Vasudevan Mani

Universiti Teknologi MARA | UiTM · Faculty of Pharmacy

Cognitive decline is one of the serious complications associated with diabetes mellitus (T2DM) of type-2. In this reported work, the effect of aqueous sukkari dates seed extract (ASSE) was evaluated in T2DM-induced rats. T2DM was induced using intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide and streptozocin (STZ) administration. The diabetic rats were th...

Objective: We investigated the protective effect of ciproxifan on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced memory impairment by altering the cholinergic system in a mouse model. Materials and methods: Groups of mice were given ciproxifan (1 or 3 mg/kg, p.o.) for 30 days. Neurotoxicity was induced with four doses of LPS (250 µg/kg, i.p.) from day-22 to d...

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder prevalent across the globe and is known to cause brain dysfunction, especially memory and cognitive decline. The current study investigates the effect of aqueous Ajwa seeds extract (AASE) on type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced memory deficits using a rat model. T2DM was induced by an administration of nicotinami...

Background & Objectives Cigarette smoke is associated with several diseased states including defects in reproductive behavior. Salvadora persica (S. persica) known as the toothbrush plant is reported to possess several pharmacological properties including antidepressants and anxiolytics. The present research was done to determine the libido-protect...

Background Triazole is an important heterocyclic moiety that occupies a unique position in heterocyclic chemistry, due to its large number of biological activities. It exists in two isomeric forms i.e. 1,2,4-triazole and 1,2,3-triazole and is used as core molecule for the design and synthesis of many medicinal compounds. 1,2,4-Triazole possess broa...

Various analogues of benzimidazole are found to be biologically and therapeutically potent against several ailments. Benzimidazole when attached with heterocyclic rings has shown wide range of potential activities. So, from the above provided facts, we altered benzimidazole derivatives so that more potent antagonists could be developed. In the sear...

Background: Triazole is an important heterocyclic moiety that occupied a unique position in heterocyclic chemistry, due to its large number of biological activities. It exists in two isomeric forms i.e. 1,2,4-triazole and 1,2,3-triazole and used as core molecule for the design and synthesis of many medicinal compounds. 1,2,4-Triazole possess broad...

Background: Triazole is an important heterocyclic moiety that occupies a unique position in heterocyclic chemistry, due to its large number of biological activities. It exists in two isomeric forms i.e. 1,2,4-triazole and 1,2,3-triazole and used as core molecule for the design and synthesis of many medicinal compounds. 1,2,4-Triazole possess broad...

Background: Triazole is an important heterocyclic moiety that occupies a unique position in heterocyclic chemistry, due to its large number of biological activities. It exists in two isomeric forms i.e. 1,2,4-triazole and 1,2,3-triazole and is used as core molecule for the design and synthesis of many medicinal compounds. 1,2,4-Triazole possess bro...

Aims: Murraya koenigii commonly known as curry leaves, is traditionally used in India and other South Asian countries as a spice for its characteristic flavor and aroma. Mahanimbine is a major carbazole alkaloid derived from Murraya koenigii leaves. There are numerous reports that support the neuroprotective role of various alkaloids. The present s...

Objective: Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is a chemotherapeutic agent that is widely used as an adjuvant cancer treatment. Unfortunately, this drug is associated with secondary side effects, including cognitive impairment up to 70% of cancer survivors. The mechanism of this memory impairment is unclear. Thus, to understand the cognitive impairments caused...

Abstract In the present study, a series of 2-(4-(2-chloroacetyl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamide derivatives was synthesized and its chemical structures were confirmed by physicochemical and spectral characteristics. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial (tube dilution tech...

Heterocyclic 1,3-diazine nucleus is a valuable pharmacophore in the field of medicinal chemistry and exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities. PharmMapper, a robust online tool used for establishing the target proteins based on reverse pharmacophore mapping. PharmMapper study is carried out to explore the pharmacological activity of 1,3-dia...

Benzimidazole is a valuable pharmacophore in the field of medicinal chemistry and exhibit wide spectrum of biological activity. Molecular docking technique is routinely used in modern drug discovery for understanding the drug-receptor interaction. The selected data set of synthesized benzimidazole compounds was evaluated for its in vitro anticancer...

Abstract Pyrimidine nucleus is a significant pharmacophore that exhibited excellent pharmacological activities. A series of pyrimidine scaffolds was synthesized and its chemical structures were confirmed by physicochemical and spectral analysis. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential towards Gram positive and neg...

Background: Increased rate of mortality due to the development of resistance to currently available antimicrobial and anticancer agents initiated the need to develop new chemical entities for the treatment of microbial infections and cancer. Objective: The present study was aimed to synthesize and evaluate antimicrobial and anticancer activities...

Background: A series of 5-(2-amino-6-(3/4-bromophenyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzene-1,3-diol scaffolds was synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation and characterized by NMR, IR, Mass and elemental analyses. Methods: The synthesized pyrimidine scaffolds were screened for their antimicrobial activity by tube dilution method as well for antiproliferati...

Abstract In order to overcome the challenges of microbial resistance as well as to improve the effectiveness and selectivity of chemotherapeutic agents against cancer, a novel series of 4-(4-bromophenyl)-thiazol-2-amine derivatives was synthesized and its molecular structures were confirmed by physicochemical and spectral characteristics. The synth...

Background: A series of 6, 6'-(1,4-phenylene)bis(4-(4-bromophenyl)pyrimidin-2-amine) derivatives has been synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation and its chemical structures was confirmed by FT-IR, 1H/13C-NMR spectral and elemental analyses. The molecular docking study was carried out to find the interaction between active bis-pyrimidine compo...

Background: Nitrogen containing heterocycles are widely used and investigated by pharmaceutical industry, as they are important in discovery and designing of new drug molecules. Drugs with a benzimidazole nucleus possess exclusive structural features and electron-rich atmosphere, which enable them to bind to a number of biologically important targ...

Background: Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an important target for antimetabolite class of antimicrobials because it participates in purine synthesis. 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (2MBI) has similar structural features as purine nucleotides. Given that benzimidazole and similar heteroaromatics have been broadly examined for their anticancer potentia...

Background: The emergence of bacterial resistance is a major public health problem. It is essential to develop and synthesize new therapeutic agents with better activity. The mode of actions of certain newly developed antimicrobial agents, however, exhibited very limited effect in treating life threatening systemic infections. Therefore, the advan...

Background: In view of wide range of biological activities of oxazole, a new series of oxazole analogues was synthesized and its chemical structures were confirmed by spectral data (Proton/Carbon-NMR, IR, MS etc.). The synthesized oxazole derivatives were screened for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. Results and discussion:...

Background Benzoxazole is the most important class of heterocyclic compound in medicinal chemistry. It has been incorporated in many medicinal compounds making it a versatile heterocyclic compound that possess a wide spectrum of biological activities. ResultsThe molecular structures of synthesized benzoxazole derivatives were confirmed by physicoch...

Background: A new series of benzoxazole analogues was synthesized and checked for their in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities. Results and discussion: The synthesized benzoxazole compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H/13C-NMR, mass and screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacterium: Bacillus...

Background Testosterone, nandrolone, and stanozolol are among the highly consumed anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs). Although the desired effects of AAS are being achieved by the abusers, unfortunately, this leads to numerous physical and physiological side effects. The present study was designed to investigate and determine whether early puberta...

Background Pyrimidine molecules attracted organic chemists very much due to their biological and chemotherapeutic importance. Their related fused heterocycles are of interest as potential bioactive molecules so, we have designed and prepared a new class of 4,4′-(1,4-phenylene)bis(pyrimidin-2-amine) molecules and screened for their in vitro antibact...

Phencyclidine (PCP) has been used to model cognitive deficits related to schizophrenia in rats and mice. However, the model in mice is not consistent in terms of the PCP effective dose reported. Furthermore, most of the previous studies in mice excluded the presence of drug washout period in the regime. Thus, we aimed to optimize the dose of PCP in...

Background: Pyrimidine molecules attracted organic chemists very much due to their biological and chemothera-peutic importance. Their related fused heterocycles are of interest as potential bioactive molecules so, we have designed and prepared a new class of 4,4′-(1,4-phenylene)bis(pyrimidin-2-amine) molecules and screened for their in vitro antiba...

Context: Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been reported to possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-stress properties. Objective: Capitalizing on these therapeutic effects, this study investigated for the first time the potential of VCO on memory improvement in vivo. Materials and methods: Thirty male Wistar rats (7–8 weeks old) were randomly...

Nutritional interventions are now recommended as strategies to delay Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. The present study evaluated the neuroprotective effect (anti-inflammation) of lactic acid bacteria (either Lactobacillus fermentum LAB9 or L. casei LABPC) fermented cow's milk (CM) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglial BV2 cell...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progresses due to beta amyloid aggregation and decreased acetylcholine level. Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) formed by the continuous proteolytic processing of β-amyloid precursor protein (β APP) by β-secretase (BACE1) and γ-secretase (BACE2), plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Evaluated dipeptides...

Aim: The present study is aimed to investigate the ability of ciproxifan, a histamine H3 receptor antagonist to inhibit β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity in SK-N-SH cells and APP transgenic mouse model. Materials and methods: In vitro studies was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of ciproxifan in Aβ25-35 - induced SK-N-SH cells...

Soybean provides high nutritional value and energy due to its composition of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals in Asian populations. The consumption of soybean products is linked to many health benefits including reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer, and soy isoflavones are considered one of the major bioactive com...

The continued progression of neurodegeneration may result in dementia. The present study compared the neuroprotective activities between soybean and tempeh extracts in rats. The extracts were administered orally at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg for 15 days. Radial arm maze and elevated plus maze served as exteroceptive behavioural models for memory measuring...

Background Mental health literacy is beliefs and knowledge about mental health issues and their remedies. Attitudes and beliefs of lay individuals about mental illness are shaped by personal knowledge about mental illness, knowing and interacting with someone living with mental illness, and cultural stereotypes. Mental health issues are increasing...

A novel series of 2-azetidinones clubbed with quinazolinone was synthesized using anthranilic acid. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against two Gram positive bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), one Gram negative bacterial strain (Escherichia coli) and two fungal strains (Can...

In this study, a novel series of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives (1-17) was synthesized and evaluated for its in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer potentials. N-(2-(5-(4-nitrobenzylidene)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxothiazolidin- 3-ylamino)-2-oxoethyl) benzamide (7, pMICam = 1.86 μM/mL) was found to be the most active antimicrobial agent. The anticancer s...

A series of 2-azetidinone derivatives was synthesized from hippuric acid and evaluated for its in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Antimicrobial properties of the title compounds were investigated against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial as well as fungal strains. Anticancer activity was performed against breast cancer (MCF7)...

Dementia is a gradual and continuous decline of higher cognitive functioning. It is a common disorder in older persons and has become more prevalent today. The fresh leaves of Murraya koenigii are often added to various dishes in Asian countries because of the delicious taste and flavor that they impart. These leaves have also been proven to have h...

Probiotics have always been known for their many health promoting effects. Their positive impact on gut health, in particular, is widely recognized. Recent emergence of the concept of a microbiota-gut-brain axis has unearthed yet another potential health benefit of probiotics-the neuroprotective effect. In spite of the huge body of evidence that es...

Objective: To highlight the comparative studies between total isoflavone extracts from soybean and tempeh on the neuronal oxidative stress and antioxidant activities. Methods: The total isoflavones were administered orally for 15 days with 3 selected doses (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg). Piracetam (400 mg/kg, p.o. ) was used as a standard drug while scopola...

A series of 1-[4-(substituted phenyl)-2-(substituted phenyl azomethyl)-benzo[b]-[1,4]diazepin-1-yl]-2-substituted phenyl amino ethanones (1-17) was synthesized and evaluated in vitro for its antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Results of antimicrobial screening indicated that 1-[4-[4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-[(3-nitro-phenylazo)-methyl]-benzo[b][1,4]d...

Soybean and its fermented products are the most common source of isoflavones in human food. The present study quantifies the major glycosides and aglycones in soybean and its fermented product tempeh isoflavone extracts. The comparision of antioxidant effects and BACE1 inhibitory activity between the isoflavones of soybean and tempeh were also esta...

A series 3/4-bromo-N'-(substituted benzylidene/furan-2-ylmethylene/5-oxopentylidene/3-phenylallylidene)benzohydrazides (1-23) was synthesized and characterized by physicochemical and spectral means. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and anticancer potentials. Antimicrobial activity results indicated that compound 12 (p...

Organophosphate pesticides are used in agriculture where they are associated with numerous cases of intentional and accidental misuse. These toxicants are potent inhibitors of cholinesterases leading to a massive build-up of acetylcholine which induces an array of deleterious effects, including convulsions, oxidative damage and neurobehavioral defi...

A new class of 4-thiazolidinones clubbed with quinozolinone nucleus has been synthesized. The title compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer potentials. Results of antimicrobial and anticancer study revealed that compounds 7 (pMICam = 1.69 µM/ml) and 2 (IC50 = 12.83 µM) were found to be the most potent antimicrobial a...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by impaired memory function and oxidative damage. NO is a major signaling molecule produced in the central nervous system to modulate neurological activity through modulating nitric oxide synthase. Recently, PPAR-γ agonists have shown neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common CNS disorder occurring worldwide. There is neither proven effective prevention for AD nor a cure for patients with this disorder. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop safer and more efficacious drugs to help combat the tremendous increase in disease progression. The present review is an attempt at di...

A series of N′ -(substituted)-4-(butan-2-ylideneamino)benzohydrazides (1–21) was synthesized and characterized by physicochemical as well as spectral means. The synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer potentials. The synthesized compounds displayed higher antifungal potential as compared to antibacterial...

Objective: To evaluate the in vivo acute toxicity and antioxidant activity of the marine endophytic fungus extract S2 isolated from Turbinaria conoides. Methods: Two doses (100 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) of the S2 extract were administered to rats orally for acute toxicity and antioxidant test. The body weight, relative weight of six organs, haematol...