Vijendra Shenoy

Manipal Academy of Higher Education | MAHE · Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat

AIDS is a fatal illness, which breaks down the body's immunity and leaves the victim vulnerable to life-threatening opportunistic infections, neurological disorders, or unusual malignancies. About 80% of patients with HIV infections present with otolaryngological symptoms. Often, the otolaryngologist is the primary physician who diagnoses the HIV i...

Objective To monitor the effect of mastoid drilling on the non-operated ear distortion product otoacoustic emissions. Materials and methods Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured at frequencies of f 2 = 2, 3, 4 and 5 kHz, and a frequency ratio f 1 /f 2 = 1.22. DPOAEs were measured in 49 cases, pre and post-operatively who u...

Objectives: To compare the audiological profiles in postmenopausal women with and without osteoporosis and to study the pattern of hearing loss in osteoporotic patients. Materials and methods: 80 postmenopausal women were evaluated at a tertiary referral center and were divided into normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic based on BMD results. The h...

Abstract Purpose: To determine whether preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for cochlear damage and sensorineural hearing impairment in infants. Materials and Methods: Longitudinal study was conducted in 2 tertiary referral centers. 1068 neonates were included, who were born to preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitu...

Aim: To determine the effect of cochlear dose on sensorineural hearing loss in patients with head and neck cancer treated by radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy. Materials and method: A two-year longitudinal study was conducted on 130 subjects with various head and neck malignancies who were receiving radiotherapy or chemoradiation. 56 patients r...

Myoepitheliomas are uncommon neoplasms of major and minor salivary glands. These tumours are encapsulated and slow growing in nature and are benign in majority of the cases. The mean age of presentation is 40 years and this entity is rarely reported in younger age groups. Here, we seek to report a rare case of a 10-year-old patient who presented wi...

Plasmacytomas are localized monoclonal plasma cell lesions with no evidence of systemic involvement which are divided into solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) and extra-medullary plasmacytoma (EMP). The diagnosis of plasmacytomas (PCM) in the oral regions is challenging given the atypical clinical manifestations and low frequency. Here, we report an e...

A man in his 50s presented with a 2-month history of left ear discharge associated with hearing loss and weakness of left half of face since 15 days. The patient had no comorbidities, but he gave history of being treated for COVID-19 pneumonia 2 months ago post which he started experiencing left-sided aural symptoms. Clinical examination of ear rev...

Introduction: Oronasopharyngeal stricture is a rare sequel of oropharyngeal surgical procedure which can cause swallow�ing difficulty, dyspnea, sleep related breathing disorders, incompetence at the velopharynx due to soft palatal adherence. Case: Here we present a case of nine-year-old girl who presented to us with complains of nasal obstruction...

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a condition that is characterised by frequent apnoea and hypopnoea attacks occurring during sleep. The blood supply to cochlea and acoustic nerves is from terminal arteries, thereby making them susceptible to hypoxia. To compare the audiological profiles in patients with OSAS according to Apnoea Hypopnoea...

Abstract Actinomycosis is caused by actinomyces israelii, a gram positive nonacid fast, anaerobic, commensal bacterium within the oral cavity. Though it is a commensal in oral cavity, it seldom presents as cervicofacial actinomycosis. But there is limited access to literature proving cervicofacial actinomycosis existence so far. We report a case...

A 35-year-old well-built gentleman presented to us with complaints of painless progressive swelling on the right side of neck for 1.5 months. He also had complaints of pain while chewing food for 15 days with no h/o difficulty in swallowing/hoarseness of voice/weight loss. Patient consulted local hospital for similar complaints one month back.

A man in his 50s presented with a 2-month history of left ear discharge associated with hearing loss and weakness of left half of face since 15 days. The patient had no comorbidities, but he gave history of being treated for COVID-19 pneumonia 2 months ago post which he started experiencing left-sided aural symptoms. Clinical examination of ear rev...

The main aim of the study was to assess various ENT symptoms in COVID 19 patients, also to investigate the severity of ENT symptoms among COVID 19 patients and find their relation on basis of scores among five discrete domains of SNOT 22 (Sino nasal Outcome Test). A prospective observational study was conducted among 135 patients between 18 to 75 y...

Objectives: To quantify tumour size and margin shrinkage due to formalin fixation in head and neck cancer specimens and determine its effect on tumour staging and margin clearance. Methods: Tumour specimens were measured immediate post-resection and at 24 hours after fixation. Tumour was measured in 2 dimensions and one margin was measured. Shri...

CBME- competency based approach to tumors of oral cavity

CBME- competency based approach to Otosclerosis.

Lateral medullary syndrome/Wallenberg syndrome, is a neurological disorder occurring due to ischemia in the lateral part of medullary oblongata resulting in wide range of symptoms. Dysphagia is usually exhibited in severe and persistent form in LMS. Hence timely intervention is mandatory before the patient further worsens. We describe a case of Lat...

To introduce an intraoperative scoring system for covid-19 associated mucormycosis An observational study conducted among 43 cases of confirmed CAM which included 35 males and 8 females, with an average age of 56 years. The surgical approach adopted in our cases included endoscopic surgical debridement with Denker's approach including mandatory pte...

Introduction and Aim: Head and neck is affected in 11-33% of extra-nodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas with the Waldeyer’s ring comprising 50% and among which palatine tonsils are most commonly involved. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using medical case files to study the demographic and clinical details of 13 patients diagno...

The main aim of the study was to assess various ENT symptoms in COVID 19 patients, also to investigate the severity of ENT symptoms among COVID 19 patients and find their relation on basis of scores among five discrete domains of SNOT 22 (Sino nasal Outcome Test). A prospective observational study was conducted among 135 patients between 18 to 75 y...

To introduce an intraoperative scoring system for covid-19 associated mucormycosis An observational study conducted among 43 cases of confirmed CAM which included 35 males and 8 females, with an average age of 56 years. The surgical approach adopted in our cases included endoscopic surgical debridement with Denker’s approach including mandatory pte...

Otoacariasis is the presence of ticks and mites within the ear canal. Though the coexistence of ticks and humans is known for thousands of years, tick infestation is relatively rare in urban population. The most common presenting symptoms are usually itching, otalgia and a foreign body sensation and less frequent ones are tinnitus and otorrhoea. We...

Thyroiditis can be due to infection/autoimmunity with different clinical presentations. Correctly diagnosing and initiating treatment is a challenge to the treating physician. We present two cases of thyroiditis, who approached the physician for different complaints. The rst was a female with a change in voice, foreign body sensation in throat, lar...

Bone remodelling is a normal physiological process which occurs in all bones. Hence bone changes should also be detected in undiseased or minimally diseased ethmoids as well as in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients. To test this hypothesis, we compared ethmoid bone histology between two groups of patients; a study group of CRS patients and a gro...

Introduction Schwannomas are tumous that arise from Schwann cells. Schwannoma is one of the differential diagnosis for lateral neck swelling. Objective In this study, we aim to describe the incidence, presenting clinical features and management of extracranial, non-vestibular schwannomas of head and neck region, along with the review of the litera...

Unlabelled: Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone which is accompanied by bony destruction and sequestrum formation. Osteomyelitis of frontal bone requires us to deal with great caution as it can lead to a great deal of morbidity and mortality. Often when surgical treatment provided, it is radical and leaves behind surgical defect over the fro...

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of voice intervention in patients who received chemoradiation to the neck for non-laryngeal head and neck malignancies. Methods: Twenty individuals with non-laryngeal malignancies of the head and neck who received chemoradiation were divided by block randomisation into an intervention group that receive...

Background The lingual thyroid gland is a rare clinical entity that was found to occur due to the failure of the thyroid gland to descend into its normal ectopic pretracheal position during embryogenesis. The reported incidence of lingual thyroid is 1 in 100,000, and it is more common in females, with a female:male ratio of 3:1. When located at the...

PurposePatients with malignancy quite often suffer from physical as well as psychological symptoms due to the shattering diagnosis, and prolonged, incapacitating management. The frequency of the depressive disorder in malignancy is around 8–40%. The present study aims at analysing the socio-demographic profile and magnitude of depressive disorders...

Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) after laryngectomy occurs when there is a failure in the pharyngeal repair resulting in a salivary leak (Dedivitis et al. in Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 27(1):2–5, 2007). In the post-operative period this complication is not only a challenge to the surgeon but also distressing to the patient and his family. We conduct...

Introduction and Aim: Most of the lesions affecting pinna are cutaneous conditions. Those arising from the cartilage are extremely rare, whereas those from the soft tissue like vascular, stromal and adnexal components are relatively common. The present study aims at analysing the proportion, types, and categories of lesions affecting the pinna. Met...

Primary ectopic meningiomas of the nasal cavity are rare tumours and thus, often not diagnosed and treated properly. In this case report we are going to discuss about our experience with a primary nasal meningioma involving bilateral nasal cavity with its diagnosis, management and histopathological features. A 28 year old female presented with nasa...

Background: Olfactory neuroblastoma, also known as Esthesioneuroblastoma, is a malignant neoplasm of neuroectodermal origin. In view of its rarity, a clinicopathological study of esthesioneuroblastoma is presented.Aim: Study Olfactory neuroblastoma cases diagnosed in the past ten years in patients attending Otorhinolaryngology outpatient.Patients a...

Aim: Endomeatal endoscopic tympanoplasty (ET) is a relatively new technique. We wanted to study the feasibility of performing this technique, its outcome using tragal perichondrium (TP) and its cosmetic benefits over the conventional microscopic tympanoplasty (MT) using temporalis fascia (TF). Patients and Methods: Study consisted of 81 patients in...

Aim: Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) in children requires myringotomy, which is usually done under microscope. Use of endoscope in ear surgeries has increased. So we compared outcome of myringotomy under microscope and endoscope. Patients and Methods: Time bound descriptive non-randomized study was done in a tertiary care hospital on 3-13 year's o...

Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of glycemic control and factors like time since the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus on hearing. Materials and Methods: Hearing of 75 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged 40–55 years categorized into three groups of 25 patients based on their glycemic control (HbA1c %) and also...

Squamous cell carcinoma of nasal vestibule is a rare condition and comprises less than 1% of all cases of head and neck cancer. The treatment options include surgery, radiotherapy or a combination of both depending on the stage of malignancy and the cosmetic outcome. Aesthesis is an important factor while deciding on surgical management of early ma...

Malignant melanoma of nose and paranasal sinus is a rare and devastating disease. The incidence of intranasal malignant melanomas varies from 0.6 to 3.8%. Extensive local invasion, tumor recurrence, distant metastasis accounts for the poor prognosis with advanced stage having mean survival time of 3.5 years. Here we report 2 cases of malignant mela...

Aim: To analyse the use of autologous PRP to improve graft uptake and benefit on hearing after myringoplasty Objectives: To compare pre and post-operative graft uptake and audiological benefit following myringoplasty with and without PRP. Method:Total 70 patients diagnosed with chronic suppurative otitis media tubotympanic type were divided into g...

Chronic rhinosinusitis has an incidence of 15% in India. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), in case of failed medical management, is the current treatment protocol in Chronic rhinosinusitis. This study aims to assess the outcome of FESS as measured by subjective quality of life indices; Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI) and Sinonasal...

Keratosis obturans (KO) is a rare disease involving the bony external auditory canal due to hyperkeratosis of epidermis and disturbance in the epithelial migration process resulting in deafness, otalgia, and inflammation of the ear canal skin. Complications are extremely rare. Here, we present a case of KO in an elderly female presenting as a posta...

A 60-year-old man presented to Department of Otorhinolaryngology with hoarseness of voice since one year, dysphagia and dyspnea since two months and noisy breathing since two weeks. He had undergone emergency tracheostomy for stridor in another hospital a week before. He gave a history of smoking 15 cigarettes per day for 40 years, which, he stoppe...

Angiectatic sinonasal polyps are uncommon. However, riveting nature of this polyp lies in its clinical presentation mimicking a neoplasm. It is radiologically very challenging to pick up this lesion in spite of its characteristic findings on imaging. Histopathology is paramount for asserting diagnosis. We report a rare case of a patient who present...

Introduction Computed tomography (CT) imaging is the choice of investigation for evaluation of extent of tumor under the mucosa, locally and regionally. This study was undertaken to assess the accuracy of preoperative CT imaging in the staging of carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, all cases...

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is one of most common surgeries in otorhinolaryngology practice. It is done in the narrow confines of the nasal cavity. Bleeding into the surgical field is a major problem faced by endoscopic surgeons. To assess the effectiveness of pterygopalatine fossa infiltration with lignocaine and adrenaline in contr...

Lymphoepithelial cysts of parotid are known to occur in HIV patients. In the present report, lymphoepithelial cyst of parotid was diagnosed in a middle aged immunocompetent patient, along with chronic otitis media. The source of infection and treatment options are summarized.

Fungiaremoreoftenthanpreviouslybelieved to be the causative organisms of paranasal sinusitis. Aspergillus, a fungus belonging to the Ascomycetes class, accounts for the majority of these infections, which affect not only debilitated patients but healthy people as well. Despite this ubiquity, aspergillosis of the sphenoid sinus as an isolated diseas...

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of thyroid is a very rare malignant disease because thyroid gland lacks squamous cells. The disease is almost fatal. Only around 60 cases have been reported in literature. Its incidence is less than 1 % of all thyroid malignancies. The overall survival rate is less than 1 year after the diagnosis. Here we report a ra...

Introduction: Percutaneous tracheostomy (PCT) has become popular all over the world during the past two decades. Our aim was to record the learning curve, safety and complications of percutaneous tracheostomy, when introduced in a teaching hospital and also compare it with the conventional open procedure. We also analyzed the various parameters whi...

Among the parapharyngeal tumours, salivary gland tumours are the commonest, followed by schwannomas, which are slow growing benign tumours. Half of the parapharyngeal schwannomas originate from the vagus. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. We hereby present two cases of parapharyngeal schwannomas, one which had presented as an i...

Oral malignant melanoma is a rare aggressive neoplasm commonly affects males and is more frequently seen at the level of the hard palate and gingiva. In many cases, melanoma has evolved from the pre-existing pigmented lesions. These neoplasms are biologically aggressive, but they often go unnoticed since they usually present merely as a hyperpigm...

Neurofibromas are circumscribed but nonencapsulated neoplasms of the nervous system. They are relatively common in the nervous system, but only a few have been reported in ear. Here, we report a case of a 38-year-old female who presented with the complaints of right ear pain and right ear obstruction. Examination revealed a mass in external auditor...

Rhinoliths are calcareous concretions that are formed by the deposition of salts on an intranasal foreign body. These are uncommon clinical entities reported in clinical practice as unusual cause of unilateral nasal obstruction and foul smelling nasal discharge. It should be suspected when patient presents with nasal symptoms and found to have ston...

Cervical vagal schwannoma is an extremely rare neoplasm. Middle aged people are usually affected. These tumors usually present as asymptomatic masses. These tumors are almost always benign. Preoperative diagnosis of these lesions is important due to the morbidity associated with its excision. Preoperative tissue diagnosis is not accurate. The imagi...

Background: Considering the uprising number of Head and neck cancer in the state with limited options of medical and surgical treatment, the focus of this study involved on chemotherapy in advanced Head and neck cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of combination of Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil (PF) as induction...

Introduction: The treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis continues to be a challenge to the otolaryngologist, head and neck surgeon even today. Numerous surgical procedures have been proposed to improve the patient’s airway insufficiency without leaving the patient with a breathy, weak voice or an incompetent larynx. In this study we compared...

Adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC) of the head and neck are relatively rare tumors, consisting of approximately 10-15% of all salivary gland neoplasms. ACC, a slow-growing aggressive malignant tumor of salivary gland commonly seen in the submandibular, sublingual, minor salivary glands is seldom found in the parotid. Calculus, the common cause of sali...

Aim and Objectives: To evaluate the role of electronystagmography (ENG) in the diagnosis of balance disorders, to localize the level of lesion in cases of vertigo, and to classify the etiology into peripheral and central causes. Materials and Methods: This study included 120 patients who presented with primary complaints of vertigo or dizziness. Th...

Objective: To study the efficiency of surgical management for atrophic rhinitis, to study the complications following surgeries and to study the quality of life following the management in 82 patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of 82 patients who were treated for atrophic rhinitis in tertiary care hospital at the coastal Karnataka...

Myxomas have a common histologic appearance of myxoid ground substance and are classified in group of soft tissue tumors. According to literature myxomas occurring in every decade of life have been reported. Very often intraoral soft tissue myxoma can be misinterpreted as malignant and are difficult to differentiate from the other tumours with myxo...

Primary tuberculosis of the oropharynx and nasopharynx is a rare clinical entity.It usually arises secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis. We report a rare case of a 20-year-female, who presented with fever and throat pain. Examination revealed hypertrophied adenoids and tonsils, which was ultimately proved as tuberculosis.Enlargement of the palatine...

Primary external auditory canal malignancies are very rare; in which, adenoid cystic carcinoma is extremely rare tumour accounting for approximately 5%. Majority of the patients presents with unilateral severe or dull aching constant ear pain of prolonged duration, reduced hearing and mass in the External Ear. These tumours are treated with aggress...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To study the various etiological factors, the relation between haematinic deficiencies and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a prospective study to find out the aetiopathogenesis of RAS. A detailed history of 50 patients with RAS was taken with emphasis on etiological factors causing RAS such as...