Veronique Dupere

• Université de Montréal

Previous studies indicate differences in experiences of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic but are constricted by limited timeframes and absence of key risk factors. This study explores temporal and inter-individual variations of loneliness in Canadians over the pandemic’s first year (April 2020–2021), by identifying loneliness trajectories. I...

Background Mental health is a priority for high schools, but extant programs often focus on symptom reduction rather than promoting adolescents’ developmental assets. Objective The goal of this study is to examine whether Art in Mind (AIM), a strengths-based after-school organized art activity tailored to fit the needs of adolescents with internal...

Introduction Research on heterogeneous pathways in school‐to‐work transitions (SWT), particularly longitudinal research, has been limited, as have empirical studies examining effective interventions for facilitating multiple SWT pathways among non‐engaged youth (NEY), who are generally at risk of being not in education, employment, or training (NEE...

Today’s adolescents will inevitably face the negative effects of climate change and will need to engage in pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) as part of the solutions. The primary objective of this scoping review was to identify the individual, peer and family, and school and community predictors of PEB in adolescence. The secondary objectives were...

Background Social well-being arises from the fulfillment of the basic need for relatedness. In school, it largely hinges on teacher-student relationships (TSR) and sense of school belonging (SSB), two important levers for educational success, and especially for immigrant-background youths. Aims This study aims to disentangle the stable and time-sp...

“Diseases of despair,” most prominently depressive and substance-related problems, diminish the prospects of many young adults, especially those with lower levels of education. Yet many young adults in that situation avoid these problems. Close relationships are thought to be a key factor underpinning risk and resilience among this group. To examin...

Background In the past decades, there has been a growing concern to understand why boys struggle in school. One of the turning points in students' educational trajectories likely to exacerbate boys' academic difficulties is students' enrolment in private or enriched school programmes, as boys are underrepresented in such programmes. Method To bett...

Using a series of nationally representative cross-sectional surveys, this study shows that younger Canadian adults (aged 18–34) rated their own mental health positively (as “very good” or “excellent”) less often than older adults (i.e., 35+), both before and during the pandemic. Also, younger adults’ positive mental health ratings declined particul...

The study explores whether physical activity (PA) in early adolescence limits the risk of internalizing and externalizing problems in youth with difficult temperaments, from low-income families, or exposed to impaired family functioning. Participants ( N = 1312; 53% girls) were drawn from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD)....

Une meilleure connaissance des profils d’adaptation des jeunes adultes immigrants (JAI) est un prérequis à une réponse sensible à leurs besoins et ultimement, à leur inclusion. La présente étude s’appuyant sur une approche centrée sur la personne vise à identifier les profils d’adaptation psychosociale et scolaire chez les JAI et à cibler les carac...

This study seeks to identify the configurations of classroom teaching practices, defined based on the classroom goal structures (mastery-approach, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance) and social climate (academic support, emotional support, mutual respect, and task-related interactions) to which a sample of 1,453 seventh graders (Mage =...

The COVID-19 pandemic has produced unprecedented changes in the lives of many people. Although research has documented associations between concerns related to COVID-19 and poor mental health indicators, fewer studies have focused on positive factors that could help people better cope with this stressful social context. To fill this gap, the presen...

Les activités sportives organisées représentent un contexte privilégié pour stimuler le développement positif (DP) des jeunes qui grandissent en milieu défavorisé. Cependant, les retombées positives de ces activités ne sont pas systématiques et dépendent notamment des actions et des paroles des entraîneurs qui les encadrent. On en sait peu sur la m...

The increasing cultural diversity in host society schools highlights the need to better understand the conditions supporting the integration of students with an immigrant background. This study examines whether peer acceptance enhances the association between student-teacher relationship closeness and classroom emotional engagement, and whether thi...

Au Québec, plusieurs écoles doivent composer avec les défis d’adaptation et d’intégration que présentent bon nombre de leurs élèves. C’est le cas notamment des écoles en milieux défavorisés desservant une forte proportion d’élèves issus de l’immigration, dont certains présentent des difficultés scolaires, émotionnelles et/ou comportementales. Bien...

Extracurricular activities are recognized as a privileged context for developing quality social relationships with peers and adults. However, little is known about how these relationships unfold and contribute to positive youth development, particularly among adolescents with socio-emotional difficulties. Therefore, the aim of this study is to inve...

Academic agency is recognized as an important predictor of higher education attainment among the general population during the school-to-work transition. However, there is little evidence on whether (a) academic agency is associated with higher education attainment among young people facing education difficulties (i.e., lower attainers), (b) academ...

For noncollege-bound youth, swiftly finding a satisfying job upon exiting compulsory schooling might support adjustment. Yet, youths' own job perceptions have rarely been considered in school-to-work transition research. Sequence analysis of monthly occupational status over 4 years (ages 16-20) in a low socioeconomic status Canadian sample overrepr...

This paper explored differences in youth life satisfaction across and within countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. A central finding was the flattening, or even the reversal, of the U-shaped age pattern in life satisfaction in some countries. Life satisfaction declined to a greater extent among youth aged 15 to 30 years than among people aged 31...

Cette étude examine l’hypothèse selon laquelle les pratiques des enseignant·es perçues par les élèves relatives à la gestion de classe (comportements positifs et coercitifs) et au climat de classe (soutien académique et émotionnel, respect mutuel, interactions liées aux tâches) influencent indirectement le rendement des élèves, à travers leur motiv...

Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has been an extraordinary moment of uncertainty and rapid transformation. The effects lockdowns had on youths’ mental and physical health, as well as the challenges they posed for young peoples’ learning, were of great concern. It quickly became clear that government responses to COVID-19, in particular regarding th...

This quasi-experimental study examines the impact on emotional/behavioral functioning (hyperactivity-inattention and internalizing symptoms) and school experiences (school engagement, positive experience in school) of La classe enchantée, a high-quality, non-selective extracurricular music program. Based on the program’s objectives and on the posit...

Anxiety and opposition-defiance in children are negatively linked to their classroom performance. However, little is known about the additive contribution of these difficulties on student engagement in math, especially in children living in low-income neighbourhoods. Using a sample of 460 students from grades 3 to 5, this study examines whether the...

This study aimed to identify high school student profiles of motivation for participating in extracurricular activities, predict profile membership using indicators of need satisfaction and gender, and verify whether the profiles predicted continued participation the following year. The sample included 263 Canadian students in disadvantaged high sc...

Non-promotional school changes are fairly common, and although most mobile students successfully adjust to new peers, routines, and teachers, school mobility can sometimes indicate risk of disengagement and even dropout. To identify which mobile students are at risk and in need of support, it is important to differentiate when mobility may pose a t...

From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were widespread concerns about young people’s labour market prospects. The COVID-19 youth economic activity and health monitorNote (YEAH) project at University College London (UCL) in collaboration with Statistics Canada and other institutes in Europe aimed to shed light in this area by examining the p...

Introduction Adolescents with an immigrant background, whether first‐generation (born abroad) or second‐generation (at least one parent born abroad), face challenges that could compromise their psychological adjustment compared to their third‐plus generation peers. Yet, many are developing positively despite the presence of adversity. To understand...

Most existing studies investigating profiles of anxious and depressive symptoms in adolescent boys and girls do not consider the high cooccurrence between them, which prevents from identifying how heterogeneous groups might distinctly use coping strategies. To address this gap, the current study relies on a sample of 976 adolescents (56.0% girls (n...

Selon les modèles de contagion sociale, les adolescents fréquentant des pairs ayant décroché dans leur réseau seraient plus à risque de quitter l’école avant l’obtention d’un diplôme. Cette étude se penche sur ce phénomène en considérant l’ensemble des pairs significatifs (amis, partenaires amoureux, fratrie) pouvant influencer la décision de décro...

Among thevconcerns about youth wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic, one well-documented impact is youth motivation, particularly in relation to schooling. Yet many questions remain: Howare youth experiencing motivation? What factorsaffecttheir motivation? Howare youth differentially experiencing motivation?This article addressesyoung people’s ex...

Adolescence is a time of increased risk for developing symptoms of anxiety and depression, especially for girls. The stress and social isolation experienced during confinement add new threats to already vulnerable adolescents' daily lives. This study is aimed at determining which sociodemographic characteristics (age, family composition, achievemen...

High school dropouts are likely to experience challenges during the transition to adulthood, notably in terms of employment. For them, jobs are often hard to find, low-paid, and unstable. Many dropouts thus re-enroll in school, and some go on to obtain a high school or vocational diploma or even a college degree. However, others do not re-enroll or...

Providing high-quality teaching practices is central to promote student engagement in school. High quality teaching is even more important in schools located in low socioeconomic neighborhoods, where a larger proportion of children present more important academic difficulties and lower classroom behavioural, affective, and cognitive engagement. The...

Le chapitre présente les avantages de l'utilisation de la régularisation dans l'analyse de régression linéaire et logistique. Afin d'illustrer les techniques de régularisation, nous donnons un exemple de régression logistique régularisée avec validation croisée cherchant à prédire le décrochage scolaire chez des élèves du secondaire au Québec. Avec...

Le chapitre présente les avantages de l'utilisation de la régularisation dans l'analyse de régression linéaire et logistique. Afin d'illustrer les techniques de régularisation, nous donnons un exemple de régression logistique régularisée avec validation croisée cherchant à prédire le décrochage scolaire chez des élèves du secondaire au Québec. Avec...

Background Adolescents, especially girls, are more at risk of developing anxiety and depression symptoms and it can be assumed that the stress and social isolation experienced during confinement has had negative consequences on adolescents’ mental health. However, not all of them experienced confinement in the same way. This study is aimed at deter...

Encouraging involvement in school-based extracurricular activities (ECA) may be important for preventing high school dropout. However, the potential of these activities remains underexploited, perhaps because studies linking ECA involvement and dropout are rare and based on decades-old data. Previous studies also ignore key parameters of student in...

Social contagion theories suggest that adolescents in relationships with same-age high school dropouts should be at a greater risk of dropping out themselves. Yet, few studies have examined this premise, and none have considered all potentially influential same-age intimates, focusing instead on only either friends or siblings. Moreover, a key infl...

According to Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the satisfaction of psychological needs for competence and relatedness in school are key mechanisms leading to student engagement. Yet, students presenting various behavior and social problems—including externalizing and internalizing behaviors, as well as social problems with peers and teachers—may fee...

Children's neighborhood contexts are defined by rising socioeconomic inequality and segregation. This article reviews several decades of research on how neighborhood socioeconomic conditions are associated with children's development. The nonexperimental literature suggests that the most salient neighborhood socioeconomic condition depends on the o...

Introduction Despite inconclusive findings, educational researchers have long considered adequate parenting practices instrumental in preventing high school dropout among adolescents. The present short‐term retrospective study focuses on parenting practices during middle adolescence when dropout typically occurs. Methods The culturally diverse, hi...

Student misconduct in school, one dimension of behavioral disengagement, is negatively associated with academic achievement and figures among risk factors for school dropout. Previous research on school-level determinants of school misconduct have suggested an unequal distribution across schools, with students from low socioeconomic status (SES) sc...

Gender differences in exposure and reactivity to specific stressful life events (SLE) contribute to explaining adolescent boys’ and girls’ differential susceptibility to common adjustment difficulties like depression and behavioral problems. However, it is unclear whether these gender differences are also relevant to understanding another key marke...

This study examined whether recent disruptive events would increase the likelihood of high school dropout among both rural and urban youths, and whether the types of disruptive events preceding dropout would be different in rural vs. urban environments. Based on interviews conducted with early school leavers and matched at-risk schoolmates (N = 366...

This review examines the current state of knowledge regarding children's biological stress response during the transition from preschool to compulsory formal schooling, focusing on longitudinal studies that include repeated measures of cortisol concentrations in saliva or scalp hair. In all, eight independent studies (ten publications) were found a...

This study describes policies and practices implemented in 12 high schools (Quebec, Canada) that more or less effectively leveraged extracurricular activities (ECA) to prevent dropout among vulnerable students. Following an explanatory sequential mixed design, three school profiles (Effective, Ineffective, and Mixed) were derived based on quantitat...

Using a person-centered approach, this study identified profiles of students exhibiting behavior and social adjustment problems in school. We conducted Latent Profile Analysis to identify these subgroups in a sample of 582 fifth and sixth graders. We found four profiles among girls—well-adjusted girls (66.10%); girls displaying externalizing behavi...

Inuit communities of Canada experience many disparities in health and psychosocial context. Research in community psychology has shown associations between such socio-ecological factors and individual well-being. The objective of the study was to explore how community-level determinants of well-being influence family well-being in a northern commun...

Dropout is often perceived as the result of a long buildup of academic failures and disengagement. While this perspective is representative of many of those who drop out, it hides the large heterogeneity of pathways leading to dropout. Research suggests, for example, that students chose to quit school because of difficulties that occur later in the...

Le décrochage scolaire est souvent perçu comme le résultat d’une longue accumulation d’échecs et de désengagement scolaires. Bien que cette perspective corresponde à la réalité de plusieurs décrocheurs, elle masque l’importante hétérogénéité des trajectoires menant au décrochage. La recherche suggère par exemple que des élèves choisissent de quitte...

Purpose: Recent reviews concluded that past depression symptoms are not independently associated with high school dropout, a conclusion that could induce schools with high dropout rates and limited resources to consider depression screening, prevention, and treatment as low-priority. Even if past symptoms are not associated with dropout, however,...

Background Evidence regarding the association between adolescent internalising symptoms and school non-completion has been limited and inconclusive.AimsTo examine whether depressive and anxious symptoms at secondary school entry predict school non-completion beyond confounders and whether associations differ by baseline academic functioning.Method...

Background: In most Western countries, the individual, social, and family characteristics associated with students' dropout in the general population are well documented. Yet, there is a lack of large-scale studies to establish whether these characteristics have the same influence for students with an immigrant background. Aims: The first aim of...

Adolescents who drop out of high school experience enduring negative consequences across many domains. Yet, the circumstances triggering their departure are poorly understood. This study examined the precipitating role of recent psychosocial stressors by comparing three groups of Canadian high school students (52% boys; Mage ?=?16.3?years; N?=?545)...

Notre objectif était de déterminer la quantité d’aide dont les enfants ont besoin pour intégrer un nouveau mot à leur vocabulaire oral. Six séances ont été consacrées à l’enseignement de 24 mots à des élèves de maternelle de milieu défavorisé. Les mots ont été présentés à plusieurs reprises à l’aide d’une brève définition ainsi que d’une illustrati...

The Life Events and Difficulties Schedule (LEDS) is considered the standard for measuring psychosocial stressor exposure, but it has not been used with academically at-risk adolescents, including high school dropouts. The goal of this study was to (1) adapt the LEDS for use with this population, and (2) examine the reliability (interrater) and vali...

The aim of the present study was to model student trajectories of behavioral, affective, and cognitive engagement from Grade 3 to Grade 6. The authors also examined whether teachers perceptions could predict student trajectory membership. The authors collected data from a sample of 831 students and 152 teachers. Using multiple-process growth mixtur...

Theoretical models of word recognition suggest that knowing what a word means makes it easier to learn how to decode it. We tested this hypothesis with at-risk young students, a group that often responds poorly to conventional decoding instruction in which word meaning is not addressed systematically. A total of 53 first graders received explicit i...

This chapter provides an overview of seminal and recent research on neighborhood characteristics and their associations with the development of criminal and antisocial behavior. It starts with the conceptual background and a discussion of methodological issues in neighborhood research. The remainder of the chapter is organized around three major de...

In a secondary school, efficient screening of students at risk of dropping out of school makes it possible to direct prevention and intervention efforts toward those who are most at risk. The schools have access to two different information sources for identifying students at risk: information self-reported by the students themselves or administrat...

In a secondary school, efficient screening of students at risk of dropping out of school makes it possible to direct prevention and intervention efforts toward those who are most at risk. The schools have access to two different information sources for identifying students at risk: information self-reported by the students themselves or administrat...

Several decades of research demonstrate a link between neighborhood residence and human development throughout the life course. This chapter goes beyond enumerating studies that have found such connections between neighborhoods and development; we focus on synthesizing findings from methodologically rigorous research to lay a foundation of what we...

This study explored how nonpromotional school changes, a potentially major event for children, were associated with 3 forms of social maladjustment: isolation/withdrawal, affiliation with maladjusted peers, and aggression toward peers. Given that school mobility frequently co-occurs with family transitions, the moderating role of these transitions...

High school dropout is commonly seen as the result of a long-term process of failure and disengagement. As useful as it is, this view has obscured the heterogeneity of pathways leading to dropout. Research suggests, for instance, that some students leave school not as a result of protracted difficulties but in response to situations that emerge lat...

Evidence points to associations between the socioeconomic composition of neighborhoods and children's and adolescents’ development. A minimal amount of research, however, examines how timing of exposure to neighborhood socioeconomic conditions matters. This study used longitudinal data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development...

Ce chapitre propose une introduction sommaire et appliquée du modèle linéaire hiérarchique relevant de l’analyse multiniveaux. D’abord en présentant les éléments théoriques centraux et les particularités de cette analyse, puis en illustrant la procédure et l’interprétation des résultats à l’aide d’un exemple concret.

This study examines whether explicit reading comprehension instruction is relevant for students with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Forty-five students (Mage = 9 years) were randomly assigned to two conditions: control or intervention. Those assigned to the intervention condition received instruction on vocabulary, main idea ident...

La méthode est la pierre angulaire de la recherche appliquée en sciences humaines, sociales ou de la santé, car c’est elle qui balise le chemin qu’emprunte le chercheur pour réaliser son projet. Elle doit soutenir le processus de réflexion en fonction du contexte dans lequel s’inscrit le projet, soit tenir compte de la question de recherche, du phé...

This study examines whether explicit reading comprehension instruction is relevant for students with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Forty-five students (Mage = 9 years) were randomly assigned to two conditions: control or intervention. Those assigned to the intervention condition received instruction on vocabulary, main idea ident...

Le placement en classe ordinaire vise notamment à permettre aux élèves présentant une déficience intellectuelle de socialiser avec leurs pairs présentant un développement typique. Dans les faits, la qualité de l’intégration sociale est cependant variable. Nous posons l’hypothèse que l’intégration sociale est meilleure lorsque l’enseignant tient un...

This randomized study examined the effectiveness of a preschool stimulation program created to teach words that had been selected by considering the needs of the target population of children. Twenty-two educators and their group of at-risk preschoolers (N = 222, M age = 4.27 years) were assigned to one of two conditions: control or intervention. I...

It remains unclear whether school environments can influence the emotional health of adolescents. In this large-scale prospective study, we use multilevel modeling to examine whether the school socioeducational environment contributes to the risk of developing depressive symptoms in secondary school students. As part of a longitudinal study on scho...

Self-efficacy beliefs are central to mental health. Because adolescents' neighborhoods shape opportunities for experiences of control, predictability, and safety, we propose that neighborhood conditions are associated with adolescents' self-efficacy and, in turn, their internalizing problems (i.e., depression/anxiety symptoms). We tested these hypo...

Depuis plusieurs décennies, les professionnels de l’éducation réfléchissent aux mesures à mettre en place pour favoriser la réussite de tous les élèves. Les recommandations qui émergent de ces réflexions situent au cœur des priorités l’engagement des élèves dans leurs apprentissages dès le primaire. Au cours des dernières années, les chercheurs ont...

This article reviews literature on the role of neighborhood influences on adolescent development. It provides definitions and conceptual models and reviews studies examining associations among neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and adolescents' achievement and schooling, behavioral and emotional outcomes, and sexual activity and child bearing....

This study re-analyzed data on adolescent health outcomes (N = 1780; M age = 15.15, SD = 2.30) from a 5-year evaluation of the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) Program. The MTO program is a randomized experiment conducted in five cities in the United States (Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles and New York) in which low-income families living in pub...

Students' inattention is predictive of reading problems and of non-response to effective reading intervention. In this randomized study, 58 first-grade classrooms located in 30 schools were assigned to a control condition or to one of two intervention conditions. In these last two conditions, peer-tutoring activities were conducted to improve class...

Ce chapitre aborde les mesures de progrès en lecture. Une recension des études démontre que l'utilisation de ces mesures permet aux orthopédagogues de suivre le progrès des élèves, de mieux adapter les activités d'enseignement aux besoins de ces derniers et de les aider à surmonter plus facilement leurs difficultés en lecture. Comme les mesures de...

Investigating the latent structure of conduct disorder (CD) can help clarify how symptoms related to aggression, property destruction, theft, and serious violations of rules cluster in individuals with this disorder. Discovering homogeneous subtypes can be useful for etiologic, treatment, and prevention purposes depending on the qualitative or quan...

The goal of this study was to examine the mechanisms underlying associations between neighborhood socioeconomic advantage and children's achievement trajectories between ages 54 months and 15 years. Results of hierarchical linear growth models based on a diverse sample of 1,364 children indicate that neighborhood socioeconomic advantage was nonline...

Suicide tends to concentrate in disadvantaged neighborhoods, and neighborhood disadvantage is associated with many important risk factors for youth suicide. However, no study has directly investigated the link between neighborhood poverty and youth suicidal behaviors, while controlling for pre-existing vulnerabilities. The objective of this study w...

This study examined how the link between neighborhood poverty and the timing of sexual initiation varies as a function of age, gender, and background characteristics. A sample of N = 2,596 predominately White Canadian adolescents from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth was used. Sexual initiations occurring between 12 and 15 yea...

This chapter addresses questions in two main areas: serious offending as an outcome over time and developmental aspects of serious offending; and factors which explain why some young males become violent and/or commit serious crime while others do not.

Because youth gangs tend to cluster in disadvantaged neighborhoods, adolescents living in such neighborhoods are more likely to encounter opportunities to join youth gangs. However, in the face of these opportunities, not all adolescents respond in the same manner. Those with preexisting psychopathic tendencies might be especially likely to join. I...

Longitudinal Methods Based on Individual Development Trajectories - Parametric and Non Parametric Mixed Models: Generalized linear mixed models encompass a variety of modern longitudinal analytic approaches based on individual developmental trajectories. These models overcome many important problems inherent to other traditional analysis of longitu...

Research has found that neighborhood structural characteristics can influence residents' mental health. Few studies, however, have explored the proximal reasons behind such influences. This study investigates how different types of communities, in terms of environmental stressors (social and physical disorder and fear of crime) and social resources...

Longitudinal Methods Based on Individual Development Trajectories – Parametric and Non Parametric Mixed Models: Generalized linear mixed models encompass a variety of modern longitudinal analytic approaches based on individual developmental trajectories. These models overcome many important problems inherent to other traditional analysis of longitu...

This study examined the relationship between objectively measured nocturnal hot flashes and objectively measured sleep in breast cancer survivors with insomnia. Twenty-four women who had completed treatment for non-metastatic breast cancer participated. All were enrolled in a study of cognitive-behavioral treatment for chronic insomnia. Nocturnal h...