Victor Ojakorotu

• North-West University

The South African province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) is reeling from the impacts of the 2022 floods that swept off communities in not fewer than six districts in the province, leaving death and massive loss and damage in their trail. Based on the qualitative method, dwelling largely on secondary data analysis, and supported by five interviews and the...

This paper examined how ethnic cleavages stimulate the medical choices and decisions of patients in Nigeria. Indeed, how ethno-religious beliefs, push patients into adhering too much to religious faith and doctrines instead of seeking medical help is hardly examined in Nigeria. This gap invariably constitutes not only a high mortality rate but larg...

Call for Papers: Arms Proliferation, Control, and Mopping in Africa: Addressing the Challenge of Illicit Weapons

Studies on digital media learning among schools in Nigeria have focused more on the experiences of both learners and facilitators in the COVID-19 lockdown with only a few reflecting on the post-COVID experiences of learning using the digital media. Relying on secondary sources, this study interrogated the fate of digital media learning among privat...

In Nigeria, several well-known attempts to eradicate corruption and inform better policy-making have been made and implemented, such as the Treasury Single Account (TSA), -Integrated Payroll and Personnel Information System (IPPIS). Despite these attempts, the article perceives corruption to be lingering and new and innovative ways to fight corrupt...

This paper investigates the role of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in green energy and sustainable practices provision in Lagos State, Nigeria. Given the huge energy deficit in the state and its impacts on the socioeconomic dynamics of the state, the study, dwelling on the blending of theoretical assumptions of stakeholder theory and Ecologi...

Africa still struggles to end hunger, partly because not all Africans have access to nutritious food. Although studies have established the connection between digital technologies and food security, the reality in Africa is that, despite the laudable feat in the use of digital technologies, the accessibility and utilization of food still face chall...

This paper sought to highlight and discuss the issues and challenges surrounding the resolution of the ongoing SAF and RSF conflict in Sudan. The preferred theoretical framework for the study is Power Theory (PT). Documentary research design which involves extensive search and extraction of data from extant records and documents is adopted for the...

Despite global and regional condemnation of acts of genocide, incidences of genocide have persisted with no end in sight. Relying on a qualitative methodology, secondary and primary sources, and including interviews, this study interrogates the veracity of claims of genocide against Cameroun's Anglophones against the yardstick of Gregory Stanton's...

The roles of borders in transnational trade could not be overemphasized. One of the challenges to effective international transactions is border crime. Boarder crimes such as smuggling of contrabands, rice, arms and ammunitions, illegal migration and illicit drugs. These activities fuel insecurity like armed-robbery, terrorism, kidnapping, murder,...

This book sheds light on the practice, challenges, and prospects of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) amidst wide contestation, backlash, operational challenges, and expectation gaps associated with the theory and practice of the RtoP. Diverging from existing works, it provides a renewed perspective and alternatives for future deployment of the...

The question of why, when, how, and who should take on the responsibility of protecting civilians when faced with mass atrocities or imminent attacks by their own government has long been a source of contention in international relations (Thakur, The United Nations, From Collective Security to the Responsibility To Protect. Cambridge University Pre...

Post-cold war interventionism in Africa to protect civilians from mass atrocities has led to a series of debates among scholars on the key issues bothering state sovereignty and the universalization of human rights. While several scholarly works have criticized the continued mobilization of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) doctrine, only a few...

The atrocities in Rwanda and Bosnia convinced the international community that a workable framework for the protection of civilians was necessary. In this framework, the World Summit Outcome Document from 2005 embraced the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) doctrine. Since its implementation, the RtoP has sparked passionate debate among researchers,...

In most African countries, especially Nigeria, migration is driven by economic hardship, unemployment, poverty, and the search for greener pastures overseas. In Niger Delta, in addition to the factors above, migration is driven by recurrent attacks and conflicts between militants and the Nigerian state over oil. Indeed, negative environmental exter...

This study cross-examine some emerging issues such as what extent Western countries and donor agencies tolerate the activities of violent groups within their territory and how best they would respond to threats by violent groups without infringing on their rights

This dilemma of the Bakassi inhabitants underscores the need to interrogate factors that have hindered the capacity of Nigeria and Cameroon to meet their obligations as specified in the Green Tree Agreement (GTA), the security implications of these lapses for the African region. Others include; recurring issues of exclusion and statelessness, the e...

In contemporary times, it is becoming increasingly apparent that the nexus between peace, security, and economic development cannot be overstated. Therefore, several international organisations have positioned security and political stability as a tool for sustainable economic development. Nonetheless, organisations such as the Brazil, Russia,...

Nigeria is a country that is blessed with rich natural resource base. Unfortunately, the oil wealth of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria has caused the area to be a theatre of violence induced by disagreements of how oil proceeds are shared. The region recurrently experiences protests, demonstrations, insurgencies and also militancy over perceived...

To achieve development in a state of insecurity is a mirage. Africa is caught in this web, as every sub-region faces security challenges. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were developed as frameworks to fast track development in developing countries and sustain it in developed countries through gl...

The concept of security community has enjoyed enormous currency in the post-Cold War era, whereby regional organisations seek to establish a framework for the prevention and management of violent conflicts in their domains. ECOWAS is one of the regional organisations that has evolved from an economic integration instrument to a functional security...

This study seeks to unveil the factors which fuelled the violence associated with the EndSARS Protest in Calabar, Nigeria. The study is grounded on Human Security, and adopts survey research design. Data are collated through structured questionnaire designed for the study. The data are presented quantitatively and analyzed with Pearson Correlation...

Despite several regional and international measures to reduce the incessant nature of armed conflict in Africa, many nations, especially Ethiopia, have remained enmeshed in a vicious circle, leading to state fragmentation. Relying on liberal institutional theory, qualitative methods and secondary sources, this article attempts to explore the trends...

Armed humanitarian intervention has remained a problematic feature of international relations, both when it occurs and when it does not. Despite the criticism that has trailed armed humanitarian intervention, developing nations, especially in Africa, have remained a testing ground for liberal western interventionism and, by extension, theResponsibi...

The eruption of the novel virus brought to the global scene the prediction that Africa would be worse hit by the pandemic. This prediction was partly built on the widely recognized fact that Africa is the continent with the weakest public health care system and the lowest budgetary allocations to health. However, contrary to this prediction, the CO...

Election has remained a path to power and authority across the globe. African people of all ages has often used election to give people access to leadership of groups, communities and nations. Those elections in pre�colonial Africa carried force of legitimacy and widespread acceptance as the people generally accept the results and respect whoever i...

Climate change is having serious impacts on the sustainability of the world. Growing scientific exactitude on causes and effects of climate change makes humanity’s response to it an urgent and critical need. Nigeria like many countries around the world is facing difficult times owing to the new environmental realities produced by the menace. Respon...

This paper analyses the implication of state and hegemony on environmental politics in Nigeria. It argues that Nigeria as a British colonial creation is essentially a capitalist system that was invertedly created because unlike Western systems, it is a capitalist system that is run by non-capitalists. This implies that in Nigeria, there is a palpab...

This study analyzes the intrinsic causes of disabled persons' marginalization from elite circles in Nigerian public administration organizations. Its foci among other things are to proffer measures for Nigeria's context of disabled persons' advancement into public bureaucracies' assembly of decision-makers, promote their topmost belongingness in pu...

This chapter presents the summary of the book. It also presents the concluding notes of the study, which centres on the place of counselling in managing electoral violence in Nigeria. The concluding note reveals that counselling would make the voter a fully functioning person. It went further to argue that to achieve a fully functioning person; the...

This book interrogates the nature of elections and election violence in African countries. It traces the causes of the governance menace to multiple factors that are not limited to poverty, unemployment, media etc. The book clearly documents how election violence cripples’ nation building process across many African countries. Consequently, it reve...

This study examines the effect of using children as begging guides by people with sensory disabilities in Africa. It argues that in some African countries, visually impaired persons, especially parents and relatives, have devised the strategy of abusing their children or someone very close to them as begging guides for financial gain. While this st...

Legislative committees are a critical part of any democratic, parliamentary, internal operating system. It is impossible to overstate their responsibilities in lawmaking, ensuring responsible representation of constituents, and monitoring government institutions to make certain that there is accountability to the public. However, the extent to whic...

The Amnesty policy was devised by the Nigerian government to take-off militants from attacking oil pipelines in Niger-Delta. This was with the view to promoting development in the region. While studies have examined the influence of the Amnesty policy on the empowerment of repentant militants, little is known about how governance failure in the imp...

Academics at higher institutions are expected to conduct research critical to effective teaching, knowledge production, and community development. However, in Africa, research seems to be more motivated by promotion than by problem-solving initiatives. This has left a gap in effective teaching at the higher education level since most academics appe...

Governance failures, inadequate policy efforts, poverty, unemployment, insurgency, climate change, socio-economic downturns, religious fanatics or bandits, and other related factors have all been blamed for insecurity in Africa. This has left some holes in assessing Africa's present catastrophic insecurity situation via the prism of Covid-19 and hu...

Nigeria and The Gambia have been involved in asymmetrical relations since 1965 given the disparity in the material capabilities between them. This asymmetry came to the fore in the role played by Nigeria in resolving the 2016 political impasse in The Gambia when former President Yahya Jammeh refused to accept the results of the elections and quit p...

This paper evaluates the quest for national integration by countries in Asia and Africa. It also reflects on political parties, theories of national integration and its implications for resource competition. The chapter revealed that most African and Asian countries bought into the concept of democracy and political parties as a viable instrument f...

This chapter reveals how the Chinese relations with Africa have been on ascendancy since the turn of the new millennium in 2000. It documents scholars that have identified the phenomenal growth of the Chinese economy through exploration of African resources. The chapter argues that the need for African resources is the driving force for the Asian i...

This chapter centres on an Eco-Marxist critique of capitalism, with a special focus on the environmental effects of mineral resource exploitation in Africa. It revealed that as oil, gas, gold, copper, timber, etc. are exploited in Africa, there is an exploitative conspiracy between the multinational oil companies and government against the differen...

The study evaluated the effect of COVID-19 and the containment measures on Nigerian journalists and journalism practice in Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design, with a questionnaire and personal interviews as instruments for data collection. A total of 362 copies of the questionnaire were correctly completed and returne...

Globalization propagates the dominance of internationalization and the shortage of resources to strengthen competitive edges is apparent. The 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) in developing countries is still a wish rather than a reality, putting more strains on destinations located in developing countries and hampers destination marketing strategies...

Existing studies on the Myanmar-Rohingyan crisis have explored the contending issues from a narrow perspective. This underscores the need for broader engagement by interrogating the veracity of the claims of mass atrocities against the Rohingyans, nonauthorization of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP), and implications for consolidating and inter...

Due to the disruption of activities across the globe by the COVID-19 pandemic, so many consequences were predicted. Prominent amongst these were unprecedented job losses and an increase in gender-based violence. These were based on the assumptions that due to the lockdown (i) many people will lose jobs, and (ii) people will be constrained to stay t...

The attainment of development is largely consequent upon the throes of political governance as a fragment of public administration. In truth, the nexus between political governance and development is crucial to the advancement of social justice. The quest to reverse Africa’s underdevelopment and de-democratisation instigated its political leaders t...

Political parties are globally recognized as agents of democratization. Against this background, this paper interrogates the centrality of political parties in Nigeria's democratization process. Focusing on the country's fourth republic that began in 1999, the roles of political parties in the transition from one government to another within the pe...

Election results in most African countries are hardly transmitted using digitalized devices. This has created room for suspicion and discrediting of electoral integrity in part of Africa. Citizens’ suspicion of the electoral process has not only made many African voters believe that votes hardly count, but it has significantly provoked tendencies o...

The study creates an understanding ofoffshore petroleum activities induced socioeconomic dynamics of rural households in oil-bearing coastal communities of Nigerias Niger Delta. It was carried out in six littoral Local Government Areas, 3 each from Bayelsa and Delta States in the Niger Delta, usinga sample size of 471 inhabitants, selectedrandomly,...

African Renaissance ISSN: 1744-2532 (Print) ISSN: 2516-5305 (Online) Indexed by: SCOPUS, IBSS, EBSCO, COPERNICUS, ProQuest, J-Gate and Sabinet Vol. 17, (No. 1), March 2020 pp 75 – 93 The 4th Industrial Revolution: An opportunity for Africa’s “Decolonization” and Development or Recolonization?1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31920/2516-5305/2020/17n1a4...

The rise of Donald Trump in American politics has opened a new vista of protectionism in the history of the country. While protectionism has dominated the political economy of the country throughout the 19th century, globalisation saw a relaxation of protectionist policies by the United States. The start of the Trump Presidency has rekindled Americ...

Bilateral or multilateral relationships among nations or regional blocs are changing rapidly. For instance, Chinese interest in Africa, which began since the early part of the 21st Century, have assumed incredible dimensions. Since then, the growing Chinese footprints in Africa have orchestrated various debates within the academia and public policy...

This study examines the political economy of policy instability and its effect on the Nigerian economic growth from 1970 to 2015. The study tries to measure the effect of political policy instability on the Nigerian economic growth, focusing on the assessment of the relationship between political instability and unsustainable national economic grow...

This paper takes a departure from the usual environmental or external challenges and hindrances faced by Nigerian legislators and legislative institution. It showcases variables associated with the apolitical and unethical conducts of some of the members of the 8th National Assembly and its accompanying implications on legislative mandate, process...

The prevalence of conflict in Africa during electioneering processes has spawned numerous literatures with divergence views on the internalization of democratic norm by Africans. The Burundian conflict of 2015 was one in the series of conflicts which question the democratic credentials of African states in recent times due to similar outburst in Zi...

The activities of Boko Haram terror sect have continued to receive widespread attention and reactions from different parts of the globe. Unfortunately, there is relatively minimal focus on the effect of their activities on social development in North-eastern Nigeria. This study, which used quantitative methodology, is hinged on the anarchist theory...

The Nigerian security management experiences since the British colonial masters introduced modern police and army till date reveals that the official security agencies have done a lot in promoting a safe, secure and peaceful Nigerian State. However, the harsh reality of everyday life is that the best from such agencies is a far cry from the common...

The thrust of this paper is centered on examining the problems accruing from Nigeria's over dependence on oil production and neglect of the agricultural sector. The researchers used qualitative research method, purposive sampling and focus group discussions in each region of the country to collect data. The findings revealed that from 1970 to 1980,...

Water is a fundamental resource for national and international development. Over the years, many countries of the globe have continued to expand its access to rich aqua resources within its sovereign border and beyond. This study, which used resource curse theory outlines the causes, trends and nature of aqua-conflict in Africa. The qualitative res...

Like many African states, Cameroon has experienced different forms of protests. The country faced nationwide crack- down on protesters following the change of the constitution and the removal of tenure limits of presidents in 1985, amidst increasing fuel prices, high unemployment among youths, high cost of living and poor working conditions. The pr...

Climate change and its issues are some of the biggest challenges facing the world today. These challenges also call for the most urgent responses that humanity can muster. The climate change challenge has manifested itself in some of the direst ways in Nigeria. This include the destruction of biodiversity in the Niger Delta, land degradation and de...

The media in South Africa is perceived as one of the most vibrant in Africa. However, its history is replete with milestones that closely link her with the ignominious discriminatory practices of the Apartheid system. Although Apartheid collapsed 24 years ago, integration of the South African society has not been fully accomplished, especially with...

The issue of development has generated the highest debate in postcolonial Africa, and in that debate emphasis has recently shifted towards the kind of development that is all encompassing and sustainable. This brings about the idea of Integral Sustainable Development, IDS. But as the discourse of IDS continues; drawing rich contributions from acade...

This study traces the challenges of nation building in Africa. It lists conflict, negative nationalism, colonial legacies, neo-colonialism, ethnicity, political instability, poverty and bad leadership as the major threats to nation building in Africa. The study, which used a qualitative method to gather extensive examples from different regions of...

Water is not only essential for human and animal existence but also for the sustenance of the ecosystem. Water availability is reducing globally, due to many reasons. This reduction in water availability led to the individual, group and national manipulation of water to attain multi-dimensional interests leading to aqua-conflicts amongst nations. A...

In both academic and government administration discourse and debates on the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, significant emphasis has been placed on the devastation of the environment by oil and gas exploration, and its attendant and accompanying socio-economic, political and environmental challenges identifiable by the rate of persistent conflict, b...

The situation of terrorism and insurgency in Nigeria goes far beyond that of violent intergroup relations created by a scramble for resources and explainable with the frustration- aggression theory. While a thought in that direction would most likely provide a great background for an explanation of the situations: Aguleeri/Umuleeri, Ife Modakeke, J...

This article maps the evolution of Zimbabwe’s Look East Policy (LEP) and specifically the bilateral relationship with China through the lens of Zimbabwe’s domestic politics. It argues that political elite in Zimbabwe has a vested interest in a close economic and political relationship with China at the cost of the interests of the people of Zimbabw...