Vivek Kumar Garg

Chandigarh University | CU · University institute of applied health sciences

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been identified as a master regulator of the adaptive response to both endogenous and exogenous oxidative and electrophilic stressors. Emerging evidence suggests the pivotal roles of Nrf2 in the development of obesity and regulation of adipocyte differentiation through its interaction with othe...

This comprehensive chapter explores the critical role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the redox regulation of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), offering a detailed analysis that bridges the gap between basic medical science and clinical application. MetS is characterized by conditions like insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, hyper...

PORTABLE DEVICE FOR DIABETIC NEUROPATHY ANALYSIS

Simple Summary MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer and are extensively well-studied in this context. However, the interplay between miRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, especially HuR, is yet to be fully understood. In this review, we summarize the regulatory role of the HuR-miRNA axis in co...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) belongs to herpes family of viruses. It is also known as human herpesvirus 5 (HHV-5). In 1956 and 1957, Weller, Smith, and Rowe independently isolated and grew cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) from mice and humans. The CMVs have derived their name from Greek which means cell (cyto) and big (megalo). These are the largest known...

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a promising tool for diagnosing fungal infections. It enables the identification of a wide range of fungal species and provides more accurate and rapid results than traditional diagnostic methods. NGS-based approaches involve the sequencing of DNA or RNA from clinical samples, which can be used to det...

There is overwhelming evidence from in vitro and in vivo investigations as well as animal and human studies that incorporation of some vitamins in skincare products and cosmeceuticals promote healthy skin and re-engineer the skin to a healthy state. This comprehensive review illustrates the protective roles of vitamins A, B3, C, D, and E in skin- c...

Purpose of Review Mitochondrial dysfunctions are considered epistatic to cellular malfunctions during advancement of neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington's disease (HD). Recent Findings In HD, such compromised mitochondrial functioning contributes to perturb neuronal functioning via unwarranted free radicals generation, reduced ATP pr...

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron was classified as a pestilent in early 2022 and is familiar to be caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV2 omicron). Many researchers in the research-based world are demanding to discover a way to find an amicable solution to prevent or cure this disease by using flavonoids. Numerous studies have...

Osteopontin (OPN) is a heavily post-translationally modified protein with a molecular weight of 44–70 kDa, depending on the degree of glycosylation. OPN is involved in various biological processes, including bone remodeling, immune response, cell adhesion, migration, and survival. It is essential for controlling osteoclast and osteoblast activity f...

Monitoring the bio-processes and bio-responses related to poultry farms is essential for the assessment and control of welfare-related parameters. In recent years, computer vision has emerged as a promising technique in the real-time automation of poultry surveillance systems due to its non-intrusive and non-invasive qualities, including its versat...

Artificial intelligence (AI), usually referred to as machine intelligence, is a scientific field that gives robots the ability to think like people. AI is a term used to describe a system that simulates human intellect using computer programming. AI is advancing quickly in many multidisciplinary fields, including ophthalmology, from healthcare to t...

Both Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and Toxic-epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are generally medication-induced pathological conditions that mostly affect the epidermis and mucus membranes. Nearly 1 to 2 patients per 1,000,000 population are affected annually with SJS and TEN, and sometimes these maladies can cause serious life-threatening events. The re...

Background Curcumin is a natural compound obtained from Curcuma longa that possesses a vast therapeutic potential for disease treatment. It is a potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging phytochemical as evident from numerous studies. Curcumin's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are thought to be more potent than...

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models have been increasingly used in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders. These models have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, reduce the burden on healthcare systems, and improve patient outcomes. However, there are several challenges that need to be addressed for these mo...

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) place a significant medical and public health burden on people all over the world. Three important NDDs are Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), epilepsy, Lewy body disease, Huntington’s Disorder (HD), and cerebral aneurysm. The num...

Many compounds from therapeutic plants have been studied as potential antiviral agents. To control the spread, phytochemicals are employed to decrease viral copy production. This evaluation will be helpful to the scientific community’s investigations into microbes and their infection. Other common viruses that are impacted by the phytochemicals of...

The intensity of the urinary tract infection (UTI), a recurrent infection that is common in coastal locations and that affects people of different ages, varies. One of the main bacteria that causes UTI is Escherichia coli. The objective of the present study is to regulate the prevalence of UTI and to evaluate the effectiveness of recent development...

The review of the literature demonstrated that the diverse properties of the organotin (IV) attributed to the various moieties contained inside the molecule account for the functions and utility of the organotin (IV) complexes. Furthermore, the capacity of organometallic compounds to stabilize complexes with unique stereochemistry is well documente...

COVID-19 has been categorized as a pandemic in early 2020 and is known to be caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV2). Numerous investigators and people in the scientific community are trying to find a superlative way to avert and cure the ailment by using phytochemicals. Abundant studies have revealed that terpenoids can...

Recently, it has become obvious that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in cancer progression through angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), involving activation and upregulation of multiple oncogenic molecules. Accordingly, suppression of ACE and its subsequent downstream cascades has received considerable attention as a possible...

Staphylococcus aureus is a facultative anaerobe and catalase-positive bacterium responsible for various skin infections and life-threatening problems, including bacteremia and pneumonia. This bacterium produces a bunch of superantigens in the blood called enterotoxin. This toxin is responsible for food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome. Moreover,...

Dysregulation of epigenetic mechanisms have been depicted in several pathological consequence such as cancer. Different modes of epigenetic regulation (DNA methylation (hypomethylation or hypermethylation of promotor), histone modifications, abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, and small nucleolar RNAs), are discovered....

Dysregulation of epigenetic mechanisms have been depicted in several pathological consequence such as cancer. Different modes of epigenetic regulation (DNA methylation (hypomethylation or hypermethylation of promotor), histone modifications, abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, and small nucleolar RNAs), are discovered....

Monkeypox is azoonotic viral infection caused by monkeypox virus, a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus in the family Poxviridae.Usually the Monkeypox is transmitted to humans through close contact with an infected person or animallesions,bodyfluids,respiratory droplets etc. or with materials contaminated with the virus.Clinical presentation of the m...

Background: Lung cancer is one of the highly lethal forms of cancer whose incidence has worldwide rapidly increased over the past few decades. About 80-85% of all lung cancer cases constitute non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma as the main subtypes. Immune checkpoint inhibitors h...

Cancer prevalence and its rate of incidence are constantly rising since the past few decades. Owing to the toxicity of present-day antineoplastic drugs, it is imperative to explore safer and more effective molecules to combat and/or prevent this dreaded disease. Flavonoids, a class of polyphenols, have exhibited multifaceted implications against se...

Cancer is a highly lethal disease, and its incidence has rapidly increased worldwide over the past few decades. Although chemotherapeutics and surgery are widely used in clinical settings, they are often insufficient to provide the cure for cancer patients. Hence, more effective treatment options are highly needed. Although licorice has been used a...

Purpose: The association between exposure to Toxocara canis and epilepsy is at the best contentious. Most of previous studies were retrospective, community-based, and contradictory to one another. As the impact of a positive association on the magnitude of epilepsy will be huge especially in developing countries where toxocariasis is common owing...

Influenza viruses cause acute respiratory illnesses in birds, humans, and other mammals, and are a major public health concern around the world. Pandemic flu could be caused by an unforeseen human adaptation of an influenza subtype or strain rather than currently circulating influenza viruses. The need for plant metabolites-based new anti-influenza...

Background This research aims to study the association of genetic polymorphism in genes coding for CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 in phenytoin-induced dose-related toxicity and to assess if the presence of allele CYP2C9*3 plays a role in phenytoin-induced idiosyncratic adverse effects. Current observational case control study included 142 patients with phenyto...

Oroxylin A (OA), a well-known constituent of the root of Scutellariae plants, has been used in ethnomedicine already for centuries in treating various neoplastic disorders. However, only recent molecular studies have revealed the different mechanisms behind its action, demonstrating antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and proapoptotic effects, re...

Shigella, the causative agent of shigellosis or bacillary dysentery is a Gram-negative bacterium which is found in children's mostly, has been greatly concerned in food borne outbreaks. It has been observed that the emergence of different antibiotic resistant is a big threat to the world, which has made previous sensitive antibiotics of no use. Thi...

Haematological parameters have significance roles and impact on health of each individual. The consumptions of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, Opioids and Cocaine. Now days it is becoming the symbol of personality in most of the, places youngsters are consuming these products. It is becoming a major social issue now. The consumption of these products i...

Oral Cancer is one of the prevailing diseases worldwide. Taking previous studies into account, observations have shown that oral cancer has a poor prognosis due to the delay in the detection of the disease. The outcomes of cancer detection and prevention are ineffective unless the mutation of genetic factors is thoroughly understood. Nevertheless,...

Malignant melanoma is one of the most worrisome malignancies due to its fast dissemination and early formation of metastases in multiple sites throughout the body. Despite the intensive efforts made in the last decades, the use of standard therapeutic strategies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, has not led to a substantial improvement in c...

Cancer is being considered as a serious threat to human health globally due to limited availability and efficacy of therapeutics. In addition, existing chemotherapeutic drugs possess a diverse range of toxic side effects. Therefore, more research is welcomed to investigate the chemo-preventive action of plant-based metabolites. Ampelopsin (dihydrom...

Background: Probiotics are living microorganisms that have a positive impact on the health of their hosts. The content of milk varies depending on the animal from which it comes, to give the proper pace of growth and development for that young species hence, human milk is clearly superior to cow’s milk for human infants. Due to its ability to suppl...

Nanotechnology has encouraged new and amended materials (metal nanoparticles) for therapeutic applications with specific prominence in healthcare. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) are versatile nanoscale entities, widely used to diagnose and treat cancer. Evidence suggested that metal NPs can modulate the expression of various intracellular and extra-cell...

Probiotics are living bacteria that offer health benefits to their hosts. Probiotic strains can be isolated from human milk as well as formula milk. Human breast milk provides the nutrients that a newborn requires for growth and development. For healthy newborn babies whose mothers are unable to provide adequate breast milk, infant formulation is t...

Background: In women urinary tract infection is a growing concern clinically. The most common human fungal pathogens are candida species reportedly. The aim of the present study was to identify the Candida species causing UTIs and Antifungal susceptibility test. Methods: The study was conducted on 448 urine samples of female patients in Gurugram, H...

Background- Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in which bacteria enters the tract and cultivate in the urinary tract i.e. the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It is a common type of infection affecting females. UTI in case of K. Pneumoniae (gram – bacteria) is symptomatic with signs of increase in urinary frequency, urgency, supra...

Background: Thyroid disorder is found to be most commonly occurring endocrine disorder in females. Thyroid hormones have an imperative position in metabolic methods in human body, and several physiological and pathological stimuli are known to influence thyroid metabolism. The increased incidence of hypovitaminosis D was diagnosed in population wit...

Salmonella enterica serotype typhi is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, and has flagella with the human body as its only reservoir. Typhoid fever was found to cause 21.7 million illnesses and 216,000 fatalities worldwide in 2000, and the International Vaccine Institute estimated 11.9 million cases and 129,000 deaths in low- and middle-income c...

As a landmark, scientific investigation in cytokine signaling and interferon-related anti-viral activity, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family of proteins was first discovered in the 1990s. Today, we know that the STAT family consists of several transcription factors which regulate various molecular and cellular processes,...

Breast cancer is a global cause for concern owing to its high incidence around the world. The alarming increase in breast cancer cases emphasizes the management of disease at multiple levels. The management should start from the beginning that includes stringent cancer screening or cancer registry to effective diagnostic and treatment strategies. B...

Phytochemicals are being used for thousands of years to prevent dreadful malignancy. Side effects of existing allopathic treatment have also initiated intense research in the field of bioactive phytochemicals. Gallic acid, a natural polyphenolic compound, exists freely as well as in polymeric forms. The anti-cancer properties of gallic acid are ind...

Purpose: Age can be an important clue in uncovering the identity of persons that left biological evidence at crime scenes. With the availability of DNA methylation data, several age prediction models are developed by using statistical and machine learning methods. From epigenetic studies, it has been demonstrated that there is a close association...

The researchers reported a north Indian male patient, age 19 years, with a history of right partial seizure with secondary generalization who developed severe features of phenytoin (PHT) toxicity on therapeutic doses. The patient was on 300mg/day dose depending on the weight of the patient. At this therapeutic dose, patient developed toxic symptoms...

Birch tree bark-derived betulin has attracted scientific interest already for several centuries, being one of the first natural products identified from plants. However, the cellular events regulated by betulin and precise molecular mechanisms under these processes have been begun to be understood only recently. Today, we know that betulin can exer...

Cancer, a disease of inappropriate cell proliferation, is strongly interconnected with the cell cycle. All cancers consist of an abnormal accumulation of neoplastic cells, which are propagated toward uncontrolled cell division and proliferation in response to mitogenic signals. Mitogenic stimuli include genetic and epigenetic changes in cell cycle...

Apoptosis, also named programmed cell death, is a fundament process required for morphogenetic homeostasis during early development and in pathophysiological conditions. It is come into existence in 1972 by work of Kerr, Wyllie and Currie and later on investigated during the research on development of the C. elegans. Trigger by several stimuli, apo...

Novel Coronavirus (nCoV-2019) is a highly infectious viral outbreak that has so far infected more than 110 million people worldwide. Fast viral transmission and high infection rates have severely affected the entire population, especially the old aged and comorbid individuals leaving significantly less time to find some effective treatment strategy...

Get access Share icon Skip to Main Content Log in | Register Search in: Journal Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology Latest Articles 0 Views 0 CrossRef citations to date 0 Altmetric Review Combining hydroxychloroquine and minocycline: potential role in moderate to severe COVID-19 infection. Shashank Shekhar Gautam,C.S Gautam,Vivek Kumar Garg...

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in gene encodings for CYP3A4 and carbamazepine (CBZ)-induced dose-related side effects in North Indian people with epilepsy. Patients and methods: The current prospective study included 37 patients with CBZ-induced dose-related side effects...

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs when blood flow is occulted by an atherosclerotic plaque prevent in the intima lining of a coronary artery. 50 patients with diagnostic features of AMI were recruited and constituted the study group and 25 healthy age and sex matched controls were recruited for comparison constituted the control group. Speci...

Any waste which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining thereto or in the production or testing of biologicals, is called biomedical waste. The current study is based on BMW in multispecialty hospital at civil hospital, Barnala, India. The material used in the...

Among the various reasons for ureterocutaneous fistula including urological, gynecological, malignancy, trauma persistence of calculi in the ureteric stump following nephrectomy is rare cause. We have reported this case because of its rarity.

Interstitial lung disease is a heterogenous group of chronic lung disorders characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the lung interstitium. An accurate ILD diagnosis requires the meticulous evaluation for any potential etiology, including environmental exposures, drugs or connective tissue disease. Connective tissue disease is commonly present...

Among the various reasons for ureterocutaneous fistula including urological, gynecological, malignancy, trauma persistence of calculi in the ureteric stump following nephrectomy is rare cause. We have reported this case because of its rarity.

Determination of a person's age can be an important factor in forensic investigation. DNA methyla-tion (DNAm) is a well-known factor signifying change during the aging process but also necessary for the development of mammals. Several studies reported that DNAm can be used as an important marker in predicting the age of a human. This study is carri...

Sir, We thank Vibha D for her interest in our article. While increasing the sample size will definitely increase power of the study, the sample size was estimated to be 240 individuals (120 cases and 120 controls) to detect an odds ratio of 2.0 with 80% power at a two-sided level of significance of 5%. Hence, the study was conducted with an appropr...

Application of natural product-based nanoformulations for the treatment of different human diseases, such as cancer, is an emerging field. The conventional cancer therapeutic modalities, including surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy has limited achievements. A larger number of drawbacks are associated with these therapies, including...

Despite advancements in healthcare facilities for diagnosis and treatment, cancer remains the leading cause of death worldwide. As prevention is always better than cure, efficient strategies are needed in order to deal with the menace of cancer. The use of phytochemicals as adjuvant chemotherapeutic agents in heterogeneous human carcinomas like bre...