Victor Songmene

École de Technologie Supérieure · Mechanical Engineering

The present work was aimed at quantifying the effects of Ni addition in the range of 0–4% together with 0.3%Zr on the hardness and the tensile properties, volume fraction of intermetallics, and changes in size and distribution of phase precipitation in Sr-modified Al-9%Si-2%Cu-0.6%Mg cast alloys. The study was mainly carried out using high-resoluti...

High-speed milling (HSM) of Ti-6Al-4V is subjected to complex thermo-mechanical loads, leading to alteration in metallurgical conditions within the cutting deformation zones, adversely impacting the mechanical performances of manufactured products. Hence, inclusive insight into microstructural alterations within the Adiabatic Shear Band (ASB) and t...

High-speed milling (HSM) of Ti-6Al-4V is subjected to complex thermo-mechanical loads, leading to alteration in metallurgical conditions within the cutting deformation zones, adversely impacting the mechanical performances of manufactured products. Hence, inclusive insight into microstructural alterations within the Adiabatic Shear Band (ASB) and t...

The present study focuses on the dry and wet end milling of three distinct Aluminum 7075 alloys: A7075, A7075–Sc (with a 0.18% Sc addition), and A7075–Li–Sc (containing 2.2% Li and 0.18% Sc additions). The main objective is to explore how cutting parameters (cutting speed and feed rate), heat treatment, alloy composition, and cooling methods influe...

The present study was performed on an Al-6% Cu-0.7%Si alloy, and 319 and 356 alloys following different heat treatments. The main task was to evaluate the drilling and tapping characteristics of the Al-Cu alloy with respect to the Al-Si based 319 and 356 alloys. The drilling work was carried out on a Huron K2X8five CNC machine at 15,000 rpm with co...

Grain refining is considered one of the most important liquid metal processing processes for aluminum alloys. Three different types of grain morphology are possible: columnar, twin columnar and equiaxed. The present work reviews most of the theories that were proposed during the past three decades. These theories were mainly based on thermal analys...

In this study, the effects of heat treatment on the microstructure and strength (micro-hardness) of an aluminum–lithium (Al-Li) base alloy containing copper (Cu) and scandium (Sc) were investigated, with a view to enhancing the alloy performance for aerospace applications. The heat treatment conditions were investigated to understand the precipitat...

The present analysis addresses the solidification and thermodynamic parameters involved during the solidification of aluminum (Al)-based alloys as presented in the literature using different systems viz., binary aluminum-boron (Al-B) and aluminum-titanium (Al-Ti) systems, ternary aluminum-titanium-boron (Al-Ti-B) and aluminum-titanium-carbon (Al-Ti...

The present work was carried out on A413.1cast alloy that was characterized by short freezing temperature range. Measured amounts of high purity (99.99%) rare earth metals (Ce, La, La + Ce) were added to the non-modified and Sr-modified molten metal. Three casting molds were used viz., graphite mold heated at 600°C for the purpose of obtaining soli...

Aluminum alloys with 40 to 50 wt.% silicon content are potential material candidates for the manufacturing of satellite components. These materials have excellent thermal and mechanical stabilities, but machining complex components from these alloys is facing many challenges. The present study was performed on an aluminum-high silicon alloy (50–50...

The present article addresses solidification parameters, and includes analyses of the macrostructure and microstructure in the light of the results obtained from the thermal analysis, from which it is possible to conclude that undercooling (TS) and recalescence (TR) temperatures increase with the initial increase in titanium (Ti) concentration. If...

The residual stresses state that a mechanical part obtained after machining is a crucial factor that impacts its in-service performance. This stress state is influenced by the thermomechanical loads exerted on the parts during the machining process, which are, in turn, determined by the tool parameters, process, and machining conditions. The aim of...

The aim of the present research was to study the residual stress variations induced by heat treatment and rough milling operations of large forged steel blocks. The heat treatment process includes quenching and tempering operations. An efficient strategy based on a size sensitivity analysis (SSA) was proposed to reach the actual values of residual...

The main objective of this review is to analyze the equations proposed for expressing the effect of various parameters on porosity formation in aluminum-based alloys. These parameters include alloying elements, solidification rate, grain refining, modification, hydrogen content, as well as the applied pressure on porosity formation in such alloys....

The present work was performed on three versions of a newly developed alloy coded T200 containing 6.5% Cu, 0.1% Fe, 0.45% Mg, and 0.18% Zr in addition to A319 and A356 alloys (grain refined and Sr-modified). Tensile bars were subjected to 13 different heat treatments prior to testing at either 25 °C or 250 °C. The tensile data were analyzed using t...

This paper presents a numerical investigation of the effects of chamfered and sharp cemented carbide tools using finite element method-based DEFORM-2D software and cutting parameters on different machining characteristics during the orthogonal cutting of AISI 1045 steel. The objective is to study the interactions between chamfer width, chamfer angl...

Edge-finishing of granites by grinding is a process frequently used in the granite processing industry to generate the final desired shape and edge quality of products. However, this process releases significant amounts of fine and ultrafine particles (FPs and UFPs) containing crystalline silica. When inhaled, this dust can cause silicosis disease...

The effect of tramp elements, mainly Bi and Ca, on the thermal characteristics of Sr-modified Al-Si-Cu and Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys has been investigated using thermal analysis, X-ray radiography , and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques. The high affinity of Bi to interact with Sr results in an increase in the Al-Si eutectic t...

In this research, an experimental investigation was carried out to investigate the interaction between various turning parameters and different minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) flow rates and compare their effects on chip shape and surface integrity characteristics in low speed turning and high speed turning of AA6061-T6. The turning parameters i...

The present work investigated the effect of aging treatment on the microstructure and tensile properties of an Al-2%Cu base alloy containing various additions of Zr and other alloying elements. Aging was carried out at temperatures of 180–300 °C for different aging times at each temperature. The tensile properties indicated that Zr additions improv...

Particles emitted during manufacturing processes such as polishing can represent a serious danger for the environment and for occupational safety. The formation mechanisms responsible for these dust emissions include chip formation, friction at the tool/workpiece and chip/tool interfaces, shearing and cutting. These mechanisms thus depend on workpi...

This paper presents the development of a numerical model for predicting and studying the effects of tool nose geometries and its interactions with cutting parameters during orthogonal cutting of AISI 1045 steel. The process performance characteristics studied were cutting temperature, effective stress, cutting forces and tool wear. The cutting simu...

In the present study, the statistical design of experiments (DOE) method was applied to study and control the properties of near-eutectic Al-11%Si alloys. In this study, we developed regression equations between response variables, including hardness, yield stress, ultimate tensile stress, elongation, total cutting force, cutting power, and tool li...

Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast (354) alloys are used in the automotive sector owing to their remarkable properties which are achievable after applying appropriate thermal treatments. Zirconium, Nickel, and Manganese were added to this category of Al-alloys to preserve good mechanical properties while being exposed to elevated temperatures for long times. The ult...

In this research, an experimental investigation was carried out to investigate the interaction between various turning parameters and different Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) flow rates and compare their effects on chip shape and surface integrity characteristics in low speed turning and high speed turning of AA6061-T6. The turning parameters i...

In recent years and due to advanced fabrication techniques of composites, many of these functional materials have been brought to the forefront with more benefits. Amongst composites, special attention has been paid to metal matrix composites (MMCs). Reinforced aluminum MMCs with nanoparticles are among the new MMCs with a wide range of industry ap...

The present study was conducted on the machinability of the 396 alloy (containing approximately 11% Si) and the B319.2 alloy mainly to emphasize the effects of Fe-intermetallics, i.e., α-Fe, β-Fe, and sludge. The results demonstrate that the presence of sludge in the form of hard spots has a significant effect on cutting forces and tool life, in th...

The addition of small but effective amounts of free-machining elements to Al–Si casting alloys significantly improves the machinability of these alloys. These added elements, which are softer and have a lower melting point than the matrix alloy, form as small globules dispersed in the microstructure of the aluminum casting. In this form, the disper...

This study was undertaken to emphasize the influence of Sn and Bi addition on the machinability of Sr-modified, grain-refined, and heat-treated Al–Si B319 and 396 alloys. Drilling and tapping tests were conducted to examine the cutting forces, tool life, tool wear, built-up edge evolution, and chip shape. Microstructures were examined using optical...

Factor relationships in a machining system do not work in pairs. Varying the cutting parameters, materials machined, or volumes produced will influence many machining characteristics. For this reason, we are attempting to better understand the effect of the Johnson-Cook (J-C) law of behavior on cutting temperature prediction. Thus, the objective of...

Edge finishing is a shaping process that is extremely important in the granite and marble processing industries. It does not only shape the edge but also makes it shiny and durable. However, this process generates dust (fine and ultrafine particles) that can have a significant impact on air quality in the workshop and can put workers' health at ris...

The first part of this work was to explore the development of residual stresses in I-4 and V-6 engine blocks made of B319.1 alloy using the sectioning technique. The results suggest that there is refinement in the microstructure due to an increase in cooling rate along the cylinder. The developed residual stresses were found to be tensile for both...

This article presents the influence of machining conditions on typical process performance indicators, namely cutting force, specific cutting energy, cutting temperature, tool wear, and fine dust emission during dry milling of CFRPs. The main goal is to determine the machining process window for obtaining quality parts with acceptable tool performa...

The present research study aimed to investigate the influences of turning environments and parameters on machining temperature (MT), machining forces (MFs), and axial surface residual stresses (ASRS) in turning operation of AA6061-T6. Turning environments included DRY, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and WET modes, and turning parameters consis...

Biocomposites are increasingly being applied in the automotive industry. For assembly purpose, drilling process is often performed in these biocomposites parts to produce holes. The machining behavior of biocomposites is affected by the matrix, the reinforcements (nature and size), by the cutting conditions and the mechanical properties of biocompo...

In this study, the results pertaining to the influence of various metallurgical parameters on the tensile properties of Al–Si–Cu–Mg 354-type casting alloys are presented. This is discussed with an emphasis on acquiring an insight regarding the mechanical limits of Al–Si–Cu–Mg 354-type alloys in the context of these parameters, and to obtain an unde...

The present research work aimed at evaluating the effect of Ce and La rare earth (RE) additions on the formation of intermetallics in an Al-8.0Si-2.4Cu-0.4Mg-0.4Fe-0.6Mn-0.15Ti alloy (coded D0). These alloys were solidified at a rate of ~0.7°C/s. Microstructural analyses revealed the presence of two types of RE-containing intermetallic phases: (i)...

The present research work aimed to study the effects of cutting environments and conditions on tool wear and residual stresses induced by orthogonal cutting of AA6061-T6. Cutting environments included dry-and flood-coolant modes and cutting conditions consisted of cutting speed and feed rate. A 2D finite element (FE) model was developed to predict...

The present study was performed on A356 and A413 alloys containing (6–11) %Si. Measured amounts of high-purity La and Ce were added to the molten metal that was allowed thereafter to solidify at a slow rate (~ 0.8 °C/s). The results show that the addition of RE metals (La + Ce) up to 3 wt% leads to an increase in the freezing range through an incre...

The present study was performed on A356 and B319 alloys in mechanically stirred or degassed condition. Melts were Sr-modified and grain-refined. Hydrogen content was varied from less than 0.1 ml/100 g Al to ∼0.4 ml/100 g Al; Fe was increased to 0.8% in B319 alloy. Lanthanum and cerium were added as 99.5% pure metals. Two main techniques were used t...

In the current study, a series of forty-two cast Al–Si–Cu–Mg -based alloys with additions of transition metals (V, Cr, Ni) and rare earth (RE) metals (La, Ce) were prepared and mechanically tested in the as-cast, T5, T6 and T7 heat treatment conditions. The microstructures were investigated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SE...

Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) have found diverse applications in the automotive, space engineering, sporting goods, medical and military sectors. CFRP parts require limited machining such as detouring, milling and drilling to produce the shapes used, or for assembly purposes. Problems encountered while machining CFRP include poor tool pe...

This article discuss the effects of heat treatment and lubrication modes on the machinability of A356 alloy (Al–Si–Mg), the alloy is studied as-received, with solution heat-treated alloy (SHT) as well as with solution heat-treated and then aged at 155 °C, 180 °C, and 220 °C. In the course of machinability evaluation, several criteria including cutt...

- Residual stresses are created in machining processes due to high temperature, large strain, and high strain rate. High temperature causes tensile residual stresses, leading to crack initiation and propagation and reduction of fatigue life in machined components. - It is expected to decrease residual stresses using cutting fluids which reduce the...

Referring to extensive use of aluminum alloy (AA) 6061 in various types of industrial divisions, adequate knowledge of factors governing machinability aspects of AA 6061 under different heat treatment conditions (T6, T4, and T651) is important. This subject has received limited attention in the literature. Therefore, surface roughness, cutting forc...

Tool flank wear prediction is an important factor in the machining process to guarantee processing quality and machining efficiency. Therefore, monitoring tool wear is vital to obtain a better machined surface and the lowest manufacturing cost. This paper proposes a prediction model for tool flank wear during the machining of a steel alloy derived...

The present article reviews a large number of research publications on the effect of mischmetal (MM), rare earth metals (RE), La or Ce, and combinations of La + Ce on the performance of Al-Si cast alloys mainly 319, 356, 380, 413, and 390 alloys. Most of these articles focused on the use of rare earth metals as a substitute for strontium (Sr) as a...

Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/online-first/why-al-b4c-metal-matrix-composites-a-review-article

The surface quality of a machined component is one of the most important concerns in machining processes and the first and foremost objective is to have a high-quality surface finish in machined components. The surface roughness is influenced by turning parameters including cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut and turning environments consist...

This research work was aimed at studying the effects of tool geometry on axial surface residual stresses (ASRS) generated by turning of AA6061-T6. Tool geometry consisted of a tool nose radius (r), side cutting edge angle (SCEA), and back rake angle (BRA). A 3D finite element (FE) model was developed to simulate the machining temperature (MT) and t...

In the manufacturing industry, cutting tool failure is a serious event which causes damage to the cutting tool and reduces the quality of the product, which increases the cost of production. A reliable, intelligent, tool wear monitoring system is required in the metal cutting manufacturing process to mitigate these negative effects. This study pres...

The machinability of composite materials depends on reinforcements, matrix properties, cutting parameters, and on the cutting tool used (material, coating, and geometry). For new composites, experimental studies must be performed in order to understand their machinability, and thereby help manufacturers establishing appropriate cutting data. In thi...

The present research investigates the effect of turning environments and parameters on surface integrity induced by turning of AA6061-T6. Specifically, the evolution of turning parameters of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut was studied under dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and wet environments and their impact on surface roughnes...

New biocomposites are increasingly being developed and applied in engineering and manufacturing. The reinforcement type used in biocomposite is one of the major factors that greatly affect the machinability of biocomposite. This study investigated the drilling of two biocomposites (polypropylene-based biocomposite reinforced with biocarbon M1 (30 w...

The present research investigates the effect of turning environments and parameters on surface integrity induced by turning of AA6061-T6. Specifically, the evolution of turning parameters of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut was studied under dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and wet environments and their impact on surface roughnes...

In this study, the effects of cutting speed, feed rate, and hardness of workpiece material on the particle number concentration ultrafine of particles in the face milling were experimentally investigated. AISI 1045 steel was hardened to 17, 38, and 48 HRC, machining using ceramic insert (honed, T-land edge preparation). Three factors (cutting speed...

To meet the requirements for high-performance products, the aerospace industry increasingly needs to assess the behavior of new and advanced materials during manufacturing processes and to ensure they possess adequate machinability, as well as high performance and an extensive lifecycles. Over the years, industrial research works have focused on de...

The present research study was aimed at studying the impact of machining parameters on grain size alterations in machining of Ti6Al4V alloy using finite element analysis (FEA) based on the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) recrystallization model. The machining parameters consisted of both cutting conditions and tool geometry including cutting...

Usinage et industrie 4.0 - Où en sommes-nous? Quels indicateurs de performance sont requis? Comment intégrer les technologies intelligentes pour mieux optimiser l’usinage? Quelles données sélectionner en vue de la surveillance (machines, processus, outils) et de l’optimisation de l’usinage? Comment éviter les retouches des pièces et les collisions?...

Under certain conditions, dry machining has been known to offer improved efficiency. To determine the effectiveness of dry machining in the production of steel, it is necessary to identify optimal machinability conditions for commonly used mould steel products and their economic aspects. The present study expands on a comparative analysis of dry an...

Today’s metal matrix composites are widely used due to their excellent properties, which are useful for high-performance applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. Furthermore, improving the machinability of these composites is vital for improving product quality in the manufacturing process. In this research, various adaptive network...

This article discuss the effects of heat treatment and lubrication modes on the machinability of an A356 alloy (Al-Si-Mg); the alloy is studied as-received, with solution heat-treated alloy (SHT) as well as with an alloy that is solution heat-treated and then aged at 155, 180 and 220 °C. In the course of machinability evaluation, several criteria i...

Die-sinking electrical discharge machining (EDM) is the principal method used to machine critical components made of Al6061 alloy for space applications. Geometrical precision and surface roughness are among the most important acceptance criteria for these machined parts. The purpose of this research work is to identify the most significant paramet...

The use of waste as an alternative resource is an approach to reduce pressure on natural resources, as well as the environmental iMPacts associated with waste disposal, if recycling is conducted under environmentally friendly conditions. The objective of this study is to determine the conditions for incorporating pyrolysis ash from cashew nuts shel...