Valery Bocquet

• PhD
• Statistician at LIH Luxembourg Institute of Health

Background In malaria vaccine clinical trials, immune responses after vaccination may be compromised due to immunosuppression caused by concurrent Plasmodium falciparum infection. This has a direct effect on the protective efficacy of the vaccine being evaluated. Therefore, parasite clearance prior to vaccination is being considered. Drugs with goo...

Introduction Childhood chronic diseases affect family functioning and well-being. The aim of this study was to measure the impact of caring for a child with PUV, and the factors that most impact the burden of care. Patients and method We gave a questionnaire on the familial impact of having a child with posterior urethral valves to all parents of...

Introduction Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a frequent (1:300) autosomal dominantly inherited condition which causes premature (women <60 years, men <55 years) cardio–cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Early detection and initiation of treatment can prevent the development of CVD and premature death. Our pilot study aims to investigate the prev...

Objective Boys with posterior urethral valves (PUV) present an increased risk of febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI). Identifying specific risk factors could allow for tailoring UTI prevention. The aim of this study was to use the data from the CIRCUP randomized controlled trial data to identify patient characteristics associated with a higher r...

Résumé Objectif Le pica est généralement défini comme la consommation compulsive de produits non alimentaires sur une période prolongée, en dehors de tout contexte culturel. La consommation de glaçon ou pagophagie serait le type de pica le plus étroitement lié à la carence martiale. Nous avons étudié la prévalence des picas et leurs caractéristiqu...

The Incidence of peri-intubation cardiac arrest (PICA) has been rarely assessed in the out-of-hospital setting. The objectives of this study were to assess the incidence and factors associated with PICA (cardiac arrest occurring within 15 min of intubation) in an out-of-hospital emergency setting, wherein emergency physicians perform standardized a...

Introduction Le pica est généralement défini comme la consommation compulsive de produits non considérés comme de la nourriture sur une période prolongée, en dehors de tout contexte culturel. La consommation de glaçon ou pagophagie serait le type de pica le plus étroitement lié à la carence martiale. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier, dans u...

Objectives A clear definition of what we understand of high‐dose misuse or of a ‘markedly increased dose’ (as stated by the DSM‐5) is important and past definitions may be inadequate. The aim of this review is to describe the different definitions used and to test these definitions for their accuracy. Methods A narrative PubMed literature review w...

Visceral adiposity is a major risk factor of cardiometabolic diseases. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is usually measured with expensive imaging techniques which present financial and practical challenges to population-based studies. We assessed whether cardiometabolic conditions were associated with VAT by using a new and easily measurable anthropo...

Introduction: Suicide is the most frequent external cause of death in Luxembourg and is recognized as a major public health problem. The risk of dying by suicide increases with age, reaching its peak at 75+ years of age. Identifying suicide risk factors is crucial for suicide prevention. Since suicidal thoughts can lead to self-harm, suicide attemp...

Objectives We estimated the prevalence of short sleep duration and multimorbidity in Luxembourg, and assessed whether sleep duration was associated with multimorbidity after adjusting for sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics. Design Cross-sectional study. Participants Data from 1508 Luxembourg residents (48% men and 52% women) aged 25...

Background It is challenging to manage data collection as planned and creation of opportunities to adapt during the course of enrolment may be needed. This paper aims to summarize the different sampling strategies adopted in the second wave of Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors (ORISCAV-LUX, 2016–17), with a focus on population coverage and...

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the burden and risk factors of prediabetes and diabetes in the general adult population of Luxembourg. Design Cross-sectional survey between 2013 and 2015. Setting Data were collected as part of the European Health Examination Survey in Luxembourg (EHES-LUX). Participants 1451 individuals were rec...

Background The European Health Examination Survey in Luxembourg (EHES-LUX) is a population based survey performed from 2013 to 2015 with the aim to establish baseline information on the general health status of the Luxembourg population aged 25 to 64 years. The paper introduces the study design, recruitment method and representativeness of the samp...

Introduction Short sleep duration, poor sleep quality, and health-related disorders all impact on individual health. Epidemiologic data suggest an association of sleep duration and poor sleep quality with cardiometabolic health (e.g. hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases), mental problems (e.g. depression), and mortality. Neverth...

The analyses of geographic variations in the prevalence of major chronic conditions, such as overweight and obesity, are an important public health tool to identify “hot spots” and inform allocation of funding for policy and health promotion campaigns, yet rarely performed. Here we aimed at exploring, for the first time in Luxembourg, potential geo...

Univariate logistic predictive models of overweight and obesity in men, in relation to normal weight (EHES-LUX2013-2015). WRPA: Work-related physical activity. TRPA: Transport-related physical activity. APA: Aerobic physical activity. MSPA: Muscle- strengthening physical activity. (DOCX)

Estimated nonparametric trend of women’s and men’s obesity risk by women’s age cohort (left) and men’s age cohort (right) in Luxembourg. Shown is the posterior mean within 80% credible regions [EHES, 2013–2015]. (TIF)

Univariate logistic predictive models of overweight and obesity in women, in relation to normal weight (EHES-LUX2013-2015). WRPA: Work-related physical activity. TRPA: Transport-related physical activity. APA: Aerobic physical activity. MSPA: Muscle- strengthening physical activity. (DOCX)

Estimated nonparametric trend of women’s and men’s overweight risk by women’s age cohort (left) and men’s age cohort (right) in Luxembourg. Shown is the posterior mean within 80% credible regions [EHES, 2013–2015]. (TIF)

EHES questionnaire. (PDF)

Aim: To investigate the relationship between metabolically healthy and unhealthy weight statuses and a wide range of related health issues, and healthcare and loss-of-productivity costs. Methods: A total of 693 men and 729 women, aged 25-64 years, took part in the European Health Examination Survey conducted in Luxembourg between 2013 and 2015....

Background Depression is a complex mental disorder that affects an increasing proportion of the worldwide population. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Luxembourg, associated risk factors and geographic variations. Additionally, it aims to assess whether first and second generation immigrants are at higher risk fo...

Background: Type 2 diabetes is an increasingly prevalent disease affecting 422 million adults in the world in 2014. Its surveillance and timely detection are necessary steps to control associated comorbidities. While several national population-based studies in Western European countries have reported diabetes prevalence and associated risk factors...

Valéry Bocquet Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, LuxembourgDiabetes is a disease whose global prevalence has been rising year after year, and by 2014 more than 400 million individuals were diagnosed with diabetes.1 As a consequence, screening of patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes has become impor...

Introduction La détection et la surveillance du diabète, maladie toujours plus présente dans les pays industrialisés, sont des étapes nécessaires pour contrôler les morbidités associées. L’objectif de l’étude est de déterminer les facteurs associés au diabète chez les patients non diagnostiqués dans la population générale. Méthodes Dans le cadre d...

Les benzodiazépines hypnotiques présentent un risque de développement d’une dépendance à haut dosage nettement plus important que les benzodiazépines anxiolytiques, selon une étude luxembourgeoise récente. Cet article résume les principales indications de ces molécules et les recommandations thérapeutiques actuelles. Il donne un aperçu des actions...

The aim of this study was to compare the kinetic and kinematic parameters of standing and crouch sprint starts. Parallel starts (PS), false starts (FS), jump starts (JS) and crouch starts (3PS) were compared. Eighteen participants performed each start on a force plate and six infrared cameras captured the three-dimensional coordinates of 36 retro-r...

Benzodiazepine hypnotics bear a higher risk of high dose dependence than benzodiazepine anxiolytics, according to a recent study in Luxemburg. This article summarizes the main indications of these molecules and the current treatment recommendations. It provides an overview of public health actions of the past and the future to reduce their excessiv...

Background: A set of core diabetes indicators were identified in a clinical review of current evidence for the EUBIROD project. In order to allow accurate comparisons of diabetes indicators, a standardised currency for data storage and aggregation was required. We aimed to define a robust European data dictionary with appropriate clinical definitio...

Benzodiazepines are not all the same concerning their risk of high-dose use. We studied benzodiazepine use from the Luxembourg national records of all insured. We calculated the 12-year prevalence from 1995 to 2007. Benzodiazepine users were divided into 3 groups, short-term with no longer than 3-month intake, intermediate with multiple administrat...

Background Most psychiatric disorders present symptom patterns that cause severe impairment on the emotional, cognitive and social level. Thus, adolescents who suffer from a mental disorder risk finding themselves in a downward spiral caused by the reciprocal association of psychological symptoms and negative school experiences that may culminate i...

Benzodiazepines have been considered the treatment of choice for a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. They are currently much more controversial and drugs considered less dangerous are generally preferred. This article summarizes the characteristics of the different benzodiazepines present on the Belgian market. It describes abuse and dependenc...

BACKGROUND: National authorities have to follow the evolution of diabetes to implement public health policies. An algorithm was developed to identify patients with treated type 2 diabetes and estimate its annual prevalence in Luxembourg using health insurance claims when no diagnosis code is available. METHODS: The DIABECOLUX algorithm was based o...

Type 2 diabetes is associated with severe micro- and macro-vascular complications. Physicians' and patients' adherence to follow-up guidelines permits postponing or reducing these complications. The objectives were to assess the level of adherence to fundamental follow-up guidelines and determine patients' characteristics associated with this level...

Background Public authorities in European countries are paying increasing attention to the promotion of work ability throughout working life and the best method to monitor work ability in populations of workers is becoming a significant question. The present study aims to compare the assessment of work ability based on the use of the Work Ability I...

In Luxembourg, the extensive phenomenon of school dropout is a prime policy concern in the light of individual, social and economic consequences. Although the authorities report an overall decrease of the national dropout rate, the proportion of early school leavers who remain without any specific occupation is still alarming. Therefore, this study...

National authorities have to follow the evolution of diabetes to implement public health policies. An algorithm was developed to identify patients with treated type 2 diabetes and estimate its annual prevalence in Luxembourg using health insurance claims when no diagnosis code is available. The DIABECOLUX algorithm was based on patients' age as wel...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 4 weeks training in running on the time spent at max (tlim max). Eight athletes carried out, before and after an aerobic training, an incremental and five exhaustive tests at 90, 95, 100, 115% v max and at the critical power at max (CV'; slope of the linear relation between the tlim max and the...

Background: Prevalence rates of benzodiazepine intake vary amongst studies, mainly due to definitions of benzodiazepine use and abuse, lengths of observation period and samples of subject. Objective: To examine short-and long-term clinical use of benzodiazepines in a large national sample from 1995 to 2006. Methods: A twelve-year population-based s...

Objectives: Compare the characteristics of children, who were compliant or non-compliant in two different therapeutic programs coping with overweight/obesityMethodology: Self-referred overweight and obese children/adolescents, were invited to participate and were randomised to group or individual therapy for a period of 4 months. Group therapy (GT)...

How fertility patients utilise assisted reproductive services can depend on how easy it is to access such services locally. Little data exist to document the extent of economic outflow that accompanies cross-border patient travel specifically for medical procedures that cannot be obtained in country. In this investigation, data from Luxembourg's so...

The relationships between both metabolic (E) and mechanical (W) energy expended and exhaustion time (t(e)), was determined for 11 well-trained subjects during constant load cycloergometric exercises at 95, 100, 110, 115 % maximal aerobic power performed both from rest and, without interruption, after an all-out sprint of 7 s. These relationships we...

In a descriptive sensory analysis, a principal component analysis (PCA) is usually applied to analyze products with attributes. To visualize the variability of a mean point (i.e., the center of gravity of the product), we introduced confidence ellipses. In this particular application, resampling methods are performed. Twenty products composed of fi...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 4 weeks training in running on the time spent at VO2max (tlim VO2max). Eight athletes carried out, before and after an aerobic training, an incremental and five exhaustive tests at 90, 95, 100, 115% vVO2max and at the critical power at VO2max (CV'; slope of the linear relation between the tlim...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 4 weeks training in running on the time spent at VO(2)max (tlim VO(2)max). Eight athletes carried out, before and after an aerobic training, an incremental and five exhaustive tests at 90, 95, 100, 115% vVO(2)max and at the critical power at VO(2)max (CV'; slope of the linear relation between t...

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three very short interval training sessions (15-15 s of hard and easier runs) run at an average velocity equal to the critical velocity to elicit VO2 max for more than 10 minutes. We hypothesized that the interval with the smallest amplitude (defined as the ratio between the difference i...

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-wk severe interval training program on the parameters of oxygen uptake kinetics, such as the oxygen deficit and the slow component, and their potential consequences on the time until exhaustion in a severe run performed at the same absolute velocity before and after training. Six...

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of prior intermittent running at VO2max on oxygen kinetics during a continuous severe intensity run and the time spent at VO2max. Methods: Eight long-distance runners performed three maximal tests on a synthetic track (400 m) whilst breathing through the COSMED K4 portable teleme...

Aim Try to predict world records in running over 200 meters and over marathon, distances representative of speed quality and human endurance, respectively. Methods and results We have then used a smoothing exponential model to predict world records from actual ones. It is a combination between observed and predicted values at previous time. The pr...

This study examined the influence of light additional arm cranking exercise on the VO2 slow component observed during severe cycling exercise. During incremental tests, eleven triathletes exercised to exhaustion cycling with leg, cranking with arm and combined arm and leg cranking and cycling (arm work-rates being set at the third of leg work rates...

The purpose of this study was to characterise the relationship between running velocity and the time for which a subject can run at maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max), (t limV˙O2max). Seven physical education students ran in an incremental test (3-min stages) to determine V˙O2max and the minimal velocity at which it was elicited (νV˙O2max). They then...

Interval training consisting of brief high intensity repetitive runs (30 s) alternating with periods of complete rest (30 s) has been reported to be efficient in improving maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) and to be tolerated well even by untrained persons. However, these studies have not investigated the effects of the time spent at V˙O2max which co...

Objectifs. - Prédire les records du monde à venir pour le 200 mètres et le marathon, disciplines représentatives des qualités de vitesse et d’endurance de I’espèce humaine. Méthodes et résultats. - Nous avons utilisé un modele de lissage exponentiel pour prédire les futurs records à partir des records actuels. Ce modèle est une combinaison entre le...

Summary

Introduction The new best female performance on marathon corresponds to a velocity equal to 17.98 km·h−1. Methods To sustain this velocity for 2 h 20 min, an oxygen consumption equal to 54 mL·min−1·kg−1 is required (with the hypothesis of a very economical stride with a gross oxygen cost equal to 180 mL·min−1·km−1). To be able to maintain this oxy...

Modeling the joint distribution of a binary trait (disease) within families is a tedious challenge, owing to the lack of a general statistical model with desirable properties such as the multivariate Gaussian model for a quantitative trait. Models have been proposed that either assume the existence of an underlying liability variable, the reality o...