Vanessa Stadlbauer

Medical University of Graz · Abteilung für Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie

Introduction: Although adherence to immunosuppressive medication is the key factor for long-term graft survival today, 20-70% of transplant recipients are non-adherent to their immunosuppressive medication. Objective: A prospective, randomized, controlled single-center feasibility study was designed to evaluate the impact of a step guided multic...

Even after decades of research and pharmaceutical development, cancer is still one of the most common causes of death in the western population and the management of cancer will remain a major challenge of medical research. One of the most common types of cancer is colorectal cancer (CRC). Prevention by detection of early-stage precursors is the mo...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the safety and feasibility of 3 nonconsecutive days of intermittent fasting (IF) per week over 12 weeks in participants with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Forty-six people were randomized to an IF or control group. Dietary counseling and continuous glucose monitoring was provided. Coprimary e...

Background Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has affected liver disease management. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Austrian orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) programs, however, has not been systematically investigated. Methods All patients listed for OLT in Austria during 2020–2021 were studied. Data on severe acute respirato...

Even after decades of research and pharmaceutical development, cancer is still one of the most common causes of death in the western population and the management of cancer will remain a major challenge of medical research. One of the most common types of cancer is colorectal cancer (CRC). Prevention by detection of early-stage precursors is the mo...

Risk prediction is an essential part of clinical care, in order to allocate resources and provide care appropriately. During the COVID-19 pandemic risk prediction became a matter of political and public debate as a major clinical need to guide medical and organizational decisions. We previously presented a simplified risk stratification score based...

DER MORBUS WEIL (LEPTOSPI�ROSE) IST EINE WELTWEIT VOR�KOMMENDE ZOONOSE DIE MIT IKTERUS, HÄMORRHAGIEN, AKUTEM LEBER- UND NIERENVERSAGEN, MENINGITIS, UND FIEBER EINHERGEHEN KANN

Background & aims Portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) and hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) are severe pulmonary vascular complications of chronic liver disease and strongly associated with morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of these complications is relatively high in patients evaluated for liver transplantation, however it is virtually unknown i...

Introduction: The blood donation process is strictly regulated by law. The process includes the necessity of a medical history taken to determine if a donor is suitable to donate, which shall guarantee both donor and recipient safety. Supplementary screening for a limited number of infections is performed by antibody (HIV, HCV, syphilis) or antige...

Recently, CEN/TS 17626:2021, the European pre-analytical standard for human specimens intended for microbiome DNA analysis, was published. Although this standard relates to diagnostic procedures for microbiome analysis and is relevant for in vitro diagnostic (IVD) manufacturers and diagnostic laboratories, it also has implications for research and...

Background: We aimed to gain insights in a co-culture of 10 bacteria and their postbiotic supernatant. Methods: Abundances and gene expression were monitored by shotgun analysis. The supernatant was characterized by liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) and gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Supernatant was harvested after 4...

Background & aims: The high risk for severe shunting-related post-interventional complications demands a stringent selection of candidates for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). We aimed to develop a simple and reliable tool to accurately predict early post-TIPS mortality. Methods: 144 cases of TIPS implantation were retrospec...

L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) is administered as a therapeutic and/or preventive strategy against hepatic encephalopathy either intravenously or orally in patients with liver cirrhosis. Here, we analyzed how LOLA influences the microbiome and metabolome of patients with liver cirrhosis. We retrospectively analyzed the stool microbiome, stool, urin...

Aim: Intermittent fasting, a dietary intervention of alternate eating and fasting, has gained popularity in people trying to lose weight. Intermittent fasting could provide an alternative to classic caloric restriction in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus . The aim of the study is to determine the impact of a 12 weeks intermittent fasting regim...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has occupied the time and resources of health care professionals for more than 1 year. The risk of missed diagnoses has been discussed in the medical literature, mainly for common diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular events. However, rare diseases also need appropriate attention in times of a pandemic. Case Re...

Background and Aims Treatment of ACLF is an unmet need. DIALIVE is a novel liver dialysis device that replaces dysfunctional albumin and removes PAMPs and DAMPs. This RCT tests the hypothesis that DIALIVE improves the prognosis of ACLF patients. Primary endpoint was safety, and other endpoints included clinical and pathophysiologic effects and devi...

Background In ACLF, systemic inflammation (SI) due to pathogen and damage associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs), albumin and endothelial dysfunction results in organ failure. DIALIVE, a liver dialysis device replaces dysfunctional albumin and removes PAMPs and DAMPs. In a randomised controlled trial, DIALIVE resolved ACLF faster and in a...

The transition from compensated to decompensated cirrhosis results from a complex interplay of predisposing and precipitating factors and represents an inflection point in the probability of a patient surviving. With the progression of cirrhosis, patients accumulate multiple disorders (e.g. altered liver architecture, portal hypertension, local and...

Background: Probiotics are generally considered as safe, but infections may rarely occur in vulnerable patients. Alternatives to live microorganisms to manage dysbiosis may be of interest in these patients. Reuterin is a complex component system exhibiting broad spectrum antimicrobial activity and a possible candidate substance in these cases. Meth...

We aimed to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity and the in vivo effect on the murine fecal microbiome and volatile organic compound (VOC) profile of (S)-reutericyclin. The antimicrobial activity of (S)-reutericyclin was tested against Clostridium difficile, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus...

Background and Aim Fibroscan® is used to assess fibrosis and steatosis of the liver noninvasively. The company suggests to use the S+-probe in people <18 years with a thoracic circumference (TC) between 45 and 75 cm and the M+-probe in children with a TC >75 cm and adults with a skin–liver capsule distance <2.5 cm. For lean adults with a TC ≤75 cm,...

Secondary sclerosing cholangitis in critically ill patients (SC-CIP) is a rare cholestatic liver disease triggered by long-term intensive care treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and characteristics of gastrointestinal bleeding in SC-CIP. Patients with diagnosed SC-CIP were retrospectively identified and compared to a con...

The EndoBarrier™ medical device is a duodenal-jejunal bypass liner designed to mimic the effects of gastric bypass surgery to induce weight loss and glycaemic improvement. In this study, 10 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a mean body mass index (BMI) of 43.3 ± 5.0 (kg/m 2) and a mean glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 60.6 ± 8.6...

The gut-liver axis describes the physiological interplay between the gut and the liver and has important implications for the maintenance of health. Disruptions of this equilibrium are an important factor in the evolution and progression of many liver diseases. The composition of the gut microbiome, the gut barrier, bacterial translocation, and bil...

Liver cirrhosis is an increasing public health threat worldwide. Malnutrition is a serious complication of cirrhosis and is associated with worse outcomes. With this review, we aim to describe the prevalence of malnutrition, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets to treat malnutrition. Malnutrition is frequently und...

Background Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is produced in the liver and binds to different complex receptor/coreceptor systems. Besides many other processes, FGF21 regulates the intake of simple sugars and alcohol. Increased levels of FGF21 decrease harmful alcohol intake in mice. To increase our understanding on the relationship between FGF21...

Zusammenfassung Protonenpumpenhemmer werden seit etwa 30 Jahren erfolgreich gegen magensäureassoziierte Erkrankungen, wie peptische Ulzera oder Refluxerkrankungen, eingesetzt. Durch ihre kovalente Bindung an die Protonenpumpen in den Parietalzellen des Magens kann die Magensäureproduktion effektiv reduziert und die therapeutische Wirkung der Proton...

Background Portal hypertension (PH) causes severe complications in patients with liver cirrhosis, such as variceal bleeding and ascites; however, data on the knowledge and perceptions on guideline recommendations for the management of varices and the use of albumin is scarce. Methods We designed two structured surveys on (i) the management of vari...

Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is characterized by multiple extra-hepatic manifestations. Innate immune dysfunction and hemolysis are symptoms which might be associated with each other. We investigated the impact of direct acting antivirals on neutrophil function and its connection to hemolysis. In this prospective study, 85 patients with or w...

Background: Health care professionals have to judge the appropriateness of treatment in critical care on a daily basis. While there is general consensus that critical care interventions should not be performed when they are futile, it is unclear in quantitative terms, which chances of survival are considered necessary and which risk for serious dis...

Purpose Diabesity, the combination of obesity and type 2 diabetes, is an ever-growing global health burden. Diabesity-associated dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome has gained attention as a potential driver of disease and, therefore, a possible therapeutic target by means of pro- or prebiotic supplementation. This study tested the effects of a...

Secondary sclerosing cholangitis in critically ill patients (SC-CIP) occurs after long-term intensive care treatment. This study aimed to assess the gut-liver axis in SC-CIP. Stool microbiome composition, gut permeability, bacterial translocation and serum bile acid profiles of 18 SC-CIP patients compared to 11 patients after critical illness witho...

Background: Dementia is an increasing public health threat worldwide. The pathogenesis of dementia has not been fully elucidated yet. Inflammatory processes are hypothesized to play an important role as a driver for cognitive decline but the origin of inflammation is not clear. We hypothesize that disturbances in gut microbiome composition, gut ba...

Background: Knowledge and attitude towards organ donation are critical factors influencing organ donation rate. We aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude towards organ donation in adolescents in Austria and Switzerland. Methods: A paper-based survey was performed in two secondary schools (age range 11-20 years) in Austria and Switzerland. 35...

Malignant diseases can cause tumor-associated cachexia (TAC). Supplementation with prebiotic non-digestible carbohydrates exerts positive metabolic effects in experimental oncologic diseases. The aim of this project was to assess the effect of prebiotic supplementation with OMNi-LOGiC® FIBRE on intestinal microbiome, bacterial metabolism, gut perme...

Probiotics have been used in trials to therapeutically modulate the gut microbiome and have shown beneficial effects in cirrhosis. However, their effect on the microbiome of cirrhosis patients is not fully understood yet. Here, we tested the effects of a multispecies probiotic on microbiome composition in compensated cirrhosis. The gut microbiome c...

Background Subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction (SGB2) results in increased gastric pH and diminished gastric barrier. Increased gastric pH following PPI therapy has an impact on the gut microbiome, intestinal inflammation, and possibly patient health. If similar changes are present after SGB2, these can be relevant for patient heal...

Malnutrition in liver cirrhosis is frequently underestimated. To determine if a patient is at risk of malnutrition, several screening tools have been established. However, most of them are not validated for patients with liver cirrhosis. Therefore, we compared the RFH-NPT (Royal Free Hospital Nutritional Prioritizing Tool) as the validated gold sta...

Background & Aims Solute generation rates, distribution volumes and compartment effects control the in vivo efficiency of any extracorporeal therapy such as extracorporeal liver support (ELS) used to remove bile acids accumulating in acute-on-chronic liver patients. The aim of this study was to identify and to examine kinetic parameters of two majo...

Background: Dementia is an increasing public health threat worldwide. The pathogenesis of dementia has not been fully elucidated yet. Inflammatory processes are hypothesized to play an important role as a driver for cognitive decline but the origin of inflammation is not clear. We hypothesize that disturbances in gut microbiome composition, gut bar...

The European Working group on Sarcopenia in Older People recently updated the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. It is yet unclear how these modified criteria influence the rate of diagnosis in high risk populations, such as liver cirrhosis. We therefore assessed if the new diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia impacts on sarcopenia prevalence in liv...

Side effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) can be linked to the changes in the intestinal microbiome that occur during therapy, especially in long-term users. Therefore, the microbiome might also be a key player in the reduction of PPI side effects. We tested the effects of a three-month intervention with a multispecies synbiotic on intestinal in...

Background & aims: The occurrence of acute decompensation (AD) worsens the prognosis of advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). Various insults leading to increased systemic inflammation trigger acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) with dramatically increased short-term mortality. During acute conditions such as sepsis, high-density lipoprotein ch...

Background&aims: Compositional changes of the faecal microbiome in cirrhosis are well described and have been associated with complications and prognosis. However, it is less well known, which disease or treatment-related factors affect microbiome composition most distinctively. Methods: 16S rDNA sequencing data of 88 cirrhotic outpatients were...

Background: Dementia is an increasing public health threat worldwide. The pathogenesis of dementia has not been fully elucidated yet. Inflammatory processes are hypothesized to play an important role as a driver for cognitive decline but the origin of inflammation is not clear. We hypothesize that disturbances in gut microbiome composition, gut bar...

Background: Dementia is an increasing public health threat worldwide. The pathogenesis of dementia has not been fully elucidated yet. Inflammatory processes are hypothesized to play an important role as a driver for cognitive decline but the origin of inflammation is not clear. We hypothesize that disturbances in gut microbiome composition, gut bar...

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are an invaluable therapy option for acid related diseases; however, PPI therapy is also linked to a series of side effects in cirrhosis, such as microbiome alterations, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatic encephalopathy. Decision tools to balance benefits and risks of PPI therapy are largely missing. In this...

Background In nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), advanced fibrosis has been identified as an important prognostic factor with increased liver-related mortality and treatment need. Due to the high prevalence of NAFLD, noninvasive risk stratification is needed to select patients for liver biopsy and treatment. Objective To compare the diagnos...

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