Vladimir Gurevich

Industrial EMP Solutions

A new small company presentation with a fresh look at a 50-year-old unsolved problem. Attempts for 50 years to use MILITARY technologies of EMP protection for CIVILIAN critical infrastructure facilities are the main problem and the main reason for the failure to protect the electric power grid and other critical infrastructure facilities!

The problem of the destructive effects of High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP or EMP) on electronic and electrical equipment has been well known for more than 50 years. All military equipment and critical equipment of special governmental services are reliably protected from such influences. There are many companies on the market that manufac...

The problem of the destructive effects of High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP or EMP) on electronic and electrical equipment has been well known for more than 50 years. All military equipment and critical equipment of special governmental services are reliably protected from such influences. There are many companies on the market that manufac...

HEMP protective means, which has long been on the market, is designed to protect military equipment and facilities and is not suitable for the protection of civilian critical infrastructure. Therefore, until now, this infrastructure remains unprotected in all countries of the world without exception. This catalog provides brief information about...

Scientific and Technical Publications of Vladimir Gurevich in the Field of High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) of Nuclear Explosion and Infrastructure Protection

Since the devastating effect of HEMP on electronics in the military field has been known for a long time, all military systems are equipped with efficient protection against the impact of HEMP. However, HEMP is equally dangerous for all civil electronics used in almost every section of today's most important infrastructure of any country, for insta...

The problem of the destructive effects of High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP or EMP) on electronic and electrical equipment has been well known for more than 50 years. All military equipment and critical equipment of special governmental services are reliably protected from such influences. There are many companies on the market that manufac...

We consider a reliability maximization problem for a high–voltage commutation device, wherein the total voltage across the device is shared by the components in series configuration. Here, the increase of the number of load–sharing components increases component–level reliability (as the voltage load per component reduces) but may decrease system–l...

Digital (microprocessor-based) protection relays (DPR) are dominating the global market today, essentially pushing all other types of relays out of the picture. These devices play a vital role in power operations for fields ranging from manufacturing, transportation, and communication to banking and healthcare. Digital Protective Relays: Problems a...

Cyber and Electromagnetic Threats in Modern Relay Protection provides a detailed overview of the vulnerabilities of digital protection relays to natural and intentional destructive impacts, including cyber attacks and electromagnetic intrusions. From lightning strikes, electromagnetic fields generated by operating equipment, and issues with control...

In reliability engineering, load sharing is typically associated with a system in parallel configuration. Examples include bridge support structures, electric power supply systems, and multiprocessor computing systems. We consider a reliability maximization problem for a high-voltage commutation device, wherein the total voltage across the device i...

High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) is a challenging agent aimed to destroy the most critical types of electronic equipment in the most important components of national infrastructure. The article addresses the issue of improvement of a power plant’s direct current auxiliary power systems (DCAPS) survivability under HEMP impact, and suggests...

The modern microprocessor based electronic equipment most vulnerable to Intentional Destructive Electromagnetic Interferences (IDEI) includes High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) in all substation equipment. However, power equipment and especially transformers are also subject to the influence of HEMP. The book discusses problems and solution...

A ferrite bead is a passive electrical element used to suppress high-frequency noise in electric circuits. This is one of the simplest and the cheapest type of filters. Thus, such filters are widely used in electric and electronic apparatus for both domestic and industrial purposes. It would seem that such a wide application of these elements sugge...

The article is devoted to the effects of geomagnetic-induced currents (GIC) on electrical equipment of power systems and analyzes technical measures for protection against such effects. It is noted that the difference between high-altitude nuclear detonation and solar storm GICs forces applying different methods of electrical equipment protection....

Статья является продолжением темы, рассмотренной в предыдущей статье с таким же названием. В новой статье оцениваются результаты испытаний микропроцессорных устройств релейной защиты (МУРЗ) на устойчивость к компоненту E1 электромагнитного импульса высотного ядерного взрыва (ЭМИ ЯВ) и к преднамеренным дистанционным электромагнитным воздействиям (ПД...

Проблема преднамеренных дистанционных деструктивных воздействий (ПДДВ) на энергетические системы становится в последнее время все более и более актуальной в связи с двумя современными тенденциями: расширением использования микроэлектроники и устройств на основе микропроцессоров в электроэнергетике – с одной стороны, и успехами, достигнутыми в разра...

The article is devoted to the effects of geomagnetic-induced currents (GIC) on electrical equipment of power systems and analyzes technical measures for protection against such effects. It is noted that the difference between highaltitude nuclear detonation and solar storm GICs forces applying different methods of electrical equipment protection. I...

The reasons for nuisance tripping of residual current devices (RCD) are analyzed in the article and the affect of many external factors is discussed. Solutions are described for avoiding faulty tripping of an RCD.

Modern trends in relay protection (RP) based on the substitution of electromechanical protection relays (EMPR) by digital protective relays (DPR) have resulted in the emergence of an absolutely new problem, which was not known before. This problem is the possibility of an intentional remote destructive impact (IRDI) on relay protection in order to...

There is a wide range of criteria and features for evaluating reliability in engineering; but as many as there are, only one of them has been chosen to evaluate reliability of Digital Protective Relays (DPR) in the technical documentation: Mean (operating) Time Between Failures (MTBF), which has gained universal currency and has been specified in t...

The article examines the problem of saturation and failure of power transformers under geomagnetically induced currents and currents of the E3 component of high-altitude nuclear explosions. It also describes a special protective relay reacting on DC component in the transformer neutral current.

Устатті представлений аналіз основних конструктивних недоліків сучасних мікропроцесорних пристроїв релейного захисту (MПРЗ) і пропонуються основні принципи побудови MПРЗ, якіможуть використовуватися при створеннінових пристроїв.

Transition from electromechanical to digital protective relays is accompanied with serious technical problems. The author offers a new approach in designing the digital relays capable of solving these problems. It is proposed to construct digital relays in the form of standard modules from which it would be possible to assemble the digital relay in...

In the paper observed estimation of reliability of relay protection (RP). It is shown, that an exist-ing method, both Russian, and foreign, do not allow to evaluate RP reliability correctly. The new method of RP reliability estimation is offered.

Transition from electromechanical to digital protective relays is accompanied with serious technical problems. The author offers the new approach in designing the digital relays, capable to solve these problems. This approach is based on similarity of functional units of digital relays and personal computers. It is offered to carry out digital rela...

Microprocessor-based protection devices (MPDs) are supplied with switchmode power supplies in which the input voltage acts on the rectifier and the filter then interrupts with the high frequency with the help of a powerful switching transistor, which turns the supply into high-frequency AC. This high-frequency voltage is transformed by the high-fre...

The article is a continuation of a set of the author's previous publications about the reliability of the microprocessor- based protective devices. The statistical data introduced by the author coincide with data of other authors and confirm higher reliability of electromechanical relays in comparison with microprocessor-based. The inadequacy of th...

Usually, the operational condition of relay protection devices is checked with specific settings used for the relay operation in a certain network point. In the author's opinion in order to verify the proper operation of complex multifunctional microprocessor-based protection devices (MPD) at their inspection, start-up after repairs or during perio...

The paper presents the analysis of the basic constructive disadvantages of the present day microprocessor-based protective devices (MBR) and offers the basic principles for creating a new MBR that can be used in newly constructed devices.

Parameters of the subminiature electromagnetic relays used as output elements in microprocessor relay protection, do not correspond to technical specifications on these relay protection. The reasons of this discrepancy are analyzed. Contradictions and discrepancies of the international standards in this area are considered. It is shown, that absenc...

Research and development in the field of electromechanical protective relays has not been conducted for tens of years. Author's approach allows viewing the problem of re-equipment of relay protection in a new way. In the author's opinion combination of reed switches with magnetic circuits and semiconductor elements opens new avenues in development...

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It is shown that choice of the design principle of the effective system of electron vacuum devices protection against damages in the inner break-downs must be determined mainly by the power of the devices.

It is pointed out that it is judicious to use the principle of the complete separation between magnetic and contact systems in low-voltage hermetic commutators. The ″Reprocon″ relay developed and commutation devices, based on hercicons, have been compared. It has been demonstrated that the ″Reprocon″ relay has less dimensions and less weight, as co...

The article gives a description of the Kvazitron series of maximum-current protection relays. The production of these relays was started by the research and engineering firm Inventor in 1993. It is demonstrated, that the Kvazitron relays are truly universal and can find a really wide application in electric apparatus of various purpose.

Variants of technical solutions of high-voltage devices with current-free commutation, hercone-thyristor and hercone-transistor communitation devices are considered. These devices enable to commutate currents from milliampere units up to tens of ampere under 5-15 kV voltages with fastresponse from 1 to 0.01 millisecond. The considered devices cover...

Methods are proposed to allow continuous operation of unattended booster stations (UBS) in transmission systems under conditions of power supply failure. It is advised to provide the UBS electric power supply system with special means for forming loops (DFL), which represent two-position unistable relays.

The author examines the limitations of the known methods of evaluating thyristor-controlled transmission-line voltage regulators (TLVRs). He puts forward an evaluation method based on a simplified calculation of the full cost of the power part of the thyristor and the current and voltage operating conditions.

Problems associated with the control of thyristors in a 35-110 kv class high-voltage switch are considered. A fundamentally new system is described for transmission of commands from the grounded control unit at the potential of the thyristors; it is based on high-voltage reed-relay modules. The proposed control system is analyzed and its features n...

With particular reference to fluorescent lamps fitted with a current-carrying strip, a study was made of how lighting installations operate at different ambient temperatures. Devices are described which control automatically the ballast parameters against the lamp and environmental parameters variations.

In this paper design and characteristics of linear (LPS) and switching mode (SMPS) power supplies are described and comparison between them is performs. It is shown, that often SMPS have unfairly complex structure, very high density of elements and they are less reliable than LPS. It is offered to use automatic, protection and the control devices w...

Problems with the reliability of microprocessor-based protective devices (MPD) have arisen in connection with the worldwide moving away from electromechanical and static protective relays to MPDs. The common misconception that MPDs have reliability considerably exceeding that of electromechanical and static protective relays is, in actual fact, no...

The parameters of the miniature electromechanical relays widely used as output elements of microprocessor-based protective devices are inappropriate for the actual operating conditions, i.e., the switching of an inductive load (trip coils of the circuit breakers or coils of the auxiliary re-lays) at 220VDC. In the article offers alternative solutio...