Vijay Kumar

Manipal Academy of Higher Education | MAHE · Department of Paediatric Surgery

Surgery of a child is a stressful event for the parents and the family. Pain management is an important part of treatment among children undergoing surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to examine the parent satisfaction level related to child’s post-operative pain management. The study included 160 mothers of children aged 2-7 years under...

Abstract Background Paediatric postoperative pain management has developed rapidly, however children have remained untreated for postoperative pain because of difficulty in pain assessment and lack of awareness about standardized pain assessment tools and management interventions. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of nurse assisted distraction s...

Hydronephrosis involves the dilatation of the renal pelvis, calyces and ureter. It develops secondary to urinary tract obstruction and leads to a build-up of backpressure in the urinary tract. It can affect unilateral or bilateral kidneys and is caused either by blocking urine flow to the bladder or the urine is leaking backward through the reflux....

Purpose: Recommendations from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) emphasize the critical need to understand current trends in fertility preservation (FP) among the two sets of primary health care providers involved in oncofertility: the oncologists and the gynecologists. This study is aimed at understanding the health care providers' k...

Background: The preterm infants admitted to a high-tech Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) are defenseless to the adverse effects of the NICU, especially the noise present in the environment of the NICU. Aim of the Study: To determine the behavioral responses of preterm infants exposed to noise in the NICU. Materials and Method: Noise levels in th...

Materials and methods: Record of 233 patients under 18 years of age who underwent appendectomy from 2005 to 2014 was evaluated. Based on perioperative findings of the surgeon, the patients were grouped under categories simple acute appendicitis (SAA) and CAA. Information such as age, gender, and laboratory investigations of the patients were recor...

Background: The highly sophisticated Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) exposes preterm infants to constant unexpected stimuli especially noise, impacting their growth and development. Modifying the environment of the NICU by provision of patterned stimuli like music is essential. There is a paucity of data from large and well-conducted trials on...

Background: Advances in neonatal care have resulted in improved survival of neonates admitted to the intensive care of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). However, the NCU may be an inappropriate milieu, with presence of overwhelming stimuli, most potent being the continuous presence of noise in the ambience of the NICU. Aim and Objectives: To...

Background Myoepitheliomas account for less than 1% of salivary gland tumors. They mostly affect the parotid glands of adults during the third to fifth decades. Case presentation A 10-year-old Indian boy reported a small swelling in the roof of his mouth of 10 days’ duration. History revealed that the lesion was painless and not associated with bl...

Background: Developmental anomalies of the Mullerian duct system are some of the most intriguing and challenging disorders that gynaecologists and surgeons encounter in their practice. Case: We report a 16-year-old adolescent girl with regular menstrual cycles, who presented with recurrent cyclical abdominal pain for which she had undergone two...

Rib osteomyelitis (OM) is a rare disease that occurs in ∼1% or less of all haematogenous OM. Acute OM of the rib has rarely been reported and its treatment is difficult. Prompt recognition and aggressive treatment will reduce mortality and morbidity in a new born.

Background: Thermographic imaging is a non-invasive and radiation free imaging modality that measures the infrared radiation released by the body. Recently, there is a renewed interest regarding the scope of thermal imaging for breast cancer. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of thermographic breast imaging in detecting breast cancer. Methods...

Amongst the varied, diverse causes of intraabdominal masses in infancy and early childhood, gastric teratomas (GTs) account for a very small proportion. A worldwide literature search reveals only around one hundred cases of GT and also supports the fact that its preoperative diagnosis remains elusive. Here we report the case of a two-month-old male...

Screening for breast cancer enables early detection by which curative treatment can be possible. While mammography is the current gold standard for screening, it has low sensitivity in younger women and its harmful X-rays in frequent screening can increase the risk of cancer. Incidence rates are rising in younger women, causing a relook at thermogr...

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an extremely variable genetic disorder that can affect virtually any organ in the body. Disease manifestations continue to develop over the lifetime of an affected individual. Many manifestations can be life threatening; appropriate surveillance and management are necessary to limit morbidity and mortality in thi...

Thyroid Ectopia is a developmental defect which occurs during the stage of early embryogenesis of the Thyroid gland. A frequent presentation is around the course of the thyroglossal duct in the neck, a normal path of thyroid gland descent. If Thyroid Ectopia is mistaken for a Thyroglossal Duct Cyst and is removed unintentionally, it would cause hyp...

Background A rotavirus vaccine could soon become part of India's national immunization program. However the occurrence of intussusception due to rotavirus vaccine is a potential safety concern. This surveillance aimed at the collection of baseline data on childhood intussusception which would facilitate the monitoring of intussusception cases after...

We describe a novel method to monitor pulse rate (PR) on a continuous basis of patients in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) using videos taken from a high definition (HD) webcam. We describe algorithms that determine PR from videoplethysmographic (VPG) signals extracted from multiple regions of interest (ROI) simultaneously available within th...

The aim of this study was to validate the content and check the reliability of a tool to assess the behavior of the preterm infants aged 28 - 33 weeks of gestational Age following a Developmental Supportive Care (DSC) Intervention. A multidisciplinary panel of seven national and international experts was selected to assess, review, and suggest modi...

Gastric Teratoma is an extremely rare neoplasm seen in children. It is mostly benign and predominantly seen in males presenting with an abdominal mass. The lung and stomach are very unusual sites for teratoma. Gastric teratoma accounts for less than 1% of all teratomas, less than 100 cases are reported in literature. We report a case in a 20-day-ol...

Hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma is a rare benign tumor. We present an unusual case of a fetal abdominal cyst, later diagnosed histopathologically to be mesenchymal hamartoma of liver. The organ of origin was indeterminate on both prenatal and postnatal ultrasounds. As there are no specific sonological findings, whenever a large multicystic fetal...

Subcutaneous phycomycosis is a rare fungal infection of the deeper layers of skin. We describe a representative case. A 10-year-old boy presented with a large swelling on the back of 3 months duration. Biopsy of the lesion confirmed the diagnosis of subcutaneous phycomycosis. There was complete resolution of the lesion after treatment with oral pot...

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of mothers of children admitted in the pediatric surgery ward. Respondents consisted of a convenience sample of 10 mothers. Data were collected through in-depth interview and were analyzed based on the synthetic approach to grounded theory analysis. The core category that emerged from the ana...

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of mothers of children admitted in the pediatric surgery ward. Respondents consisted of a convenience sample of 10 mothers. Data were collected through in-depth interview and were analyzed based on the synthetic approach to grounded theory analysis. The core category that emerged from the ana...

The sternocleidomastoid tumor of infancy (STOI), also known as fibromatosis colli, presents as a firm well circumscribed mass within the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) in infants of 1-8 weeks of age. Some of these lesions are associated with torticollis, facial and cranial asymmetry. Incidence of STOI is approximately 0.4% of live births and usua...

The authors report a rare case of Chromobacterium violaceum infection in a 2-month-old child. She presented with an apparently localized abscess, which appeared to respond well to therapy. However, the infection recurred later with a fulminant course. The organism frequently is dismissed as a contaminant or not identified properly, and the fatality...

Spontaneous biliary perforation (SBP) is a rare, surgically correctable cause of jaundice in neonates. The presenting feature is usually biliary ascites, and in rare cases, biliary peritonitis. This article reports a case of SBP, which presented with features of gastric outlet obstruction, leading to an erroneous preoperative diagnosis. Most probab...

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) classically occurs in stressed low birth weight infants and carries a high mortality rate. Although it has been sporadically described in other settings, it has not been frequently cited as a postoperative complication. This paper presents a case of annular pancreas whose postoperative course was complicated by the d...