Victoriano Pujalte- Professor
- Professor Emeritus at University of the Basque Country
Victoriano Pujalte
- Professor
- Professor Emeritus at University of the Basque Country
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156
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September 1980 - present
Publications
Publications (156)
Paleocene deposits of the Subbetic Zone (southern Spain) provide outstanding evidence of the influence of sea mountains on deep marine currents. This part of the Betic Cordillera External Zones corresponds to the distal and deepest area of the original basin, where hemipelagic sedimentation prevailed during most of the Turonian-early Lutecian inter...
A short episode (~170 kyr) of extremely high global temperatures that occurred ~56 Ma, known as the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, is widely considered an ancient analogue of the ongoing anthropogenic warming. This ancient hyperthermal event consisted of three phases, onset, core and recovery, which are respectively represented in the mid-latitu...
A massive emission of light carbon about 56 Ma, recorded in marine and terrestrial sediments by a negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE), caused a short-lived (~170 kyr) global warming event known as the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). The onset and core of this event is represented in the south Pyrenean Tremp-Graus Basin by two successiv...
A massive emission of light carbon about 56 Ma ago, recorded in marine and terrestrial sediments by a negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE), caused a short-lived (~170 kyr) global warming event known as the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). The core of this event is represented in the south Pyrenean Tremp-Graus Basin by two successive allu...
The Olivares Formation, a lower Paleogene unit of the Subbetic Zone in Southern Spain, is mostly composed of calcarenites comprising 60–90% of resedimented Microcodium remains, which are intercalated in hemipelagic marls rich in planktonic foraminifera. Microcodium is formed on the roots of terrestrial plants adapted to live on carbonate-rich subst...
The Danian−early Selandian Olivares and Majalcorón formations
are two calcarenite units rich in Microcodium remains that were accumulated
in a marine hemipelagic setting of the Subbetic Zone (Betic
Cordillera, southern Spain). Their outcrops are restricted to relatively
small areas surrounded by uplifted Jurassic calcareous massifs, some of
them wi...
During the greenhouse conditions prevailing in the early–middle Eocene, larger benthic foraminifers (LBF) spread out on carbonate platforms worldwide while rhodolith beds were scarcely represented. This reduction in rhodolith beds coincided with a relative decrease in coralline algal diversity and with a drastic decline of coral reef abundance. Mid...
Subaqueous mass‐flow transformation has been considered to involve a series of steps (slide, slump, debris flow, and turbidity current). Recent studies have shown that other processes, such as reconcentration of turbidity currents and substrate entrainment (bulldozing), can interfere this evolution. To date, exactly how bulldozing operates has not...
This chapter deals with the two Alpine Foreland Basins of the Iberian Peninsula. The first part of the chapter refers to the South Pyrenean Foreland Basin and its westward prolongation, the Basque–Cantabrian Paleogene Basin. It includes: (1) the introductory concepts about the basin extend, margins, sedimentary systems, basin evolution and segmenta...
La Formación Frontada supuso la continuación del relleno de la Cuenca de Aguilar durante la fase Rift del Jurásico Superior-Cretácico Inferior, tras la fase inicial de depósito de la Formación Aguilar. Ambas unidades muestran un carácter aluvio-palustre, si bien, en la Formación Frontada aparecen de forma muy abundante estructuras relacionadas con...
An expanded record (~14 m)of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), a transient period of extreme global warming that occurred ~56 million years ago, has been found based on calcareous nannofossil and foraminifera stratigraphy in the deep marine Río Gor section, Subbetic Zone, SE Spain. During the early Palaeogene the Subbetic Zone was situat...
Figs. A1-A2. Detailed lithologic column for the interval 0–54 m (zero level at the K/T boundary).
Fig. B1. Vertical range of selected species and resulting biozonation for planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils within the Danian Limestone Fm. in the Zumaia section (see also Table A1).
Table A1. Vertical position and tuned ages of rel...
Field photograph of the Ibaeta section with the retrieved magnetostratigraphy and numbering of the precession related P-cycles above de Mid-Paleocene Biotic Event (MPBE) event.
The Artadi section. Overturned uppermost Danian interval including the Danian/Selandian boundary
The Danian carbonates exposed in the Urbasa–Andia plateau (western Pyrenees, North Spain) provide the opportunity to examine at different scales the facies types and architecture of a greenhouse ramp to rimmed shelf from the slope to coralgal reefal margin through to the highly restricted evaporitic inner shelf areas, integrated with a range of por...
Research interest in the early Paleogene was greatly enhanced after the recognition of several short-lived warming events in that period (hyperthermals), considered ancient analogues of the ongoing warming of the Earth climate. In the Caravaca and Alamedilla sections, the previously most studied lower Paleogene sections of the Subbetic Zone (Betic...
Research interest in the early Paleogene was greatly enhanced after the recognition of several short-lived warming events in that period (hyperthermals), considered ancient analogues of the ongoing warming of the Earth climate. In the Caravaca and Alamedilla sections, the previously most studied lower Paleogene sections of the Subbetic Zone (Betic...
Throughout most of the 19th and 20th centuries, studies of Paleogene stratigraphy carried out in the Iberian Peninsula lagged behind those of northern Europe. More recently, however, Iberian contributions on this topic have increased in both number and importance. This is highlighted by the definition of several global stratotype sections and point...
The La Pardina Formation is a siliciclastic-dominated unit up to 26 m thick intercalated within a 300 m thick Danian–lower Ilerdian succession of shallow marine carbonates in the southern Pyrenees. The unit is composed of four interdigitated facies, three of them of a coarse-grained siliciclastic character (Sf1, Sf2, Sf3), and the fourth one compos...
The accumulation of the Aguilar Formation (Campóo Group), as a result of the onset of the later Jurassic – early Cretaceous Rift phase, supposed an important sedimentary break above the previous Jurassic marine succession. There is not sedimentary record from this time (Middle Callovian – Late Tithonian), however, the laminar calcretes included int...
The fluvio-palustrine deposits of the Campóo Group were accumulated in the fault-bounded Aguilar Basin (N of Palencia province) under conditions of pulsating extensional tectonism. The accommodation space created during phases of accelerated tectonism of the four main pulses recognized was not compensated by fluvial input, resulting in the expansio...
The Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) is
represented in numerous shallow and deep marine sections of the
south–central and western Pyrenees by a 2–4 m thick unit (locally up to
20 m) of clays or marly clays intercalated within a carbonate-dominated
succession. This unit records a massive input into the Pyrenean Gulf of
fine-grained terrestria...
The Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) is represented in numerous shallow and deep marine sections of the south-central and western Pyrenees by a 2–4 m thick unit (locally ca. 20 m) of clays or marly clays intercalated within a carbonate-dominated succession. The massive input of fine-grained terrestrial siliciclastics into the Pyrenean Gulf r...
The magnetostratigraphy of a 54 m long section above the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary at the sea-cliff section of Zumaia in the Basque basin (Northern Spain) has been established The section encompasses the entire Danian and the lower part of the Selandian stages as indicated by calcareous plankton biostratigraphy (planktic foraminifera and calcare...
Astronomical tuning of sedimentary records to precise orbital solutions has led to unprecedented resolution in the geological time scale. However, the construction of a consistent astronomical time scale for the Paleocene is controversial due to uncertainties in the recognition of the exact number of 405-kyr eccentricity cycles and accurate correla...
We present an integrated cyclo-magnetostratigraphy, nannofossil biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and quantitative calcareous nannofossil study for the Upper Maastrichtian interval of two distant hemipelagic sections: Sopelana, Basque Basin and Bjala, Bulgaria. Both sections display similar rhythmic sedimentary successions imprinted by astrono...
The astronomical time scale for the Paleocene is hampered by some uncertainties including discrepant number of 405-kyr eccentricity related cycles and correlation schemes among key records being proposed by different authors (Westerhold et al., 2008; Kuiper et al., 2008; Hilgen et al., 2010). Here we present a new Danian correlation framework resol...
The issue of whether major and rapid global sea-level changes existed on a preglacial Earth can be resolved by the detailed study of the Paleocene–Eocene (P–E) interval, where a large and rapid carbon isotope excursion linked to an important global warming event, the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum, allows for high-resolution correlation between t...
We present a comprehensive, integrated, cyclo-magnetostratigraphic analysis and study of the calcareous nannofossils of the Upper Maastrichtian hemipelagic succession in three sections of the Basque Basin (Zumaia, Sopelana and Hendaia). The sections were correlated at bed-by-bed scale through careful analysis of the lithological stacking pattern an...
We present a new Danian correlation framework between the land-based Zumaia and Sopelana sections from the Basque Basin and marine-based sections drilled during ODP Legs 198 (Shatsky Rise, North Pacific) and 208 (Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic) that brings magnetostratigraphy and the short- and long eccentricity cycle patterns compatible among the re...
The Global Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Middle Eocene Lutetian Stage has recently been defined at the calcareous nannofossil CP12a/b zonal boundary at the Gorrondatxe section (Biscay, Basque Country). In terms of planktonic foraminifera, the lowest occurrence of a species defined at this section, namely Morozovella gorrondatxens...
Astronomical tuning of sedimentary records to precise orbital solutions has led to unprecedented resolution in the geological time scale. However, the construction of a consistent astronomical time scale for the Paleocene is controversial due to uncertainties in the recognition of the exact number of 405-kyr eccentricity cycles and accurate correla...
We have undertaken a comprehensive, integrated, cyclo-magnetostratigraphic analysis and study of the calcareous nannofossils of the Upper Maastrichtian hemipelagic succession in three sections of the Basque Basin (Zumaia, Sopelana and Hendaia). The sections were correlated at bed-by-bed scale through careful analysis of the lithological stacking pa...
Terra Nova, 24, 477–486, 2012
The early Cenozoic, which is punctuated by several negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs), was a time of climatic and oceanographic transition from ‘Greenhouse’ to ‘Icehouse’ conditions. The occurrence of a ∼0.5‰ CIE starting at the top of Chron C27n (TC27N) is reconfirmed with stable isotope data from Zumaia (Spain...
The early Cenozoic, which is punctuated by several negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs), was a time of climatic and oceanographic transition from “Greenhouse” to “Icehouse” conditions. The occurrence of a ~0.5‰ CIE starting at the top of Chron C27n (TC27N) is reconfirmed with stable isotope data from Zumaia (Spain), and Bjala (Bulgaria) locali...
Terra Nova, 24, 310–317, 2012
The Zumaia section, the most complete and representative section of the early Palaeogene (hemi)-pelagic succession of the Pyrenees, is widely acknowledged as a key reference for the Palaeocene–Eocene boundary. New high-resolution δ13Corg of the Zumaia section (−23.8 to −28.8‰) confirms the position of the Carbon Isotop...
The early Cenozoic, which is punctuated by several negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs), was a time of climatic and oceanographic transition from “Greenhouse” to “Icehouse” conditions. The occurrence of a ~0.5‰ CIE starting at the top of Chron C27n (TC27N) is reconfirmed with stable isotope data from Zumaia (Spain), and Bjala (Bulgaria) locali...
The global stratotype sections and points for the bases of the Selandian (Middle Paleocene) and Thanetian (Upper Paleocene) stages have been defined in the coastal cliff along the Itzurun Beach at the town of Zumaia in the Basque Country, northern Spain. In the hemipelagic section exposed at Zumaia the base of the Selandian Stage has been placed at...
The GSSP for the base of the Lutetian Stage (early/ middle Eocene boundary) is defined at 167.85 metres in the Gorrondatxe sea-cliff section (NW of Bilbao city, Basque Country, northern Spain; 43º22'46.47" N, 3º 00' 51.61" W). This dark marly level coincides with the lowest occurrence of the calcareous nannofossil Blackites inflatus (CP12a/b bounda...
The GSSP for the base of the Lutetian Stage (early/middle Eocene boundary) is defined at 167.85 metres in the Gorrondatxe sea-cliff section (NW of Bilbao city, Basque Country, northern Spain; 43°22'46.47"N, 3°00'51.61" W). This dark marly level coincides with the lowest occurrence of the calcareous nannofossil Blackites inflatus (CP12a/b boundary),...
The origin and distribution of late Maastrichtian – early Palaeocene clay mineral associations were investigated in the Tremp-Graus basin (South Pyrenees, Spain) to assess palaeoclimate changes during that period. The studied succession is made up of expanded continental and transitional terrigeneous and carbonate deposits accumulated in a coastal...
If the ongoing phenomenon of global warming prevails, three main consequences are expected in tropical seas: a higher sea level, a reduction in coral reefs and more intense cyclones. What will shallow-marine carbonate systems be like? Insights can be gained from the Pyrenean Urbasa–Andia Formation, a transgressive heterozoan-like foralgal (larger f...
In addition to the mapping, a comprehensive stratigraphic study of outcropping Late Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Early Eocene series was carried out. This study was supported by analyses of the larger foraminifera faunas included in these series as dating and correlation tools and by magnetostratigraphic studies. Special attention was paid to the Pal...
It has long been known that a major larger foraminifera turnover (LFT) occurred at the boundary between the Thanetian and Ilerdian stages, but its possible correlation with the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) was unsuspected until the work of Baceta (1996), and has been controversial ever since. After summarizing the history of this controv...
The Antioch Church core from central Alabama, spanning the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-P) boundary, was investigated by a multi-proxy approach to study paleoenvironmental and sea level changes within the wellconstrained sequence stratigraphic setting of the Gulf of Mexico margin. The Antioch Church core comprises the Maastrichtian calcareous nannoplank...
The Ilerdian Stage was created by Hottinger and Schaub in 1960 to accommodate a significant phase in the evolution of larger foraminifera not recorded in the northern European basins, and has since been adopted by most researchers working on shallow marine early Paleogene deposits of the Tethys domain. One of the defining criteria of the stage is a...
This report describes a macrofloral fossil assemblage discovered in travertine deposits of the Tithonian-Berriasian Aguilar Formation (provinces of Palencia and Burgos, N Spain). The assemblage includes megaremains of a single species of Filicales (Cladophlebis denticulata) and of eleven taxa tentatively identified as Bennettitales (Otozamites mund...
The Early/Middle Eocene (Ypresian/Lutetian) transition is represented by a hiatus in many North European sections, including those in which the classic stratotypes were originally defined. However, the Global Stratotype Section and Point of the Lutetian Stage, which is still pending definition, should be placed at a globally correlatable event incl...
The Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximun (PETM) had earlier been documented in basinal and
continental settings of the Pyrenean basin clastic units. In this work new data are added from comparatively
less well-known platform interior successions outcropping at the Ordesa and Monte Perdido National
Park. There, the PETM is recorded by comparatively thin...
The benthic foraminiferal turnover and extinction event (BEE) as- sociated with the negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE) across the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) is analyzed in the Zumaia section (Spain), one of the most complete and expanded deep-water sequences known worldwide. New biostratigraphic, pa- leoecologic, and paleoenvironm...
Palaeocene depositional sequences and their constituent systems tracts (ST) have been recognized and studied in the deep-water interplate Basque basin and in the adjacent north Iberian shelf (western Pyrenees, north Spain). In addition, re-examination of the Palaeocene of the north Pyrenean basin strongly suggests that a similar set of sequences al...
It has long been known that a major larger foraminifera turnover (LFT) occurred at the boundary between the Thanetian and Ilerdian stages, but its possible correlation with the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) was unsuspected until the work of Baceta (1996), and has been controversial ever since. After summa-rizing the history of this contro...
The development of orbital timescales has made notable and decisive steps in the last 10 years. The GTS2004 Geological Time Scale included an astronomical tuned timescale comprising the entire Neogene (i.e back to �23 Ma). Tuning for older ages is hampered by inaccuracy of the numerical solutions for the Solar System despite the advent of full nume...
Calciclastic submarine fans are rare in the stratigraphic record and no bona fide present-day analogue has been described to date. Possibly because of that, and although calciclastic submarine fans have long intrigued deep-water carbonate sedimentologists, they have largely been overlooked by the academic and industrial communities. To fill this ga...
An integrated magneto-, bio- and cyclostratigraphic framework is presented for the Mid-Palaeocene interval from the (hemi)pelagic sea-cliff section of Zumaia in the Basque basin. The new ∼ 55 m long studied section expands about 3.5 Myr and closes the gap between previously published integrated studies in the section. The occurrence of magnetochron...
A complete transect of a fossil carbonate ramp slope has been reconstructed using outcrop data from the Lower-Middle Eocene Anotz Formation in the western Pyrenees. The Anotz Formation contains four calciclastic (mostly bioclastic) members encased within hemipelagic marl/limestone alternations, each calciclastic member representing a submarine fan...
An extensive palaeokarst porosity system, developed during a pronounced mid-Paleocene third-order lowstand of sea level, is hosted in Danian limestones of the Urbasa–Andia plateau in north Spain. These limestones were deposited on a 40–50 km wide rimmed shelf with a margin characterised by coralgal buildups and coarse-grained bioclastic accumulatio...
A prominent increase in atmospheric CO2 at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary, ca. 55 Ma, led to the warmest Earth of the Cenozoic for ˜100 k.y. High-resolution studies of continental flood-plain sediment records across this boundary can provide crucial information on how the hydrological cycle responds to rapidly changing CO2. Here we show from contine...
The ~10 Myr long Paleocene Epoch is bounded by two of the most popular and studied chronostratigraphic limits, the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary at its base and the Paleocne/Eocene (P/E) boundary at the top. The Paleocene time scale has relied on an age model for magnetic polarity chrons derived from a cubic-spline fit of marine magnetic anoma...
Analyses of expanded (1975 to 3330 m thick) deep-marine Ypresian–Lutetian successions from the Pamplona and Basque basins (W Pyrenees) demonstrate a recurring pattern of coeval sedimentary and biotic changes: intervals rich in resedimented deposits are typified by high-latitude planktonic foraminiferal indices, whereas intervals devoid of large-sca...
The rate of recovery of photic reefal ecosystems after the Cretaceous–Tertiary crisis is controversial. Most reports from earlier authors concluded that Paleogene reef systems did not completely recover from that crisis at least until Oligocene–Miocene times. Several other authors, however, have pointed out that such conclusion was biased by poor p...
The Zumaia Section (western Pyrenees) contains one of the most complete and expanded deep-water successions across the Paleocene-Eocene transition so far described. The succession, which is rich in well preserved microfossils, outcrops continuously along sea cliffs and has been the subject of cyclostratigraphic, micropaleontologic, magnetostratigra...
Studies conducted in the last decade have revealed the Pyrenean area as a key region to understand the P/E boundary events. Besides its strategic paleogeographical position, approximately 35°N in the netevaporation zone and between the classic stratotypic sections of the NW Europe and the newly proposed GSSP in Egypt, the Pyrenean area has numerous...
The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:
ID - 297
The Zumaia Section (western Pyrenees) contains one of the most complete and expanded deep-water successions across
the Paleocene-Eocene transition so far described. The succession, which is rich in well preserved microfossils, outcrops
continuously along sea cliffs and has been the subject of cyclostratigraphic, micropaleontologic, magnetostratigra...
The magnetostratigraphy of a 54-m-long section above the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary at the sea-cliff section of Zumaia in the Basque basin (northern Spain) has been established. The section encompasses the entire Danian and the lower part of the Selandian stages as indicated by calcareous plankton biostratigraphy. The studied interval consists of...
The magnetostratigraphy of a 54 m long section above the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary at the sea-cliff section of Zumaia in the Basque basin (Northern Spain) has been established The section encompasses the entire Danian and the lower part of the Selandian stages as indicated by calcareous plankton biostratigraphy (planktic foraminifera and calcare...
In two continental sections in the Tremp basin, northern Spain, the initial Eocene thermal maximum (also known as the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum) is registered by an ˜60/00 fall in delta13C values in soil carbonate nodules. High-resolution correlations, using the delta13C excursion, can be made to nearby shelf and bathyal marine settings, all...
Upper Thanetian strata of the Campo section, in the southern Pyrenees, were assigned by previous authors to geomagnetic Chron C25r. Such attribution, however, is rendered obsolete by the discovery of Oiscoaster multiradiatus in beds situated 35 m below the Thanetian-1/erdian boundary, since this calcareous nannofossil first appeared within C25n. Fu...
