. The paper is also recommending to adopt an integrated approach with a set of measures and actions to policy makers in Doha,...

It is nowadays widely accepted that solving traffic congestion from the demand side is more important and more feasible than offering more capacity or facilities for transportation. Following a brief overview of evolution of the concept of Travel Demand Management, there is a discussion on the Travel Demand Management foundations that include deman...

Purpose – Under deteriorating conditions of travelling in urban areas, especially city centers, prioritization of public transport is one of the main ways of its enhancing. In developed countries sophisticated control traffic systems are being implemented while in developing countries such solutions due to implementation cost are very rare. The pur...

A number of car following models have been developed and calibrated for the purpose of understanding and simulating the behaviour of driving under various traffic and transportation management systems. Such studies are useful for safety impact studies, network analysis and capacity analysis. However bus following is a special behaviour, which impac...

The behaviour of motorcycles driver is influenced by many factors, which include the personal characteristics (attitude, experience etc.) environmental (road geometry, traffic control etc.) and vehicle characteristics (performance, load etc.). Increased level of thrill, ability to filter in traffic and overtake ahead queue and higher engine power r...

A sustainable transport strategies for Tabuk City in the Saudi Arabia has been developed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) using travel data collected from Tabuk City. A number of transport policies and strategies have been tested for inclusion in the developed system. The top five strategies which were ranked highest amongst these by th...

Much has still to be done to increase pedestrian safety. Illegal crossing at signalised junctions may increase the risk of accidents at the intersections where it takes place and induce dangerous habits. Therefore efforts to prevent such a harmful behaviour must be put in place, be based on an accurate understanding of the phenomenon. The existing...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to estimate total emission during idling of vehicles and validate emission results from real-world data. Design/methodology/approach – Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES)2010b emission model is customised for developing country like India and a case study of the Ashram intersection in Delhi has been sele...

Literature has suggested that angle/rear-end collisions would arise from the reality that motorists and motorcyclists tended to accelerate aggressively in response to the remaining seconds of green signal countdown device (GSCD). One safety concern, while GSCD has gradually been removed for safety in Taiwan, is pedestrian green signal countdown dev...

Travel behaviour research indicates that travel decisions are usually influenced by accessibility as well as characteristics of the transport systems. Factors such as travel times, travel costs, waiting times, walking times have the most significant contributions in mode choice and travel decisions. In the case of developing countries however, the...

Editorial presents a review of all eleven original papers (and one book review) published in the current special issue on Travel Demand Management (TDM). This review is developed under five focus topics: traffic congestion charging; public transit or bicycles; traveller behaviour; travel plans; methodology.

Tabuk city in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia suffers from significantly high accident rates and severities, which are both continuously increasing. Higher dependence on cars, violation of traffic regulations and laws, higher speeds on the roads as well as weather conditions and other environmental factors related to roads, traffic and drivers are resp...

Purpose – There is gap in literature on understanding of the issues of following headway behaviour of the driver and a lack of sufficient data in different traffic conditions. The purpose of this paper is to find the effects of type of lead vehicle on following headway in mixed traffic condition in India on different category of roads and flow. De...

The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework methodology for the assessment and improving accident data collection and analysis in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Design/methodology/approach – A proposed framework methodology for accident reduction by an integrated process which includes a risk identification, assessment and reduction pr...

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to investigate and model travel behaviour and attitudes for households in Saudi Arabia. Design/methodology/approach – A household survey was used to collect data on household travel patterns and socio‐economic variables in the city of Tabuk in Saudi Arabia. The population of Tabuk city is just under 500,000...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is an investigation of driving behaviour and impacts on emissions at two traffic junctions. Design/methodology/approach – A signalised junction and a roundabout in Edinburgh have been selected. An instrumented car has been used and a GPS to monitor driving activities as well as a gas analyser to monitor the vehi...

Purpose Heterogeneous traffic in Delhi is complex to understand due its typical composition, speed acceleration, cruising, deceleration and idling activity in flow. To arrive at accurate emission factor estimates and implement proper traffic demand management there is need to understand microscopic vehicle operation activity. The vehicular operatio...

On board, chassis dynamometer, and traffic micro-simulation emission measurement approaches are common ways of determining vehicle emission factors. Results from these various approaches are, however, significantly affected by factors such as the driving cycle, and engine size used. These variations are examined. Significant deviations in emission...

This paper explains the modelling of emission in real world onboard measurement under local driving condition for engine size 1000cc and 600cc for motorcycles in Edinburgh. Impact of instantaneous speed, acceleration on emission have been investigated on the air quality management area (AQMA) in Edinburgh. Emission directly observed from the analys...

Driving cycle is an essential requirement to evaluate the exhaust emissions of various types of vehicles on the chassis dynamometer test. This study presents a real world comparison of the driving cycles of Edinburgh motorcycles in two world cities; Edinburgh in Scotland and Delhi in India. The two driving cycles (EMDC & DMDC) driving cycle (EMDC)...

Knowledge of the driving cycle is an important requirement in the evaluation of exhaust emissions. Data were collected from trips performed on five routes between the home addresses in the surrounding areas and place of work at Napier University in Edinburgh. A real world Edinburgh motorcycle driving cycle (EMDC) is developed for each of the urban...

Research suggested that motorists' right-of-way (ROW) violation in automobile-motorcycle gap-acceptance accidents at priority (i.e., stop-/yield-controlled) T-intersections has been a safety concern to motorcyclists. This study examines the characteristics of automobile-motorcycle gap-acceptance accidents that occurred at such locations. British St...

Motorcyclists tend to be more vulnerable to injuries than those using other motorised vehicles and this may act synergistically with the complexity of conflicting movements between vehicles and motorcycles to increase injury severity in a junction-type accident. A junction-type crash can be more severe to motorcyclists than a non-junction case due...

Research has suggested that motorcyclists involved in approach-turn crashes were much more injurious than any other crash-type. This paper investigates the determinants of motorcyclist injury severity resulting from such crash types that occurred at T-junctions, with emphasis on the effects of driver's failure to give way and various junction contr...

Sideswipe collisions between motorcycles and other motorised vehicles are one of the frequently occurring types of crashes at junctions in the United Kingdom and such collisions can be injurious to motorcyclists due to their vulnerability to injuries in nature. Research focusing on vehicle–bicycle sideswipe crashes has suggested that vehicles shunt...

The effects various junction control measures have on accident frequencies among vehicles have been investigated by previous studies through the use of statistical modelling techniques but such effects on motorcyclist injury severity, given that a junction-type accident has occurred, have received little attention in literature. This paper attempts...