Victor Ojakorotu

North-West University | NWU · Politics

Nigeria is a country that is blessed with rich natural resource base. Unfortunately, the oil wealth of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria has caused the area to be a theatre of violence induced by disagreements of how oil proceeds are shared. The region recurrently experiences protests, demonstrations, insurgencies and also militancy over perceived...

To achieve development in a state of insecurity is a mirage. Africa is caught in this web, as every sub-region faces security challenges. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were developed as frameworks to fast track development in developing countries and sustain it in developed countries through gl...

This study seeks to unveil the factors which fuelled the violence associated with the EndSARS Protest in Calabar, Nigeria. The study is grounded on Human Security, and adopts survey research design. Data are collated through structured questionnaire designed for the study. The data are presented quantitatively and analyzed with Pearson Correlation...

Despite several regional and international measures to reduce the incessant nature of armed conflict in Africa, many nations, especially Ethiopia, have remained enmeshed in a vicious circle, leading to state fragmentation. Relying on liberal institutional theory, qualitative methods and secondary sources, this article attempts to explore the trends...

Armed humanitarian intervention has remained a problematic feature of international relations, both when it occurs and when it does not. Despite the criticism that has trailed armed humanitarian intervention, developing nations, especially in Africa, have remained a testing ground for liberal western interventionism and, by extension, theResponsibi...

The eruption of the novel virus brought to the global scene the prediction that Africa would be worse hit by the pandemic. This prediction was partly built on the widely recognized fact that Africa is the continent with the weakest public health care system and the lowest budgetary allocations to health. However, contrary to this prediction, the CO...

Election has remained a path to power and authority across the globe. African people of all ages has often used election to give people access to leadership of groups, communities and nations. Those elections in pre�colonial Africa carried force of legitimacy and widespread acceptance as the people generally accept the results and respect whoever i...

This study analyzes the intrinsic causes of disabled persons' marginalization from elite circles in Nigerian public administration organizations. Its foci among other things are to proffer measures for Nigeria's context of disabled persons' advancement into public bureaucracies' assembly of decision-makers, promote their topmost belongingness in pu...

This book interrogates the nature of elections and election violence in African countries. It traces the causes of the governance menace to multiple factors that are not limited to poverty, unemployment, media etc. The book clearly documents how election violence cripples’ nation building process across many African countries. Consequently, it reve...

The Amnesty policy was devised by the Nigerian government to take-off militants from attacking oil pipelines in Niger-Delta. This was with the view to promoting development in the region. While studies have examined the influence of the Amnesty policy on the empowerment of repentant militants, little is known about how governance failure in the imp...

Academics at higher institutions are expected to conduct research critical to effective teaching, knowledge production, and community development. However, in Africa, research seems to be more motivated by promotion than by problem-solving initiatives. This has left a gap in effective teaching at the higher education level since most academics appe...

This paper evaluates the quest for national integration by countries in Asia and Africa. It also reflects on political parties, theories of national integration and its implications for resource competition. The chapter revealed that most African and Asian countries bought into the concept of democracy and political parties as a viable instrument f...

This chapter reveals how the Chinese relations with Africa have been on ascendancy since the turn of the new millennium in 2000. It documents scholars that have identified the phenomenal growth of the Chinese economy through exploration of African resources. The chapter argues that the need for African resources is the driving force for the Asian i...

This chapter centres on an Eco-Marxist critique of capitalism, with a special focus on the environmental effects of mineral resource exploitation in Africa. It revealed that as oil, gas, gold, copper, timber, etc. are exploited in Africa, there is an exploitative conspiracy between the multinational oil companies and government against the differen...

The study evaluated the effect of COVID-19 and the containment measures on Nigerian journalists and journalism practice in Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design, with a questionnaire and personal interviews as instruments for data collection. A total of 362 copies of the questionnaire were correctly completed and returne...

Globalization propagates the dominance of internationalization and the shortage of resources to strengthen competitive edges is apparent. The 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) in developing countries is still a wish rather than a reality, putting more strains on destinations located in developing countries and hampers destination marketing strategies...

Existing studies on the Myanmar-Rohingyan crisis have explored the contending issues from a narrow perspective. This underscores the need for broader engagement by interrogating the veracity of the claims of mass atrocities against the Rohingyans, nonauthorization of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP), and implications for consolidating and inter...

Due to the disruption of activities across the globe by the COVID-19 pandemic, so many consequences were predicted. Prominent amongst these were unprecedented job losses and an increase in gender-based violence. These were based on the assumptions that due to the lockdown (i) many people will lose jobs, and (ii) people will be constrained to stay t...

The attainment of development is largely consequent upon the throes of political governance as a fragment of public administration. In truth, the nexus between political governance and development is crucial to the advancement of social justice. The quest to reverse Africa’s underdevelopment and de-democratisation instigated its political leaders t...

Political parties are globally recognized as agents of democratization. Against this background, this paper interrogates the centrality of political parties in Nigeria's democratization process. Focusing on the country's fourth republic that began in 1999, the roles of political parties in the transition from one government to another within the pe...

The study creates an understanding ofoffshore petroleum activities induced socioeconomic dynamics of rural households in oil-bearing coastal communities of Nigerias Niger Delta. It was carried out in six littoral Local Government Areas, 3 each from Bayelsa and Delta States in the Niger Delta, usinga sample size of 471 inhabitants, selectedrandomly,...

African Renaissance ISSN: 1744-2532 (Print) ISSN: 2516-5305 (Online) Indexed by: SCOPUS, IBSS, EBSCO, COPERNICUS, ProQuest, J-Gate and Sabinet Vol. 17, (No. 1), March 2020 pp 75 – 93 The 4th Industrial Revolution: An opportunity for Africa’s “Decolonization” and Development or Recolonization?1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31920/2516-5305/2020/17n1a4...

The rise of Donald Trump in American politics has opened a new vista of protectionism in the history of the country. While protectionism has dominated the political economy of the country throughout the 19th century, globalisation saw a relaxation of protectionist policies by the United States. The start of the Trump Presidency has rekindled Americ...

Bilateral or multilateral relationships among nations or regional blocs are changing rapidly. For instance, Chinese interest in Africa, which began since the early part of the 21st Century, have assumed incredible dimensions. Since then, the growing Chinese footprints in Africa have orchestrated various debates within the academia and public policy...

This study examines the political economy of policy instability and its effect on the Nigerian economic growth from 1970 to 2015. The study tries to measure the effect of political policy instability on the Nigerian economic growth, focusing on the assessment of the relationship between political instability and unsustainable national economic grow...

This paper takes a departure from the usual environmental or external challenges and hindrances faced by Nigerian legislators and legislative institution. It showcases variables associated with the apolitical and unethical conducts of some of the members of the 8th National Assembly and its accompanying implications on legislative mandate, process...

The prevalence of conflict in Africa during electioneering processes has spawned numerous literatures with divergence views on the internalization of democratic norm by Africans. The Burundian conflict of 2015 was one in the series of conflicts which question the democratic credentials of African states in recent times due to similar outburst in Zi...

The activities of Boko Haram terror sect have continued to receive widespread attention and reactions from different parts of the globe. Unfortunately, there is relatively minimal focus on the effect of their activities on social development in North-eastern Nigeria. This study, which used quantitative methodology, is hinged on the anarchist theory...

The Nigerian security management experiences since the British colonial masters introduced modern police and army till date reveals that the official security agencies have done a lot in promoting a safe, secure and peaceful Nigerian State. However, the harsh reality of everyday life is that the best from such agencies is a far cry from the common...

The thrust of this paper is centered on examining the problems accruing from Nigeria's over dependence on oil production and neglect of the agricultural sector. The researchers used qualitative research method, purposive sampling and focus group discussions in each region of the country to collect data. The findings revealed that from 1970 to 1980,...

Water is a fundamental resource for national and international development. Over the years, many countries of the globe have continued to expand its access to rich aqua resources within its sovereign border and beyond. This study, which used resource curse theory outlines the causes, trends and nature of aqua-conflict in Africa. The qualitative res...

Like many African states, Cameroon has experienced different forms of protests. The country faced nationwide crack- down on protesters following the change of the constitution and the removal of tenure limits of presidents in 1985, amidst increasing fuel prices, high unemployment among youths, high cost of living and poor working conditions. The pr...

Climate change and its issues are some of the biggest challenges facing the world today. These challenges also call for the most urgent responses that humanity can muster. The climate change challenge has manifested itself in some of the direst ways in Nigeria. This include the destruction of biodiversity in the Niger Delta, land degradation and de...

The media in South Africa is perceived as one of the most vibrant in Africa. However, its history is replete with milestones that closely link her with the ignominious discriminatory practices of the Apartheid system. Although Apartheid collapsed 24 years ago, integration of the South African society has not been fully accomplished, especially with...

The issue of development has generated the highest debate in postcolonial Africa, and in that debate emphasis has recently shifted towards the kind of development that is all encompassing and sustainable. This brings about the idea of Integral Sustainable Development, IDS. But as the discourse of IDS continues; drawing rich contributions from acade...

This study traces the challenges of nation building in Africa. It lists conflict, negative nationalism, colonial legacies, neo-colonialism, ethnicity, political instability, poverty and bad leadership as the major threats to nation building in Africa. The study, which used a qualitative method to gather extensive examples from different regions of...

Water is not only essential for human and animal existence but also for the sustenance of the ecosystem. Water availability is reducing globally, due to many reasons. This reduction in water availability led to the individual, group and national manipulation of water to attain multi-dimensional interests leading to aqua-conflicts amongst nations. A...

In both academic and government administration discourse and debates on the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, significant emphasis has been placed on the devastation of the environment by oil and gas exploration, and its attendant and accompanying socio-economic, political and environmental challenges identifiable by the rate of persistent conflict, b...

The situation of terrorism and insurgency in Nigeria goes far beyond that of violent intergroup relations created by a scramble for resources and explainable with the frustration- aggression theory. While a thought in that direction would most likely provide a great background for an explanation of the situations: Aguleeri/Umuleeri, Ife Modakeke, J...

This article maps the evolution of Zimbabwe’s Look East Policy (LEP) and specifically the bilateral relationship with China through the lens of Zimbabwe’s domestic politics. It argues that political elite in Zimbabwe has a vested interest in a close economic and political relationship with China at the cost of the interests of the people of Zimbabw...

The role of Nigeria in conflict resolution and peacekeeping efforts in Africa and other parts of the world cannot be overemphasised. The country has contributed more than 200,000 soldiers to peacekeeping missions around the world since independence. These efforts have earned it much respect in the council of nations and the recognition as being the...

Africa is naturally endowed with valuable resources that include oil, diamonds, gold, cobalt, among others. The marginalisation and deprivation of the host communities—the victims of environmental impoverishment as a consequence of resource extraction in Africa—have informed the series of conflicts in Africa in recent years. A series of arguments h...

This paper focuses on China’s role on the African continent. As will be revealed in the sections below, the dynamics of Sino-African relations have drawn attention from academics, private Western corporations and states as well as policy analysts. Of key concern is the nature of China’s aid and development policies as employed in various African co...

As a departure from the general debate on the nexus between natural resources endowment and conflict in Africa, which focuses on the authoritarian nature of African states, the rise of ethnic militias, corruption and the policies and activities of foreign oil multinationals, the objective of the paper is to trace and explain the cause of conflict a...

There has been a plethora of research and policies aimed at salvaging Nigeria from its inability to benefit from the significant amount of proceeds from its endowed resources without success. This is largely due to reliance on a degree of institutional capacity, which is widely absent thus making the country susceptible to various challenges. The o...

Oil resource crisis in the Niger Delta has taken on different dimensions which are of serious concern both to the Nigerian rental state, the Transnational Oil Corporations operating in the region, and the international system as a whole occasioned by global political economy ramifications. The question of development has been in the front burner of...

The crisis in the Niger Delta predates discovery of oil in large quantities at Oloibiri in 1956. Before independence in 1960, conflict in the region took the form of agitation for political representation and protection against marginalization by the dominant ethnic groups. However, this crisis took a new dimension in the early 1990s as oil became...

What does democracy do or fail to do about the welfare ofNigerians? Does it matter for the performance of democracy? This paper seeks to determine the mutual impact of democracy and welfare of citizens in Nigeria. Given the state of democracy and available data, it seems that politicians at the state and local government levels are more concerned a...

Chapter I: Introduction Chapter II: The Niger Delta Crisis: The Legal Dimension Chapter III: Corruption and Militant Groups in Delta State Nigeria: Implications for the Nigerian State Chapter IV: Relative Deprivation and Hostage-Taking in Nigeria's Niger-Delta Region Chapter V: From Political Mercenarism to Militias: The Political Origin of Niger D...

At independence, there were mixed feelings about the potential for survival of the modern state in Africa. This was expected, given the antecedents to the state formation processes that preceded this era. The response of different states to the new demands foisted upon the emergent state structures threw up new challenges which formed the kernel of...

The global triumph of capitalism has in its wake globalised issues that were previously the exclusive purview of state domestic control. Among these are environmental despoliation and human rights. These issues have been a source of conflict and human insecurity in many Third World countries including Nigeria. The Niger Delta of Nigeria, endowed wi...

The discovery of oil in Nigeria since 1956 has inflicted a heavy burden on the local people of the Niger River Delta who have had to contend with the consequences of oil production. The grievances of these local people have persisted for more than three decades without concrete efforts on the part of the government or oil multinationals to address...

The United States of America's establishment of the Africa Command (AFRICOM) is one of the practical indications of the post-9/11 discourse of 'securitisation' of Africa under the discourse of war on terror. Within the post-9/11 Western and American thought there was a shift from seeing Africa as a humanitarian case into a new conception of Africa...

Nigeria's Niger Delta region is not only home to the greater part of Africa's largest mangrove forest, but also the source of Nigeria's oil wealth. Here, in this amazing network of creeks, and an aquatic splendor comprising marine, brackish and freshwater ecosystems, lie the operational bases of a kaleidoscope of ethnic militia and insurgent organi...

Resumo: Dos problemas socioeconómicos e políticos legados á nova administración democrática de Obasanjo en 1999, ningún é tan desalentador e complexo como a crise do Delta do Níxer. A natureza explosiva da crise deste Delta atraeu a implicación da comunidade internacional. A formación do MOSOP/IYC nos noventa globalizou en grande medida a causa das...