Vsevolod Scherrer- Doctor of Psychology
- Senior Researcher at Trier University
Vsevolod Scherrer
- Doctor of Psychology
- Senior Researcher at Trier University
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54
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Introduction
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Publications
Publications (54)
Theoretical approaches and empirical research suggest a decline in motivation and self-perceptions among students through their school career. However, precise statements about the magnitude of the change during the school career remain elusive. Conducting a meta-analysis of 107 independent longitudinal studies with 912 effect sizes, we found an ov...
Adolescence is important for the development of achievement motivation, including achievement goal pursuit. Longitudinal research is scarce on adolescents' goal development and its implications for academic outcomes. In our research, we first present a systematic review of findings on achievement goals in adolescence. Then we report 2 longitudinal...
We provide a systematic review of findings on the relation between circadian preference and school achievement published after the last comprehensive review in 2015. We further test this relation in a longitudinal study. Our review of 26 studies revealed a positive relation between morningness and students’ school achievement, and a negative relati...
Cognitive abilities, including general intelligence and domain-specific abilities such as fluid reasoning, comprehension knowledge, working memory capacity, and processing speed, are regarded as some of the most stable psychological traits, yet there exist no large-scale systematic efforts to document the specific patterns by which their rank-order...
Stability and change in students’ achievement goals (AGs) are of great relevance for educational research and practice. In two separate meta-analyses, we investigated the rank-order stability (93 studies, 569 effect sizes, 54,736 students), as well as the mean-level change (157 studies, 1,170 effect sizes, 81,464 students) in AGs throughout student...
While felt ambivalence is thought to drive behavior change, the dynamics and boundary conditions of this effect have been underspecified. We conducted a panel study ( N = 808 German and Dutch students) in the context of meat consumption and investigated the dynamics of meat-related ambivalence, meat consumption, and moralization over 7 months using...
The regulation of self-control conflicts is integral to exerting self-control and pursuing (long-term) goals. Nonetheless, prevailing conceptualizations of self-control conflict remain vague, and the mechanisms and boundary conditions through which self-control conflict emerges are rarely empirically tested. In the present research, we thus propose...
Investment theory and related theoretical approaches suggest a dynamic interplay between crystallized intelligence, fluid intelligence, and investment traits like need for cognition. Although cross-sectional studies have found positive correlations between these constructs, longitudinal research testing all of their relations over time is scarce. I...
Parents' judgment of their children's cognitive ability is important for providing adequate learning environments. This study examined parents' judgment accuracy with 2346 children ( M = 8.94 years; 48.3% girls) and their parents (1283 mothers, 426 fathers, and 637 parental pairs). The data were collected between September 2012 and February 2014 in...
Zusammenfassung: Normen psychometrischer Verfahren sind eine entscheidende Voraussetzung für den Vergleich und die Interpretation von Testwerten. Die konventionelle Methode der Normierung – die Bildung von Subgruppen zu kontinuierlich verteilten Merkmalen (z. B. Altersnormen) – führt jedoch zu verzerrten Normen, sofern nicht sehr große Stichproben...
Norming of psychological tests is decisive for test score interpretation. However, conventional norming based on subgroups results either in biases or require very large samples to gather precise norms. Continuous norming methods, namely inferential, semi-parametric, and (simplified) parametric norming, propose to solve those issues. This article p...
The topical issue “Hotspots in Psychology 2026” is devoted to research addressing methods and applications of research syntheses (including systematic reviews and meta-analyses), as well as machine learning methods in psychology and related areas. Both approaches are particularly suitable for identifying and investigating hot topics: Since research...
The regulation of self-control conflicts is integral to exerting self-control and pursuing (long-term) goals. Nonetheless, prevailing conceptualizations of self-control conflict have been overly broad and rarely tested empirically. In the present research, we therefore propose that self-control conflicts originate in accessible ambivalent attitudes...
Many intelligence tests measure multiple specific cognitive abilities. Practitioners use these specific ability scores, which encompass both specific ability and general intelligence variance, and the resulting intelligence profiles to make counseling and intervention decisions. In the present study, we investigated the temporal stability of eight...
Balancing quasi-experimental field research for effects of covariates is fundamental for drawing causal inference. Propensity Score Matching deals with this issue but current techniques are restricted to binary treatment variables. Moreover, they provide several solutions without providing a comprehensive framework on choosing the best model. The '...
Norms of psychometric tests are, with the exception of criterion-referenced tests, a crucial prerequisite for the comparison and interpretation of test results. However, conventional norming methods – building subgroups over continuous variables (e.g., age norms) – leads to biased norms unless very large samples are collected. New continuous normin...
Norming of psychological tests and scales is decisive for the interpretation of test scores. However, conventional norming methods based on subgroups result either in biases or require very large samples to gather precise norms. Continuous norming methods, namely inferential, semi-parametric, and parametric norming, propose to solve those issues. T...
The MAGMA-package offers nearest neighbor matching for two to four groups. It also includes the option to match data of a 2x2 Design. In addition, MAGMA includes a framework for evaluating the post-matching balance. This vignette is a tutorial on MAGMA. It demonstrates the main MAGMA function on an included simulated dataset. In total, this vignett...
The MAGMA R-package introduces Many Group Matching. The package is available under https://github.com/JulianUrban/MAGMA. For a tutorial of the package, see https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/yfd7a.
Relations between variables, for example, between a predictor and a criterion variable, can be linear, nonlinear, or piecewise linear. In the linear case, the relation is constant across the distribution of the predictor variable. In the nonlinear case, there is a gradual change in the relation with increasing values of the predictor variable. In t...
People are increasingly concerned about how meat affects the environment, human health, and animal welfare, yet eating and enjoying meat remains a norm. Unsurprisingly, many people are ambivalent about meat—evaluating it as both positive and negative. Here, we propose that meat-related conflict is multidimensional and depends on people’s dietary gr...
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected schooling worldwide. In many places, schools closed for weeks or months, only part of the student body could be educated at any one time, or students were taught online. Previous research discloses the relevance of schooling for the development of cognitive abilities. We therefore compared the intelligence test pe...
Psychological tests and questionnaires are routinely used in research and practice. These standardized instruments measure psychological constructs decisive for assessment, placement decisions, and interventions. Usually manuals report within-group norms. For different groups including a specific interval of a norm predictor (e.g., age) inverse nor...
Eating meat is a prime example of cognitive conflict. Research on meat-related conflict has focused on people who eat meat (omnivores), and mostly neglected that people who avoid eating meat (vegetarians and vegans; veg*ans) can also experience conflict in the form of ambivalence. Here, we provide a conceptual model explaining how ambivalence comes...
People are increasingly concerned about how meat affects the environment, human health, and animal welfare; yet eating and enjoying meat remains a norm. Unsurprisingly, many people are ambivalent about meat—evaluating it as both positive and negative. Here, we propose that meat-related conflict is multidimensional and depends on people’s dietary gr...
We investigated rank-order continuity and mean-level change in adolescents’ self-esteem, academic self-concept, and social self-concept and tested whether interindividual differences in intraindividual change could be explained by four dimensions of classroom climate (i.e., teachers’ focus on students, learning community, pressure related to social...
The threshold hypothesis and the necessary-but-not-sufficient hypothesis represent popular views on the relationship between intelligence and creativity. However, most studies investigating these hypotheses used suboptimal or even inappropriate statistical methods, calling into question the robustness of the available evidence. The ability differen...
The temporal stability of psychological test scores is one prerequisite for their practical usability. This is especially true for intelligence test scores. In educational contexts, high stakes decisions with long-term consequences, such as placement in special education programs, are often based on intelligence test results. There are four differe...
A large number of previous studies reported a link between circadian preference and psychometric intelligence with mixed results and various hypotheses about the source of this correlation. In this study, we aimed to update a previous meta-analysis about the correlation between circadian preference and intelligence. Our literature search identified...
Individuals' general intelligence is highly stable over time and strong empirical evidence supports its validity for diagnostic purposes. Frequently, general intelligence is assessed as a composite of different specific cognitive abilities (e.g., verbal, numerical, figural ability). In previous research, these specific abilities only showed margina...
Individuals’ general intelligence is highly stable over time and strong empirical evidence supports its validity for diagnostic purposes. Frequently, general intelligence is assessed as a composite of different specific cognitive abilities (e.g., verbal, numerical, figural ability). In previous research, these specific abilities only showed margina...
This paper investigates a quadrant-based typology of circadian preference including morning (M) types (high morningness, low eveningness), evening (E) types (low morningness, high eveningness), low M-E types (low morningness and low eveningness), and high M-E types (high morningness and eveningness). In Study 1, a latent class analysis of circadian...
Effects of full-time ability grouping on students’ academic self-concept (ASC) and mathematics achievement were investigated in the first 3 years of secondary school (four waves of measurement; students’ average age at first wave: 10.5 years). Students were primarily from middle and upper class families living in southern Germany. The study sample...
Academic self-concept (ASC) is comprised of individual perceptions of one’s own academic ability. In a cross-sectional quasi-representative sample of 3,779 German elementary school children in grades 1 to 4, we investigated (a) the structure of ASC, (b) ASC profile formation, an aspect of differentiation that is reflected in lower correlations betw...
Procedure and results of mean difference testing of general ASC, reading ASC, writing ASC, math ASC between grade levels.
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Additional tables.
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SPSS dataset and Mplus syntax.
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The present study investigated changes in self-esteem, academic self-concept, intellectual self-concept, and social self-concepts of acceptance, assertion, relations with same-sex peers and relations with other-sex peers with 177 gifted students participating in a 16-day summer school in Germany. Students were assessed three times by self-report qu...
Meta-analyses suggest that morning-oriented students obtain better school grades than evening-oriented students. This finding has generally been found for students in high school using self-report data for the assessment of circadian preference. Two studies (N = 2718/192) investigated whether these findings generalize across samples (i.e. elementar...
Students’ school-related attitudes, relationships with classmates and teachers, academic self-concept, and other social-emotional school experiences influence both students’ wellbeing and their academic development. The younger students are, the more important these “soft factors” prove in the long run. However, brief assessments that can be admini...
