Valentino Garau

Università degli studi di Cagliari | UNICA · Department of Surgical Science

In recent years, within the extensive research regarding human microbiota and chronic diseases, new medical and laboratory technologies have played a crucial role in understanding more complex biological pathways between human cells and microbes. On the other hand, molecular and cellular diversity and their involvement in health responses to changi...

(1) Background: Traumatic dental injuries constitute a major global health problem. Primary deciduous teeth of the upper frontal group are frequently affected by trauma, especially at an early age. It is important to treat primary traumatic injuries because early tooth loss can lead to aesthetic and functional alterations. The most common injuries...

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is an adverse drug reaction that affects the mandible and maxilla of patients exposed to bone-targeting agents (anti-resorptive and anti-angiogenic agents). Bone lesions in multiple myeloma require bisphosphonate treatment. Particularly, the aim of this abstract is to report a successfully treated...

Drug-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a drug complication characterized by the progressive destruction and necrosis of the bone, in the absence of previous radiation treatment. In the present report, a 58-year-old cancer patient treated with zolendronic acid developed a spontaneous palatal osteonecrosis. Following repeated courses of ant...

The aim of this multidisciplinary study, which involved a team of archaeologists, odontologists, biologists, is to examine a set of dental health indicators, including caries, tooth wear, and enamel hypoplasia of a III millennium BC sample from the burial site of Scaba 'e Arriu (Siddi, South Sardinia), in order to evaluate the dental health status...

Lips are a complex anatomical structure with a significant functional. [...]

Atrophic glossitis is a condition characterised by absence of filiform or fungiform papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue. Consequently, the ordinary texture and appearance of the dorsal tongue, determined by papillary protrusion, turns into a soft and smooth aspect. Throughout the years, many factors, both local and systemic, have been asso...

Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a condition characterized by the elongation of filiform papillae associated with a marked discoloration, from yellowish-brown to black, and a thick lingual coating. BHT is usually observed in the elderly and in patients with limited self-sufficiency, as a consequence of poor oral hygiene. In this perspective, the patient...

The aim of this work is to demonstrate how current molecular techniques should be integrated in the diagnostic process and can have a crucial role in the management of oral fungal infections. A case of median rhomboid glossitis Candida‑associated and its resolution will be described step by step. At the time of the first observation, the lesion on...

The aim of this work is to determine the antibacterial activity of three marketed mouthwashes on suspended and sessile states of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. The efficacy of two commonly used products in clinical practice, containing essential oils as active ingredients (menthol, thymol, methyl salicylate, and eucalyptol) in association w...

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is defined as an ‘exposure of necrotic bone in maxillofacial region, which persists more than 8 weeks in patients treated or, in course of treatment with bisphosphonates, not been subjected to radiation therapy of the jaw. Bisphosphonates are compounds used to treat osteoporosis and malignant bone met...

The aim of this case report is to show how an oral condition, such as atrophic glossitis, can be the only clinical sign that allows an early diagnosis of celiac disease. Atrophic glossitis was detected by a dentist during a first routine examination of the oral cavity of a 17-year-old Sardinian young woman and then differential diagnosis was carrie...

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder that can be divided into typical and atypical forms. Atypical forms can show extraintestinal manifestations among which oral signs are very frequent. Considering that the pathogenesis of CD is related to a positivity to specific HLA-DQB1 haplotypes, we tested whether the presence of the HLA-DQB1*02 alle...

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of gynecological carcinomas and in head and neck carcinomas. The aim of this study was to detect and genotype HPVs in fresh oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) from a Sardinian population, and to determine whether HPV presence was significantly associated with the deve...

ObjectivesTo assess the influence of Idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) on dental impaction through the analysis of a case report.MethodsA patient reported a persistent neuralgic pain for about one year in the region of mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve. Panoramic x-rays and CT revealed a round radiopaque area located between lower left bicuspids.R...

The nasopalatine cyst (CNP) was the most common non-odontogenic cyst of the oral cavity, with a range of incidence that varies from 0,5% to 1%. Among the various aetiopathogenetic hypotheses, traumatic factors, bacterial infections, phenomena of retention to the occlusion of the mucous glands ducts are enumerated. The CNP is usually asymptomatic an...

Surgical extraction of an impacted third molar is generally followed by acute post-operative pain that has been shown to be primarily inflammatory. Thus, use of NSAIDs in this context is appropriate and has been shown to be effective. Several drugs are employed for this purpose, but no information exists on the reasons why preference is given to on...

A patient was treated with a maxillary gold-palladium alloy fixed partial denture (FPD). Shortly after placement, the patient contracted severe contact mucositis. Patch-testing revealed a positive reaction to palladium chloride (PdCl 2 , 1% petrolatum) but not to any other component of the prosthesis. After removal of the FPD and placement of a pro...

The lateral periodontal cyst (LPC) is an odontogenetic lesion of the maxillary bone representing about 0.8% of maxillary cystic lesions. It starts in the lateral periodontal area of a vital erupted tooth. Clinical symptoms are generally absent. Its diagnosis usually can be made on the basis of an occasional radiographic examination which shows an o...

Idiopathic Osteosclerosis are localized, non-expansive and asymptomatic areas of bone radio-opacity, whose aetiology is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess its frequency, and distribution according to its location and to patients' age and gender, in a sample of patients native in Sardinia. 697 consecutive clinical records of patients who u...

This study describes the use of a real time-ultrasound imaging technique (echography) for the study of periradicular lesions. Twelve patients with periapical lesions of endodontic origin, diagnosed with conventional clinical and radiographic examination, were examined further using echography at the site of the diagnosed lesions. Each lesion was ec...

After a wide survey of the literature, the results of a clinical-statistic study carried out on twelve cases of maxillo-facial bones fibrous dysplasia, diagnosed and treated at the Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department of the II University of Naples, are reported. EXPERIMENTAL ASSAY: Retrospective study. All the patients examined showed fibro-...

A device of alloy with shape-memorising effect (SME) was utilized in the surgical correction of maxillo-facial fractures. Nitinol, an alloy of equal atomic parts nickel and titanium, is a metal with the unusual property of shape memory. This alloy may be easily bent when cooled in its lower temperature phase and it resumes its original shape when h...

The authors present a review regarding knowledge of malnutrition in maxillofacial oncology. The causes of nutritional deficit in head and neck tumor derived from metabolic alteration, consequent to the presence neoplasia and antineoplastic therapy. They analyze how to evaluate clinical status in malnutrition patients and they show different therape...

The authors describe the work carried out with the intention of map and border in simple and repeatable way the risk of dissatisfaction in the patient candidates to cosmetic and oro-maxillo-facial surgery. It represent the first of a series of notes which propose to characterize patients with problems tied to the organization of the individuality i...

In this note I, the authors point out the uncertainty and confusion which exists in the bioceramics field. They then list the calcium phosphate biomaterials today in use.

292 cases of salivary gland diseases have been observed and treated at the Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department of the Faculty of Medicine II Naples University. The statistical results concerning age, sex, localization, histological characteristics and therapy are analysed and compared with other references.

The authors analyze 102 personal cases of submaxillary gland excision. They describe their epidemiological and clinical features and make a comparison with the data already published on the same subject.