Vladimir Adrien

• M.D. Ph.D.
• Hospital practicioner at Hôpital Avicenne – Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis

Lithium is commonly prescribed for bipolar disorder due to its proven efficacy on patients. Despite this effectiveness, the molecular mechanisms underlying its action remain poorly understood, as it appears to influence numerous unrelated pathways. We propose that these diverse effects may stem from a specific physicochemical event: the binding of...

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant public health concern, with only a third of patients recovering within a year of treatment. While PTSD often disrupts the sense of body ownership and sense of agency (SA), attention to the SA in trauma has been lacking. This perspective paper explores the loss of the SA in PTSD and its relevance...

Molecular interactions are contingent upon the system’s dimensionality. Notably, comprehending the impact of dimensionality on protein–protein interactions holds paramount importance in foreseeing protein behaviour across diverse scenarios, encompassing both solution and membrane environments. Here, we unravel interactions among membrane proteins a...

The term “digital phenotype” refers to the digital footprint left by patient-environment interactions. It has potential for both research and clinical applications but challenges our conception of health care by opposing 2 distinct approaches to medicine: one centered on illness with the aim of classifying and curing disease, and the other centered...

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a standard method used to study the dynamics of lipids and proteins in artificial and cellular membrane systems. The advent of confocal microscopy two decades ago has made quantitative FRAP easily available to most laboratories. Usually, a single bleaching pattern/area is used and the correspondi...

Background Body awareness (BA) and proprioception, which are essential components of the sense of agency (SA), are often altered in various mental disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the relationship between BA, proprioception, and SA, as well as the methods to manipulate them, remain unclear. This study explored using...

We are introducing a novel thermodynamic emotion model. In this model, emotions are regarded as deviations from equilibrium, akin to fluctuations in body temperature. This bipolar regulation maintains bodily and psychological homeostasis while spurring mental development. Emotional regulation typically occurs through expanding one's perception of t...

Objectives To investigate the factors associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in intensive care unit (ICU) before and after an antimicrobial stewardship program. Materials Monocentric retrospective cohort study. Patients admitted to the ICU in 2007–2014 were included. Characteristics of P. aeruginosa patients were compared to overall ICU p...

Aim To explore criteria evaluating the effectiveness of psychiatric home care–mobile team practices, that have been developed widely in the last decades. Design Systematic review of the literature. Methods We included 24 studies published between January 2010 and October 2023. Data Sources CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, Embase, Scopus and PubMed. Result...

UNSTRUCTURED Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant public health concern, with only a third of patients recovering within a year of treatment. While PTSD often disrupts the sense of body ownership and sense of agency (SA), attention to the SA in trauma has been lacking. This perspective paper explores the loss of the SA in PTSD and...

Background Depression is a major global health challenge, affecting over 300 million people worldwide. Current pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions have limited efficacy, underscoring the need for novel approaches. Emerging evidence suggests that peak emotional experiences characterized by awe, transcendence, and meaning hold promise...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic brought about profound social changes that affected students worldwide. These changes had both psychological and economic consequences, and also led to the adoption of new teaching methods. It can also have an impact on work culture, which is the collective set of values, norms, and practices within a specific profe...

Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) has emerged as a promising posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment by enabling controlled exposure to traumatic cues. However, VRET interfaces decouple users from their physical surroundings, effectively dissociating them from their body and social environment. We review the benefits and disadvantages...

Background Depression is a major global health challenge, affecting over 300 million people worldwide. Current pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions have limited efficacy, underscoring the need for novel approaches. Emerging evidence suggests that peak emotional experiences characterized by awe, transcendence, and meaning hold promise...

Gay and bisexual men and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) with problematic chemsex (a specific sexualized drug use pattern) face several health issues. The aim of this monocentric observational study was to assess mental health history and attachment style (AS) within 71 GBMSM seeking care for problematic chemsex. Attachment style (AS) was e...

The use of high-frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (HF-rTMS) of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in treating Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is currently regarded as a level B intervention (probable effectiveness). HF-rTMS has attracted interest as a neuromodulation therapeutic method for PTSD. Prolonged exposure and...

Background Psychotic transition (PT) is a crucial stage in schizophrenia. The Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) scale can be used to identify individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis and to evaluate their risk of PT. Many environmental and genetic factors have been identified as contributing to the development and...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic brought about profound social changes that affected students worldwide. These changes had both psychological and economic consequences, and also led to the adoption of new teaching methods. The present study examined the pandemic’s impact on French medical students’ perceptions of their profession. Methods: A ques...

The concept of agency, or an individual's sense of control over their actions and external events, is important in the context of peritraumatic dissociation, and its cardinal importance in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This article provides a roadmap for the development of agency-based therapies in the future, along with offering an "enact...

Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic, and heterogeneous mental disorder that affects approximately 1% of the world population. Ongoing research aims at clustering schizophrenia heterogeneity into various “biotypes” to identify subgroups of individuals displaying homogeneous symptoms, etiopathogenesis, prognosis, and treatment response. The present st...

Aesthetic chills, a strong emotional reaction characterized by a specific bodily response of thermoregulatory mechanisms such as shivers and goosebumps, may hold scientific and clinical potential for reward-related or dopaminergic illnesses. In this first exploratory study, we examined the effects of chills stimulation on subjects clinically diagno...

UNSTRUCTURED It has tremendous potential for both research and clinical applications, but challenges our conception of healthcare by opposing two distinct approaches to medicine: one centered around illness, with the aim of classifying and curing disease, the other centered around patients and their personal suffering and lived experience. In the c...

Interoception—the perception of internal bodily signals—has recently emerged as an area of significant interest due to its potential implications in emotion and the prevalence of dysfunctional interoceptive processes across psychopathological conditions. Despite the importance of interoception in cognitive neuroscience and psychiatry, its experimen...

Background Mood disorders are commonly diagnosed and staged using clinical features that rely merely on subjective data. The concept of digital phenotyping is based on the idea that collecting real-time markers of human behavior allows us to determine the digital signature of a pathology. This strategy assumes that behaviors are quantifiable from d...

Objective Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common mental disorder following one or more traumatic events in which patients exhibit behavioural and emotional disturbances. Recent studies report alterations in social cognition with cerebral functioning modifications. While it is now established that brain function can be modified and severe...

High stake clinical choices in psychiatry can be impacted by external irrelevant factors. A strong understanding of the cognitive and behavioural mechanisms involved in clinical reasoning and decision-making is fundamental in improving healthcare quality. Indeed, the decision in clinical practice can be influenced by errors or approximations which...

Introduction Rapid cycling bipolar disorder (RCBD) is defined as four or more affective episodes (depression, mania or hypomania) within 1 year. RCBD has a high point of prevalence (from 10% to 20% among clinical bipolar samples) and is associated with greater severity, longer illness duration, worse global functioning and higher suicidal risk, but...

BACKGROUND Mood disorder is commonly diagnosed and staged using clinical features that rely merely on subjective data. The concept of digital phenotyping is based on the idea that collecting real-time markers of human behavior allow one to determine the "digital signature of a pathology". This strategy assumes that behaviors are "quantifiable" from...

Introduction: Depression is highly prevalent and causes considerable suffering and disease burden despite the existence of wide-ranging treatment options. Momentary assessment is a promising tool in the management of psychiatric disorders, and particularly depression. It allows for a real-time evaluation of symptoms and an earlier detection of rela...

The viscosity of lipid bilayers is a property relevant to biological function, as it affects the diffusion of membrane macromolecules. To determine its value, and hence portray the membrane, various literature-reported techniques lead to significantly different results. Herein we compare the results issuing from two widely used techniques to determ...

Background: Recently, artificial intelligence technologies and machine learning methods have offered attractive prospects to design and manage crisis response processes, especially in suicide crisis management. In other domains, most algorithms are based on big data to help diagnose and suggest rational treatment options in medicine. But data in ps...

BACKGROUND Conflicting data emerge from literature regarding actual use of smartphone application in medicine, some authors considering it as a breakthrough while other suggesting that real-life use is disappointing. However, digital tools are everyday more present in medicine. We developed SMARTAUTISM, a smartphone application focused on empowerme...

Background Conflicting data emerge from literature regarding the actual use of smartphone apps in medicine; some considered the introduction of smartphone apps in medicine to be a breakthrough, while others suggested that, in real-life, the use of smartphone apps in medicine is disappointingly low. Yet, digital tools become more present in medicine...

The patient's decision-making abilities are often altered in psychiatric disorders. The legal framework of psychiatric advance directives (PADs) has been made to provide care to patients in these situations while respecting their free and informed consent. The implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) within Clinical Decision Support Systems (...

BACKGROUND Recently, Artificial Intelligence technologies and learning machine methods offer attractive prospects to design and manage crisis response processes, especially in suicide crisis management. In other domains, most algorithms are based on big data to help diagnosis process and to suggest treatment rational options in medicine. But data i...

Background Recently, artificial intelligence technologies and machine learning methods have offered attractive prospects to design and manage crisis response processes, especially in suicide crisis management. In other domains, most algorithms are based on big data to help diagnose and suggest rational treatment options in medicine. But data in psy...

Background Various candidate biomarkers have been proposed in schizophrenia to better characterise the several forms of the disorder. Among these candidates, peripheral (e.g. immunological, inflammatory, microbial) and brain (structural and functional) factors have been suggested and could help subtyping schizophrenia. One other potential biomarker...

Background Common clinical use of antipsychotics (AP) drugs shows that their therapeutic mode of action still needs further clarification although it is admitted that the Dopamine receptor D2 (D2R) antagonism plays a significant role. For instance, clozapine (CLOZ) - which is known to be the most effective AP in treating schizophrenic symptoms - ha...

Introduction Nous décrivons l’épidémiologie des patients ayant présenté un prélèvement positif à Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) durant leur séjour en réanimation et l’impact de la mise en place d’un programme de maîtrise du risque infectieux incluant une promotion du bon usage des antibiotiques au sein du service, visant à réduire l’usage de certaines...

We have investigated the physical and biomimetic properties of a sponge (L3) phase composed of pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E5), a non-ionic surfactant, an aqueous solvent, and a co-surfactant. The following co-surfactants, commonly used for solubilizing membrane proteins, were incorporated: n-octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (β-OG), n-dodec...

In silico study of FRAP experiments with two diffusive species. Simulated experimental curves were generated from a normalized theoretical fluorescence recovery curve as described in the legend of S3 Fig. The acquisition time was fixed at 60 frame periods. The noise factor k was varied from 0.001 to 0.01, the characteristic diffusion time τ1 from 0...

In silico study of FRAPP experiments with two diffusive species. Simulated experimental curves were generated from a normalized theoretical fluorescence recovery curve as described in the legend of S3 Fig. The acquisition time was fixed at 60 frame periods. The noise factor k was varied from 0.001 to 0.05, the characteristic diffusion time τ1 from...

Examples of 3 fitted in silico simulated fluorescence recovery curves for FRAP experiments (i.e. with the disk-shaped bleaching geometry) with 3 different characteristic diffusion times: τ = 0.5 (red), 5 (blue) or 50 (green) frame periods. The noise factor k used to generate the simulated fluorescence intensity values was 0.05 in all 3 cases. The f...

Numerical values of the in silico studies of FRAPP experiments with two diffusing species (see the legend of S5 Fig for details). Each cell displays, for a given pair of (τ1, τ2) values, (i) the normalized differences between the averages and the theoretical values (left): (< τ¯1 >—τ1) / τ1 (first line), (< τ¯2 >—τ2) / τ2 (second line), │< R¯ >—R│...

Experimental determination of the time t0 of the recovery phase. (PDF)

In silico study of FRAP and FRAPP experiments with a single diffusive species. Simulated experimental curves were generated from a normalized theoretical fluorescence recovery curve. These curves were composed of N = 60 intensity data points Isim (i) = I(i) + G(i), where the noise G(i) is a random number with the Gaussian probability distribution c...

Numerical values of the in silico studies of FRAP experiments with two diffusing species (see the legend of S4 Fig for details). Each cell displays, for a given pair of (τ1, τ2) values, (i) the normalized differences between the averages and the theoretical values (left): (< τ¯1 >—τ1) / τ1 (first line), (< τ¯2 >—τ2) / τ2 (second line), │< R¯ >—R│ /...

Typical in silico simulated fluorescence recovery curve of a FRAP experiment (i.e. with the disk-shaped bleaching geometry). The simulated fluorescence intensity values (black diamonds) were generated by adding Gaussian noise G(i) to the theoretical values I(i) (red dots) deduced from Eq 1. G(i) is a random number with the Gaussian probability dist...

Numerical values of the in silico studies of FRAP and FRAPP experiments with a single diffusing species (see the legend of S3 Fig for details). Each cell displays, for a given pair of (τ, k) values, (i) the normalized difference between < τ¯ > and τ, (< τ¯ >—τ) / τ (left), and (ii) the normalized standard deviation, σ(τ¯) / τ (right). The solvable...

Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), composed of a phospholipid bilayer, are often used as a model system for cell membranes. However the study of proteo-membrane interactions in this system is limited as the incorporation of integral and lipid-anchored proteins into GUVs remains challenging. Here, we present a simple generic method to incorporate pr...

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health issue and many bacteria responsible for human infections have now developed a variety of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. For instance, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a disease-causing Gram-negative bacteria, is now resistant to almost every class of antibiotics. Much of this resistance is attributable to mu...

The literature data and results presented in this article show that in lipidic bilayers lipids diffuse with various diffusion coefficients ranging from D = 3.7 ± 0.4 to 13.9 ± 0.6 μm2s-1, Interestingly, a transmembrane peptide, having nearly the same radius as lipids and whose hydrophobic thickness matches that of the bilayer, exhibits a D value of...

In vitro studies of membrane proteins are of interest only if their structure and function are significantly preserved. One approach is to insert them into the lipid bilayers of highly viscous cubic phases rendering the insertion and manipulation of proteins difficult. Less viscous lipid sponge phases are sometimes used, but their relatively narrow...

Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), composed of a phospholipid bilayer, are often used as a model system for cell membranes. However, the study of proteo-membrane interactions in this system is limited as the incorporation of integral and lipid-anchored proteins into GUVs remains challenging. Here, we present a simple generic method to incorporate p...

Recent years have witnessed a proliferation of publications concerning the lateral diffusion of membrane lipids. The reported diffusion coefficient (D) values appear to depend on systems under study and on techniques of investigation. There is no clear consensus regarding their dynamics that would explain the different D values as well as the relat...

For several years lipidic cubic (Q) mesophases have been used to crystallize membrane proteins. Because they have the rheology of a thick paste, working with Q-phases remain a challenge. We will present a new fluid L3 phase in which transmembrane proteins such as Bacteriodopsin, SERCA1a, and Cytochrome oxidase maintain their activity. Macroscopical...