Valerie Harwood

The University of Sydney · Sydney School of Education and Social Work

Mandatory Aboriginal education units of study in teacher education programmes are often constrained by overcrowded curriculum, time and classroom-based learning which limit opportunities to engage with and learn from local Aboriginal people and communities. Recognising these issues, at an urban Australian university two of the authors introduced ‘L...

This chapter selects from the vast array of works of art which re-present the self as political and consider the dramatic effects on both the artist and those at whom the work is directed. Examples from a range of art forms are reviewed as acts of resistance that reframe the self. They include James Joyce’s epiphanies of the everyday in Ulysses; th...

This introductory chapter describes the two parts of the book and outlines the framework for analysis that draws on Foucault’s concept of intensification (Discipline and punish: the birth of the prison. Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1977 and an adaptation of Nealon’s genealogy (Foucault beyond Foucault: Power and its intensifications since 1984. Stanford...

This chapter begins with a review of international comparisons of wellbeing and happiness, documenting inequalities in child wellbeing in rich countries. The chapter also documents the levels of stress among children that are reported and considers the increased propensity for such (self) reporting. The increased attention given to the promotion of...

This chapter takes up the later part of Foucault’s work (contained in his writing on ethics, transgression and the history of sexuality) to detail practices of the self and the exploration of the self as a work of art. The distinctive feature of this chapter is that it attempts to show how Foucault’s framework for the practices of the self—determin...

This chapter looks at individuals in contemporary society who have generated public selves which have had significant political effects. We consider the selfwork of four individuals in political and public life: climate activist Greta Thunberg; Chris Sarra, an Indigenous educationist; Malala Yousafsi, activist for female education and Stephanie Shi...

This chapter tracks the emergence of self esteem, self-concept, self-efficacy, and self-regulation in education. It identifies the “psy” disciplines, such as psychiatry or psychology, from which these constituents of the self emerged and at whom and what they were directed. The chapter also tracks how each of these manifestations of the self was va...

The capable self, drawing on the capability perspective, first developed by Amartya Sen (Commodities and capabilities. Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1999a; Development as freedom, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1999b) and further elaborated by Martha Nussbaum (Creating capabilities: The human development approach, The Belknap Press of Harva...

School structures, systems and processes, including assessment, are subjected to scrutiny. Their role as “host institutions” for the incorporation of the self and as sites for the production of individualising evidence is analysed. The effects of school practices (both pedagogic and social) on the child’s self and their families are also considered...

This chapter expands on the analysis offered in Harwood and Allan’s Psychopathology at School: Theorizing mental disorder in education (Routledge, London/New York, 2014) and directs it to a critique of the emergence and saturation of the self. Here we illustrate how psychopathologisation functions as a primary hinge within schools to operationalise...

This final chapter begins with some reflections on the extent of the damage done to children and young people, and indeed to adults and society as a whole by the hyper-attentiveness to the self. We consider the resilience of the psy-disciplines and associated discourses, but nevertheless assert our ambition to interrupt these and reorient towards a...

Missing from the Australian Curriculum is a coherent Aboriginal curriculum narrative that is legitimate in its own right, rather than an “add on” to other curriculum areas. We argue that in order to do this, teachers need to experience Country-centred learning led by local Aboriginal community members. From these experiences, teachers can build rel...

This paper discusses an Aboriginal cultural mentoring project for non-Aboriginal teachers that positions Aboriginal people front and centre as cultural and educational experts. In so doing it sets out to contribute to work in Australia that challenges 'common' understandings about mentoring in educational contexts where the expert is usually a west...

Research undertaken by outsiders into issues of concern to Aboriginal communities frequently ignores community culture and the knowledge embedded within Aboriginal communities. Methodologies are adopted which perpetuate the colonialist mindset of non-indigenous Australians leading to failed solutions to Aboriginal problems. This paper describes an...

In both academic and policy spaces, learning is often cast as lifelong, dynamic, constructive and in particular, agentic. Despite this focus students’ voices are rarely privileged in these spaces – especially in policy. We respond to this oversight by deploying Foucault’s theories of knowledge to explore how students understand themselves as learne...

Resumo: Na Austrália (e possivelmente em muitos outros países), a participação parental na aprendizagem dos filhos é dominada por noções ocidentais de aprendizagem, educação, pedagogia e conhecimento. Discutimos a aplicação de uma antropologia crítica sob o ângulo da educação a estes discursos e recursos metodológicos dominantes, pois nos incentiva...

Universities have a unique responsibility to social justice with Aboriginal peoples. Yet settler privilege is evident in how teaching standards and research funding are determined predominantly by government, delivered and driven by universities born out of dispossessing colonisation. Consequently, research projects intended to disrupt/displace set...

This final chapter of The Promotion of Education: A Critical Cultural Social Marketing Approach discusses how this approach can be ‘conceptualised’ and applied. The chapter discuss the idea of actively engaging with social marketing and adapting and explaining new work informed by a critical and cultural social marketing approach. The point is made...

This chapter considers the contribution of Lead My Learning to promoting education and reviews the ‘lessons learned’ from applying a critical cultural social marketing approach. The chapter examines what the Lead My Learning campaign offered and contributed, drawing on the range of data collected throughout the research. This data includes: intervi...

This chapter provides a close analysis of how a critical cultural social marketing approach was used to adapt social marketing concepts and techniques to create Lead My Learning. In this chapter we get into the ‘nitty gritty’ of how an emphasis on the critical cultural was applied to crafting the Lead My Learning campaign. A detailed description of...

This chapter describes the educational promotion campaign—Lead My Learning, delivered in several sites in New South Wales, Australia, in three modalities: childcare centres, a community-wide setting and in playgroups. As well as a detailed overview of the Lead My Learning campaign, discussion also includes how the marketing mix was extended to incl...

This chapter sets out the argument for the need for the promotion of education and introduces critical cultural social marketing. Critical cultural social marketing is a new approach that adapts techniques from the discipline of social marketing for use in the promotion of educational futures in communities and places where there is educational dis...

This chapter describes in detail what is meant by critical cultural social marketing. This new approach is illustrated by explaining what occurred when we engaged a critical and cultural emphasis in our approach to create Lead My Learning, an education promotion campaign. This is the first of the chapters in the book that brings together an overvie...

In this chapter the first part of the discussion of critical cultural approach to social marketing is presented. When it comes to promoting education we really do need to rethink assumptions about education promotion as a ‘given’, and embrace the proposition that there is a need to make better efforts to promote the ideas, practices and cultures of...

In this chapter we outline the relevance of the problem of promoting educational futures and how this problem connects to the efforts to widen participation in higher education. The case is made that the cultural and social contexts of education need to be at the forefront when it comes to devising new ways to change our thinking about how educatio...

Parent involvement in a child’s education is usually viewed as integral for building educational participation. Critical work has examined the complexity of issues that work to exclude certain social and cultural ‘groups’, as well as practices that can work to build inclusion. This article sets out to contribute to the latter by examining how an ap...

This book introduces critical cultural social marketing and adapts these techniques for use in the promotion of educational futures in communities and places where there is educational disadvantage. An approach that builds on the discipline of social marketing, the authors describe the promotion of education as underpinned by a commitment to unders...

Shame is a ‘slippery’ concept in educational contexts but by listening to Aboriginal philosophy and Country, we can rethink its slipperiness. This article contemplates how multiple understandings of shame are derived from and coexist within colonised educational contexts. We focus on one positive example of Indigenous education to consider how thes...

How far do adults truly understand youth? How do their conceptions inform interventions into young lives or implicate young people’s experiences? Centrally exploring adults’ ideas about youth, Youth, Technology, Governance, Experience seeks to tackle these questions. Specifically, this timely volume uses the four central concepts of youth, technol...

There are well documented concerns with the imposition of high stakes testing into the fabric of school education, and there is now an increasing focus on how such tests impact children’s ‘well-being’. This can be witnessed in reports in the popular news media, where discussion of these impacts frequently refer to ‘stress’ and ‘anxiety’. Yet, there...

In May 2013 one of the most profoundly influential books of the late twentieth and early twenty-first century was released in its fifth edition. Yet, it is not unreasonable to speculate that this newest edition will pass largely unnoticed, even as new diagnoses (and the loss of current ones) seep into the everyday. The fifth edition of the Diagnost...

There is a dearth of scholarly analysis and critique of the Australian newsprint media’s role in the medicalization of child behaviour. To begin to redress this lack this paper analyses newsprint media’s use of metaphors that re/describe and construct realities of ADHD with a medicalizing effect. The interdisciplinary team used the FactivaTM databa...

Young people with tenuous relationships to schooling and education are an enduring challenge when it comes to addressing social inclusion, yet their experiences remain overlooked in efforts to widen participation in higher education. The Politics of Widening Participation and University Access for Young People examines the existing knowledges and f...

Te Puna Wānanga, Starpath and the Marie Clay Research Centre, University of Auckland, Aotearoa/New Zealand.

This chapter describes the psy-knowledges central to preservice teachers’ understandings of challenging behaviour. Particularly, it pays attention to the unexpectedly dangerous questions generated when working towards a practical and integrated understanding of how biological, psychological, and ecological factors interact. This chapter deploys Fou...

The Australian Indigenous Mentoring Experience (AIME) is a national, extra-curricular mentoring programme that is closing the educational gap for young Indigenous Australians. So what is AIME doing that is working so well? This article draws on a large-scale classroom ethnography to describe the pedagogies that facilitate the teacher–student relati...

Series: Routledge Research in Higher Education Poor university attendance by low socioeconomic status (LSES) students is an issue faced by numerous countries worldwide. Socioeconomic status has been shown to be one of the strongest predictors of educational outcomes, with those from HSES backgrounds three times more likely to attend university than...

This article explores the unique mentoring model that the Australian Indigenous Mentoring Experience (AIME) has established to assist Australian Indigenous young people succeed educationally. AIME can be described as a structured educational mentoring programme, which recruits university students to mentor Indigenous high school students. The succe...

The focus of this poster is to report on our findings of the positive impact on the community that occurs via university students volunteering to be a mentor with the Australian Indigenous Mentoring Experience (AIME). AIME is a mentoring program that connects university students (mentors) with Indigenous school students - and is currently (2015) in...

The characteristics that provide a platform for a categorical distinction between being ‘disabled’ and ‘abled’ is arguably dependent on the shared understanding and socially agreed upon ideas of a group of individuals. Collectively, groups derive meaning through communications and interactions with each other and their environment using particular...

This chapter addresses the context of ADHD and childhood mental disorders and considers the ‘risks’ associated with ‘race’, class, and gender within this domain. The chapter draws together the literature on ADHD and childhood mental disorders and statistics from the UK, US, Australia, and Brazil to examine critically the patterns and trends relatin...

This chapter provides a theoretical examination of the constitution of contemporary discourses of depression in childhood and adolescence, focusing on a new depressive disorder described in the fifth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Termed ‘disruptive mood dysregulati...

The Australian Indigenous Mentoring Experience (AIME) is a structured educational mentoring program provided for Indigenous students to access throughout their high school experience. The program is designed to support students to complete high school and transition into university, further education and training or employment at the same rate as e...

The principles of social inclusion have been embraced by institutions across the higher education sector but their translation into practice through pedagogy is not readily apparent. This paper examines perceptions of social inclusion and inclusive pedagogies held by academic staff at an Australian university. Of specific interest were the percepti...

There is a growing body of literature that discusses the stereotyped representations of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in film. Existing literature questions the integrity of filmic representations, listing stereotypes in image, formulaic plots, homogeneous archetypes and unrealistic relationships as a few of the contentious issues. This paper, th...

This paper contributes to a growing body of literature on widening university participation and brings a focus on the classed and embodied nature of young people’s imagination to existing discussions. We interviewed 250 young people living in disadvantaged communities across five Australian states who had experienced disengagement from compulsory p...

A strong feature of the widening participation agenda is improving the aspirations of groups that are underrepresented in higher education. This paper seeks to reposition the utility of this as a focal point of educational interventions by showcasing the success of a mentoring program that takes a different approach. The Australian Indigenous Mento...

Concept mapping is a research method often used to assess participants’ knowledge of a topic. Our project studied how preservice teachers’ knowledge of challenging behaviour changes (or not) during their final professional teaching experience. We asked the participants to make a concept map before and after their final professional teaching experie...

This article explores the unique mentoring model that the Australian Indigenous Mentoring Experience (AIME) has established to assist Australian Indigenous young people succeed educationally. AIME can be described as a structured educational mentoring program, which recruits university students to mentor Indigenous high school students. The success...

Digital stories are often considered in terms of artistic forms, as teaching and learning tools, and for their emancipatory capacity to capture the stories and experiences of marginalised social groups. This case joins the recent move to reconceptualise the digital story by positing it as a useful research method that generates rich multimodal narr...

The medicalisation of the behaviour of children is a phenomenon that is attracting growing attention, with particular concern about the increased likelihood of children living in disadvantaged contexts receiving a medical diagnosis, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and treatment. This paper reports on a study of professionals invol...

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Psychopathology at School provides a timely response to concerns about the rising numbers of children whose behaviour is recognised and understood as a medicalised condition, rather than simply as poor behaviour caused by other factors. It is the first scholarly analysis of psychopathology which draws on the philosophers Foucault, Deleuze, Guattari...

This case study details a collaborative relationship between a university and an Indigenous community organisation. The research partnership, between the University of Wollongong and the Australian Indigenous Mentoring Experience (AIME), has grown from internal university funding to national funding. This is a mutually beneficial partnership for bo...

Access to and participation in university education is a key equity issue, with increased efforts to widen the participation of secondary school-aged students from low socio-economic status (LSES) backgrounds in many countries worldwide. In Australia, programmes aimed at widening university participation generally target LSES children and young peo...

PurposeGenerally, theory and research investigating the effectiveness of mentoring has offered little resounding evidence to attest to mentoring programmes being a strategic initiative that make a real difference in reducing the educational inequities many minority students endure. In contrast to this existing research base, the Australian Indigeno...

In this article, we highlighted the stories of university student mentors who are involved in the Australian Indigenous Mentoring Experience (AIME). The AIME program works with young Indigenous school students, at primary and secondary school levels, to encourage continued participation in education and to consider university as a viable life goal....

Teaching in university education programmes, can, at times, involve the uncomfortable situation of discriminatory speech.A situation that has often occurred in our own teaching, and in those of our colleagues, is the citation of homophobic and heterosexist comments.These are comments that are more likely to occur in foundation subjects such as phil...

Fat bodies are not, fait accompli, bad. Yet in our international research, we found overwhelmingly that fat functioned as a marker to indicate health or lack of health. A body with fat was simply and conclusively unhealthy. This article reports on how this unbalanced view of fat was tied to assessments of healthy bodies that were achieved by the ac...

Schools are often the first point of contact for young refugees resettling in Australia and play a significant role in establishing meaningful connections to Australian society and a sense of belonging in Australia (Olliff in Settling in: How do refugee young people fair within Australia’s settlement system? Centre for Multicultural Youth Issues, M...

One of the numerous responses to the mass shooting at Virginia Tech in April 2007 has been the call for higher education institutions in the United States to take an increased role in identifying troubled students. This has had widely felt effects, with educational institutions across the United States developing mechanisms such as Threat Assessmen...

The effort to make schools more inclusive, together with the pressure to retain students until the end of secondary school, has greatly increased both the number and educational requirements of students enrolling in their local school. Of critical concern, despite years of research and improvements in policy, pedagogy and educational knowledge, is...

Psychopathologisation, broadly understood as processes that lead to the effects of being psychopathologised, can have considerable consequences for isolating students from education. This can be especially the case for children and young people affected by the racialisation of behaviour and/or socio-economic disadvantage. Drawing on Foucault's anal...

Conceptualising difference is a key task for inclusive pedagogy, and vital to the politics of inclusion. My purpose in this paper is to consider the place that imagination has in helping us to conceptualise difference, and to argue that imagination has a key part to play in inclusive pedagogy. To do this I draw closely on the work of Maxine Greene...

Encouraging debate on inclusion and equity can meet with awkward silences, particularly across disciplinary boundaries. In disability studies, for example, it can be difficult to build dialogue with other disciplines; as a consequence, the different disciplinary groups within the field of education often end up working in their own “equity” silos....

This paper considers Judith Butler’s discussion of the intersections between governmentality and sovereign power in Precarious life: the powers of mourning and violence. We consider this interrelationship with a view to considering how this might enable us to expand our understanding of contemporary discourses governing young people within and outs...

The mass media provides a frame for discourse around important health issues, and it has been widely demonstrated that the development and reinforcement of stereotypes of minority groups are strongly influenced by the news and entertainment media. An extensive search of academic databases failed to locate any studies which examined the representati...

Foucauldian archeological analyses are useful for understanding how knowledge about a given topic is constructed. Because of this, Foucauldian archeology can be argued to be a powerful way to uncover the taken for granted and to inspire different ways of thinking about knowledge and the practices on which it is based. This entry provides a brief ou...

This article discusses a Foucauldian-inspired strategy applied to the analysis of the production of truths about psychopathology, sexuality and young people. Drawing on an interpretation of Foucault’s genealogical tactics, this strategy involves the deployment of four angles of scrutiny: discontinuity, contingency, emergences and subjugated knowled...

WHEN SISTER JEANNINE GRAMICK made the above remark she was commenting on the Vatican's attempts to stop her work with lesbian and gay Catholics. Her struggle to resist this silencing has been made into the compelling film documentary In Good Conscience, which has been widely shown, including in North America and London, and has recently been show i...

Youth culture depicts a form of culture that is distinct from "adult" culture and one that is marked by "youthfulness." Depictions of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer youth cultures include bar and club scenes, raving, and cyberspace. Cinematic portrayals of these youth cultures include the Taiwanese film of gay teenagers in Boys for...