Varun Kumar Singh

Redcliffe Labs · Histopathology

Xanthoma in the gastrointestinal tract are rare lesions and are detected incidentally. Xanthoma cells have abundant clear cytoplasm and are seen in sheets in the mucosa or submucosa and is a mimic various neoplastic and non-neoplastic entities. The present study aims to describe clinicopathological characters of upper gastrointestinal xanthomas. A...

Introduction: Reticulocyte parameters obtained from the automated analyzers have gained importance not only in the classification of anemias but also in therapeutic monitoring. Their role in nutritional anemia is by far limited to monitoring the hematinic response. The present study aims to describe the distribution of various reticulocyte paramete...

Background: The expeditious changes of the world today present massive challenges and demand rapid modifications in our education system. Focusing on concept-based learning and core understanding of topics for practical application is the cornerstone for a better outcome. Didactic Lectures (DL) are the most widely used method; however, in the curre...

Background: Atypical neurofibromatous neoplasm of uncertain biological potential (ANNUBP) is a recently describe entity. It is considered to be an intermediate between atypical neurofibroma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST), mostly described in a background of neurofibromatosis type 1(NF-1). The present case of ANNUBP is sporadic...

Ligneous conjunctivitis is a type of chronic conjunctivitis characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes on the conjunctival surface. It can present as a part of a multisystem disease with involvement of other mucous membranes. A 1-year-old girl presented with features of conjunctivitis. Local examination revealed thick exudates in left tarsal...

Foam cell vasculopathy is an obliterating type of vasculitis characterized by fibrinoid necrosis, sub‑intimal foam cell deposition, vessel wall hyalinosis, and lymphocytic infiltrate. Isolated intra‑tumoral foam cell vasculitis is rare and similar changes have been reported in a leiomyoma attributed to treatment with tranexamic acid and gonadotropi...

Mucosal melanomas are rare head‑and‑neck tumors and have a distinct etiology and genetic profile different from cutaneous counterparts. They are most commonly seen in sixth–seventh decade of life and have aggressive behavior. The patients usually present with nodal metastasis, which is the most important poor prognostic indicator for mucosal melano...

Doxorubicin is a widely used anticancer drug whose efficacy is limited due to its cardiotoxicity. There is no ideal cardioprotection available against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the anticipated cardioprotective potential of metformin and dapagliflozin against doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in Wista...

Histopathological diagnosis involves examination of slides stained by chemical stains which are health hazard to researchers, technicians and pathologists. This study screened plant based natural stains for histological applications. About 176 test staining solutions were prepared from 11 plant extracts and the staining ability in rat skin tissue w...

Malignant melanoma with infiltration into the bone marrow is seldom reported in the literature, for they are exceedingly rare. The primary site is not always apparent and a sizeable number of cases have been attributed to an occult primary. Metastasis to bone marrow is a terminal event usually occurring in stage IV of the disease and can be a focus...

Human parvovirus B19 is a known etiological agent for aplastic crisis in patients with chronic hemolysis and immunodeficiencies. The aplastic state caused in healthy children and adults is usually transient as compared to the more severe form seen in at risk population. Here we present a case of adult immuno- competent male with megaloblastic anemi...

Aim The present series aims to highlight the sites, clinical presentation, histopathological features, anddiagnostic dilemmas of extra-nasal rhinosporidiosis. Materials and methods A review of pertinent demographic and laboratory data for patients diagnosed with extra-nasal rhinosporidiosis, over a period of 7 years (2012- 2019) was done. Results...

Endocervical polyps are a common occurrence in the postmenopausal age group and many reports have described the presence of heterologous elements in the stroma of such polyps. The presence of mature adipose tissue in the stroma has been hypothesized to be arising from the perivascular fat or metaplastic transformation of the smooth muscle cells pos...

Myelosuppression by doxorubicin is a life-threatening adverse effect in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methyl gallate is an antioxidant found in a variety of plant species. The study aimed to demonstrate the protective role of methyl gallate on doxorubicin-induced cytopenias in Wistar rats. The animals were prophylactically treated with t...

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the female genital tract is rare with documented cases confined to the endometrium, fallopian tube, and ovary. A careful search of English literature yielded only two reports pf myometrial involvement by xanthgranulomatous inflammation. Herein, we present a case of 37-year-old diabetic female with a previously di...

Oncocytes are epithelial cells having abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The presence of oncocytes in salivary glands pose a diagnostic challenge since they can be present in lesions ranging from non-neoplastic, benign to malignant. FNAC is a simple procedure which can aid in the pre-operative diagnosis of these lesions. This study is an eight year r...

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent anti-cancer antibiotic that was widely used for treatment of various cancers. It produces free radicals which result in extreme dose-limiting cardiotoxicity. This study investigated the cardioprotective potential of chia seed oil, an active polyphenolic nutraceutical against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar...

Introduction: Superficial palpable swellings with helmintic infection as an underlying etiology is usually an accidental finding in the surgically excised specimens. Somatic nematodes and cestodes are the commonly implicated organisms, and the zoonotic nematodes show an emerging trend. The present study aims to reappraise the histopathological find...

Detection and reporting of crystals in urine is an integral part of a clinical laboratory. Presence of crystals is not always pathological and affected by a variety of pre analytical factors. Pathologically significant crystals are rare and seen in acidic urine. Here we report three such cases where urine crystals posed a reporting dilemma. Case 1...

Introduction: Castleman disease (CD) is a benign uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder requiring a high index of suspicion. Based on the clinical features and lymph node involvement, they can be categorized into unicentric (UCD) and multicentric (MCD) types. The rarity of this entity and infrequency of diagnosis accounts for the incomplete knowledg...

Introduction: Metastases to the sinonasal region is rare and presents with features overlapping with various regional neoplastic/non-neoplastic lesions. This series aims to highlight the clinical presentations and diagnostic difficulties of sinonasal metastases. Material and Method: A review of pertinent demographic and laboratory data for patients...

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), one of the most devastating infectious diseases to have emerged in recent history is characterised by impairment of cellular immunity with severe reduction in T-helper cells. Complications of AIDS include opportunistic infections, unusual neoplasms and unexplained lymphadenopathy. Hematological abnormaliti...

Introduction: Epithelioid sarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with evidence of epithelial differentiation. All the cases reported in the solid organs are of “proximal type” occurring in adults. We report a primary epithelioid sarcoma arising in the adrenal gland of a young male. Case report: An 11-year-old male patient presented with right...

Introduction: Thyroid carcinomas are common malignancies encountered in routine diagnostics Aim: Aim of this study was to analyse the histopathological spectrum of thyroid malignancy with papillary carcinoma subtyping and to assess the cytological and histopathological correlation of thyroid malignancies. Methods and materials: Carcinoma thyroid ca...

Delta-beta Thalassemia is a rare variant of thalassemia with elevated Hb F. Heterozygous and homozygous state of delta-beta thalassemia present with features similar to Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Haemoglobin (HPFH) and beta thalassemia intermedia. Here, we describe a case of 8-month-old female child with anaemia and splenomegaly. Haemoglobin e...

Background: Granulomatous lesions of the breast are uncommon and can mimic malignancy. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is among the first investigations in such patients. Cytological diagnosis in the absence of granulomas may pose a diagnostic dilemma. The present study outlines the cytological features of such lesions. Methods: This was a 6-year (Jan...

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Pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia constitutes around 3-5% of all childhood malignancies. It is characterized by t(9;22) with BCR-ABL1 fusion and p210 transcript. A 9-year-old male child presented with hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, marked leucocytosis, basophilia, myelocyte metamyelocyte peak,and 4% blasts in the differential count. Leukocyte alkalin...

Introduction: Uterine sarcomas are rare tumors arising from mesodermal tissue of uterus which accounts for 1-3% of all female genital tract malignancies. They are characterized by rapid clinical progression and poor outcome. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinicopathological features of uterine sarcoma and their treatment outcome. Mat...

Epithelioid leiomyoma is a rare variant of leiomyoma. The tumour includes three distinct entities, leiomyoblastoma, clear cell leiomyoma and plexiform leiomyoma. It is histologically characterised by epithelioid cells, clear cells or plexiform pattern in varied proportions. We report a case of a 49-year-old female with complaints of palpable mass p...

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, characterized by its unique morphology. Modern-day diagnostic methods like flow cytometry have limitations in accurate diagnosis of the disease making morphology the mainstay for its diagnosis and adequate management. Here, we present a case of IVLBCL w...

Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumour in children. Bone marrow examination is a part of diagnosis and staging workup of neuroblastoma. Chemotherapy forms mainstay of treatment and post-chemotherapy histological changes are an important indicator of prognosis. A 4-year-old male child came with complaints of fever and hepatomega...

Introduction: Sino nasal Solitary Fibrous Tumour (SFT) has been categorised as borderline/low-grade malignant tumours in the recent WHO classification of Head and Neck Tumours (2017). SFT have been reported in pleura and diverse extra pleural sites of which Sino nasal region accounts for <0.1%. Owing to its overlapping histopathological features wi...

Introduction: Cervical carcinoma is one of the leading causes of death among women worldwide. An estimated of 2,30,000 women die annually from cervical cancer, and almost 1,90,000 are from developing countries. It is considered to be the 3rd most common malignancy among women. Materials and Methods: This is a 5 year retrospective study done in the...

Introduction: Cervical carcinoma is one of the leading causes of death among women worldwide. An estimated of 2,30,000 women die annually from cervical cancer, and almost 1,90,000 are from developing countries. It is considered to be the 3rd most common malignancy among women. Materials and Methods: This is a 5 year retrospective study done in the...

Introduction: Adenosquamous carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater is a rare neoplasm with its clinicopathological profile limited to a few case reports. Here we report clinical profile, morphology and outcome of two cases of this rare entity. Case report: Case 1 was a 57 year old male who presented with features of obstructive jaundice; Case 2 was a 55...

Serous atrophy of bone marrow also known as gelatinous transformation or serous fat atrophy is a rare finding. It is characterised by focal loss of hematopoietic elements, fat cell atrophy, and extracellular deposition of gelatinous substance with adjacent marrow hypoplasia. Pathogenesis of such atrophy is poorly understood and is considered to be...

Aim: Phyllodes (PT) tumor is a rare fibro-epithelial neoplasm but requires an accurate preoperative diagnosis on fine needle aspiration cytology and most importantly to be distinguished from fibroadenoma, which allows the surgeon for correct surgical planning and avoidance of reoperation. We have evaluated both these neoplasm and tried to draw a di...