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Introduction
I am a software developer and author of computer books. I also work on some problems in theoretical physics. For more information, please visit my personal Web site at https://www.vttoth.com/.
Publications
Publications (154)
Using recently developed nonrelativistic numerical simulation code, we
investigate the stability properties of compact astrophysical objects that may
be formed due to the Bose-Einstein condensation of dark matter. Once the
temperature of a boson gas is less than the critical temperature, a
Bose-Einstein condensation process can always take place du...
We develop a high-precision model for laser ranging interferometric (LRI)
observables of the GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission. For this, we study the
propagation of an electromagnetic wave in the gravitational field in the
vicinity of an extended body, in the post-Newtonian approximation of the
general theory of relativity. We present a general r...
We investigate the possibility that the anomalous acceleration of the Pioneer
10 and 11 spacecraft is due to the recoil force associated with an anisotropic
emission of thermal radiation off the vehicles. To this end, relying on the
project and spacecraft design documentation, we constructed a comprehensive
finite-element thermal model of the two s...
GPL Maxima is an open-source computer algebra system based on DOE-MACSYMA. GPL Maxima included two tensor manipulation packages from DOE-MACSYMA, but these were in various states of disrepair. One of the two packages, CTENSOR, implemented component-based tensor manipulation; the other, ITENSOR, treated tensor symbols as opaque, manipulating them ba...
Modified Gravity (MOG) has been used successfully to explain the rotation curves of galaxies, the motion of galaxy clusters, the Bullet Cluster, and cosmological observations without the use of dark matter or Einstein's cosmological constant. We now have the ability to demonstrate how these solutions can be obtained directly from the action princip...
Building upon earlier work, we explore the limits of using a configuration of satellites to measure the trace of the gravitational gradient tensor using intersatellite laser ranging and timing observables without relying on high-precision external observables such as deep space radio navigation or astrometry with unrealistic accuracy. A refined mod...
Almost all spiral galaxies have been observed to have flattening rotation curves. The new Gaia DR3 released data shows a Milky Way sharply Keplerian declining rotation curve, starting at $\sim 16$ kpc and ending at 26.5 kpc. The data reduces the total Milky Way mass by an order of magnitude, $M=2.06\times 10^{11}M_{\odot}$, compared to the standard...
We investigate the propagation of light signals across multiple gravitational lenses, with particular emphasis on the “communication bridge” scenario of two lenses with collinear source and observer. The lenses are assumed to be non-coplanar, far enough from one another for each lens to be treated independently as thin lenses in the limit of weak g...
NGC1277 is a compact but massive lenticular galaxy that shows no signs of the presence of dark matter. We find that this galaxy’s behavior is consistent not only with Newtonian dynamics, but also with the predictions of Scalar–Tensor–Vector–Gravity, also known as MOG (MOdified Gravity). The compact size of the galaxy, in combination with its large...
We investigate the utility of a constellation of four satellites in heliocentric orbit, equipped with accurate means to measure intersatellite ranges, round-trip times and phases of signals coherently retransmitted between members of the constellation. Our goal is to reconstruct the measured trace of the gravitational gradient tensor as accurately...
We investigate imaging point sources with a monopole gravitational lens, such as the Solar Gravitational Lens in the geometric optics limit. We compute the light amplification of the lens used in conjunction with a telescope featuring a circular aperture that is placed in the focal region of the lens, compared to the amount of light collected by th...
We utilize the well-established properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) to consider more realistic observational scenarios. Actual exoplanets, which may be the target of an SGL observational campaign, are not stationary. Their appearance also changes in a variety of ways, including changes due to their diurnal rotation and varying illumina...
We investigate imaging point sources with a monopole gravitational lens, such as the Solar Gravitational Lens in the geometric optics limit. We compute the light amplification of the lens used in conjunction with a telescope featuring a circular aperture that is placed in the focal region of the lens, compared to the amount of light collected by th...
We investigate the utility of a constellation of four satellites in heliocentric orbit, equipped with accurate means to measure intersatellite ranges, round-trip times and phases of signals coherently retransmitted between members of the constellation. Our goal is to reconstruct the measured trace of the gravitational gradient tensor as accurately...
NGC1277 is a compact but massive lenticular galaxy that shows no signs of the presence of dark matter. We find that this galaxy's behavior is consistent not only with Newtonian dynamics, but also with the predictions of Scalar--Tensor--Vector--Gravity, also known as MOG (MOdified Gravity). The compact size of the galaxy, in combination with its lar...
We utilize the well-established properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) to consider realistic observational scenarios. Actual exoplanets, which may be the target of an SGL observational campaign, are not stationary. Their appearance changes as a result of their diurnal rotation and varying illumination due to their orbital motion around th...
We consider resolved imaging of faint sources with the solar gravitational lens (SGL) while treating the Sun as an extended gravitating body. We use our new diffraction integral that describes how a spherical electromagnetic wave is modified by the static gravitational field of an extended body, represented by series of multipole moments characteri...
We investigate the general relativistic phase of an electromagnetic wave as it propagates in the gravitational field of the Earth, which is modeled as an isolated, weakly aspherical gravitating body. We introduce coordinate systems to describe light propagation in the Earth’s vicinity along with the relevant coordinate transformations, and discuss...
Recently, we witnessed how the synergy of small satellite technology and solar sailing propulsion enables new missions. Together, small satellites with lightweight instruments and solar sails offer affordable access to deep regions of the solar system, also making it possible to realize hard-to-reach trajectories that are not constrained to the ecl...
We consider strong gravitational lensing by nearby stars. Using our wave-optical treatment of lensing phenomena, we study Einstein rings that may form around nearby stellar lenses. It is remarkable that these rings are bright and large enough to be detected and resolved by existing instruments. Such lensing events have durations of hours or days, w...
We present initial results of an engineering study on the feasibility of a space mission to the focal region of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). The mission goal is to conduct exoplanet imaging operations at heliocentric distances in the range ∼548–900 astronomical units (AU). Starting at 547.6 AU from the sun, light from an exoplanet located be...
We consider resolved imaging of faint sources with the solar gravitational lens (SGL) while treating the Sun as an extended gravitating body. We use our new diffraction integral that describes how a spherical electromagnetic wave is modified by the static gravitational field of an extended body, represented by series of multipole moments characteri...
We consider strong gravitational lensing by nearby stars. Using our wave-optical treatment of lensing by a compact mass, we study Einstein rings that may form around such stellar lenses. These large and bright rings are resolvable by existing instruments. Such lensing events take place in hours or days, with peak light amplification lasting several...
We consider the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) treating the Sun as a massive compact body. Using our previously developed wave-optical treatment of the SGL, we convolve it with a thin lens representing an optical telescope, and estimate the power spectral density and associated photon flux at individual pixel locations on...
We discuss the feasibility of direct multipixel imaging of exoplanets with the solar gravitational lens (SGL) in the context of a realistic deep space mission. For this, we consider an optical telescope, placed in the image plane that forms in the strong interference region of the SGL. We consider an Earth-like exoplanet located in our immediate st...
Symmetric trace-free tensors are used in many areas of physics, including electromagnetism, relativistic celestial mechanics and geodesy, as well as in the study of gravitational radiation and gravitational lensing. Their use allows integration of the relevant wave propagation equations to arbitrary order. We present an improved iterative method fo...
We present initial results of an ongoing engineering study on the feasibility of a space mission to the focal region of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). The mission goal is to conduct exoplanet imaging operations at heliocentric distances in the range ~548-900 astronomical units (AU). Starting at 548 AU from the Sun, light from an exoplanet loca...
We consider the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) treating the Sun as a massive compact body. Using our previously developed wave-optical treatment of the SGL, we convolve it with a thin-lens representing an optical telescope, and estimate the power spectral density and associated photon flux at individual pixel locations on...
We investigate the possibility of determining the mass distribution of a gravitational lens via lensing observations. We consider an extended, compact gravitational lens, representing its static external gravitational potential via an infinite set of symmetric trace free (STF) multipole moments. Within the wave-optical treatment, we evaluate the ca...
We discuss the feasibility of direct multipixel imaging of exoplanets with the solar gravitational lens (SGL) in the context of a realistic deep space mission. For this, we consider an optical telescope, placed in the image plane that forms in the strong interference region of the SGL. We consider an Earth-like exoplanet located in our immediate st...
The solar gravitational lens (SGL) offers unique capabilities for direct high-resolution imaging of faint, distant objects, such as exoplanets. For that purpose, in the near future, a spacecraft carrying a meter-class telescope with a solar coronagraph would be placed in the focal region of the SGL. That region begins at ∼547 astronomical units fro...
We study gravitational lensing by a generic extended mass distribution. For that, we consider the diffraction of electromagnetic waves by an extended, weakly aspherical, gravitating object. We account for the static gravitational field of such a lens by representing its exterior potential in the most generic form, expressed via an infinite set of s...
We study imaging of point sources with a quadrupole gravitational lens while focusing on the formation and evolution of the Einstein cross formed on the image sensor of an imaging telescope. For this, we consider the optical properties of an oblate gravitational lens that is characterized, in addition to a monopole potential, by the presence of a q...
The solar gravitational lens (SGL) offers unique capabilities for high-resolution imaging of faint, distant objects, such as exoplanets. In the near future, a spacecraft carrying a meter-class telescope with a solar coronagraph would be placed in the focal region of the SGL. That region begins at ~547 astronomical units from the Sun and occupies th...
The recent data release by the Planck satellite collaboration presents a renewed challenge for modified theories of gravitation. Such theories must be capable of reproducing the observed angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation. For modified theories of gravity, an added challenge lies in the fact that standard computatio...
Symmetric trace-free tensors are used in many areas of physics, including electromagnetism, relativistic celestial mechanics and geodesy, as well as in the study of gravitational radiation and gravitational lensing. Their use allows integration of the relevant wave propagation equations to arbitrary order. We present an improved iterative method fo...
We investigate the contributions of the Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker metric of the standard cosmology as an asymptotic boundary condition on the first-order approximation of the gravitational field in Moffat's theory of modified gravity (MOG). We also consider contributions due to the fact that the MOG theory does not satisfy the shell the...
We investigate the contributions of the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric of the standard cosmology as an asymptotic boundary condition on the first-order approximation of the gravitational field in Moffat’s theory of modified gravity (MOG). We also consider contributions due to the fact that the MOG theory does not satisfy the shell theor...
Beyond the Newtonian approximation, gravitational fields in general relativity can be described using a formalism known as gravitoelectromagnetism. In this formalism a vector potential, the gravitomagnetic potential, arises as a result of moving masses, in strong analogy with the magnetic force due to moving charges in Maxwell's theory. Gravitomagn...
Beyond the Newtonian approximation, gravitational fields in general relativity can be described using a formalism known as gravitoelectromagnetism. In this formalism, a vector potential, the gravitomagnetic potential, arises as a result of moving masses, in strong analogy with the magnetic force due to moving charges in Maxwell’s theory. Gravitomag...
We consider gravitational lensing by a generic extended mass distribution. We represent the static external gravitational field of the lens as a potential via an infinite set of symmetric trace free (STF) moments. We discuss the possibility of determining the physical characteristics of the lens including its shape, orientation and composition via...
We study the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) while treating the Sun as an extended, axisymmetric and rotating body. The gravitational field of the Sun is represented using a set of zonal harmonics. We develop an analytical description of the intensity of light that is observed in the image plane in the strong interference r...
We continue our investigation of the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). We treat the Sun as an extended axisymmetric body and model its gravitational field using zonal harmonics. We consider a point source that is positioned at a large but finite distance from the Sun and, using our new angular eikonal method, we established...
We study gravitational lensing by a generic extended mass distribution. For that, we consider the diffraction of electromagnetic (EM) waves by an extended, weakly aspherical, gravitating object. We account for the static gravitational field of this lens by representing its exterior potential in the most generic form, expressed via an infinite set o...
We continue to study the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). The aim is prospective applications of the SGL for imaging purposes. We investigate the solution of Maxwell’s equations for the electromagnetic (EM) field, obtained on the background of a static gravitational field of the Sun. We now treat the Sun as an extended body...
We report on the initial results obtained with an image convolution/deconvolution computer code that we developed and used to study the image formation capabilities of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). Although the SGL of a spherical sun creates a greatly blurred image, knowledge of the SGL’s point-spread function makes it possible to reconstruct...
We continue our investigations of the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). We treat the Sun as an extended axisymmetric body and model its gravitational field using zonal harmonics. We consider a point source that is positioned at a large but finite distance from the Sun and, using our new angular eikonal method, we established...
We study the optical properties of an oblate gravitational lens, such as the solar gravitational lens, which, in addition to a monopole, is characterized by the presence of a small quadrupole zonal harmonic. We obtain a new type of diffraction integral using our recently developed angular eikonal method. We evaluate this integral using the method o...
The recent data release by the Planck satellite collaboration presents a renewed challenge for modified theories of gravitation. Such theories must be capable of reproducing the observed angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation. For modified theories of gravity, an added challenge lies with the fact that standard computat...
We study the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) while treating the Sun as an extended, axisymmetric and rotating body. The gravitational field of the Sun is represented using a set of zonal harmonics. We develop an analytical description of the intensity of light that is observed in the image plane in the strong interference r...
We continue our study of the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens. Taking the next step beyond representing it as an idealized monopole, we now characterize the gravitational field of the Sun using an infinite series of multipole moments. We consider the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves in this gravitational field within the...
We continue to study the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). The aim is prospective applications of the SGL for imaging purposes. We investigate the solution of Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic (EM) field, obtained on the background of a static gravitational field of the Sun. We now treat the Sun as an extended body...
The lensing and Einstein ring at the core of the galaxy cluster Abell 3827 are reproduced in the modified gravity theory (MOG). The estimated effective lensing mass ML=(1+α)Mb=5.2×1012 M⊙ within R=18.3 kpc for a baryon mass Mb=1.0×1012 M⊙ within the same radius produces the observed Einstein ring angular radius θE=10′′. A detailed derivation of the...
We continue our study of the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). Taking the next step beyond representing it as an idealized monopole, we now characterize the gravitational field of the Sun using an infinite series of multipole moments. We consider the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves in this gravitational field withi...
We report on the initial results obtained with an image convolution/deconvolution computer code that we developed and used to study the image formation capabilities of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). Although the SGL of a spherical Sun creates a greatly blurred image, knowledge of the SGL's point-spread function (PSF) makes it possible to recon...
The lensing and Einstein ring at the core of the galaxy cluster Abell 3827 are reproduced in the modified gravity theory MOG. The estimated effective lensing mass $M_L=(1+\alpha)M_b=5.2\times 10^{12} M_\odot$ within $R=18.3$~kpc for a baryon mass $M_b=1.0\times 10^{12} M_\odot$ within the same radius produces the observed Einstein ring angular radi...
We study the image formation process with the solar gravitational lens (SGL) in the case of an extended, resolved source. An imaging telescope, modeled as a convex lens, is positioned within the image cylinder formed by the light received from the source. In the strong interference region of the SGL, this light is greatly amplified, forming the Ein...
We discuss the in-flight autonomous assembly as the means to build advanced planetary science payloads to explore the outer regions of the solar system. These payloads are robotically constructed from modular parts delivered by a group of smallsats (< 20 kg) which are placed on fast solar system transfer trajectories while being accelerated by sola...
We examined the solar gravitational lens (SGL) as the means to produce direct high-resolution, multipixel images of exoplanets. The properties of the SGL are remarkable: it offers maximum light amplification of ~1e11 and angular resolution of ~1e-10 arcsec. A probe with a 1-m telescope in the SGL focal region can image an exoplanet at 30 pc with 10...
We examined the solar gravitational lens (SGL) as the means to produce direct high-resolution, multipixel images of exoplanets. The properties of the SGL are remarkable: it offers maximum light amplification of ~1e11 and angular resolution of ~1e-10 arcsec. A probe with a 1-m telescope in the SGL focal region can image an exoplanet at 30 pc with 10...
We study image formation with the solar gravitational lens (SGL). We consider a point source that is positioned at a large but finite distance from the Sun. We assume that an optical telescope is positioned in the image plane, in the focal region of the SGL. We model the telescope as a convex lens and evaluate the intensity distribution produced by...
We study the image formation process with the solar gravitational lens (SGL) in the case of an extended, resolved source. An imaging telescope, modeled as a convex lens, is positioned within the image cylinder formed by the light received from the source. In the strong interference region of the SGL, this light is greatly amplified, forming the Ein...
We discuss the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). We estimate the power of the EM field received by an imaging telescope. Studying the behavior of the EM field at the photometric detector, we develop expressions that describe the received power from a point source as well as from an extended resolved source. We model the sour...
We present calculations for the anticipated shadow sizes of Sgr A* and the supermassive black hole in the galaxy M87 in the context of the MOG modified theory of gravitation (also known as Scalar-Tensor–Vector-Gravity). We demonstrate that mass estimates derived from stellar and gas dynamics in the vicinity of these black holes are the Newtonian ma...
We study image formation with the solar gravitational lens (SGL). We consider a point source that is positioned at a large but finite distance from the Sun. We assume that an optical telescope is positioned in the image plane, in the focal region of the SGL. We model the telescope as a convex lens and evaluate the intensity distribution produced by...
We investigate the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) with respect to an extended source located at a large but finite distance from the Sun. The static, spherically symmetric gravitational field of the Sun is modeled within the first post-Newtonian approximation of the general theory of relativity. We consider the propagation...
We discuss the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL). We estimate the power of the EM field received by an imaging telescope. Studying the behavior of the EM field at the photometric detector, we develop expressions that describe the received power from a point source as well as from an extended resolved source. We model the sour...
We investigate the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) with respect to an extended source located at a large but finite distance from the Sun. The static, spherically symmetric gravitational field of the Sun is modeled within the first post-Newtonian approximation of the general theory of relativity. We consider the propagation...
The remarkable optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) include major brightness amplification (∼1011 on the optical axis, at a wavelength of 1μm) and extreme angular resolution (∼10-10arcsec). A deep space mission equipped with a modest telescope and coronagraph, traveling to the focal area of the SGL that begins at ∼548 astronomic...
We present calculations for the anticipated shadow sizes of Sgr A* and the supermassive black hole in the galaxy M87 in the context of our modified theory of gravity (MOG, also known as Scalar-Tensor-Vector-Gravity, or STVG). We demonstrate that mass estimates derived from stellar dynamics in the vicinity of these black holes are the Newtonian mass...
We study the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves in the solar system and develop a Mie theory that accounts for the refractive properties of the free electron plasma in the extended solar corona. We use a generic model for the electron number density distribution and apply the eikonal approximation to find a solution in terms of Debye potenti...
We investigate the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) in the presence of the solar corona. For this, we consider the combined influence of the static spherically symmetric gravitational field of the Sun —modeled within the first post-Newtonian approximation of the general theory of relativity— and of the solar corona —modeled...
We study the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) under the combined influence of the static spherically symmetric gravitational field of the Sun—modeled within the first post-Newtonian approximation of the general theory of relativity—and of the solar corona—modeled as a generic, steady-state, spherically symmetric free electro...
We model the velocity dispersion of the ultradiffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 using Newtonian gravity and modified gravity (MOG). The velocity dispersion predicted by MOG is higher than the Newtonian gravity prediction, but it is fully consistent with the observed velocity dispersion that is obtained from the motion of 10 globular clusters (GCs).
We investigate the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) in the presence of the solar corona. For this, we consider the combined influence of the static spherically symmetric gravitational field of the Sun---modeled within the first post-Newtonian approximation of the general theory of relativity--and of the solar corona--modeled...
We study the shadow cast by a large gravitating sphere, similar to our Sun. For this, we consider the gravitational field produced by a static mass monopole within the first post-Newtonian approximation of the general theory of relativity. We study the propagation of a monochromatic electromagnetic wave in the vicinity of a large, opaque, gravitati...
We study the optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) under the combined influence of the static spherically symmetric gravitational field of the Sun--modeled within the first post-Newtonian approximation of the general theory of relativity--and of the solar corona--modeled as a generic, static, spherically symmetric free electron p...
We study the shadow cast by a large gravitating sphere. For this, we consider the gravitational field produced by a static mass monopole within the first post-Newtonian approximation of the general theory of relativity. We consider propagation of a monochromatic electromagnetic (EM) wave in the vicinity of the sphere and develop a wave-optical trea...
We model the velocity dispersion of the ultra-diffuse galaxy NGC 1052-DF2 using Newtonian gravity and modified gravity (MOG). The velocity dispersion predicted by MOG is higher than the Newtonian gravity prediction, but it is fully consistent with the observed velocity dispersion that is obtained from the motion of 10 globular clusters.
We study the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves in the solar system and develop a Mie theory that accounts for the refractive properties of the free electron plasma in the extended solar corona. We use a generic model for the electron number density distribution and apply the eikonal approximation to find a solution in terms of Debye potenti...
The Solar Gravitational Lens (SGL) allows for major brightness amplification ($\sim 10^{11}$ at wavelength of $1~\mu$m) and extreme angular resolution ($\sim10^{-10}$ arcsec) within a narrow field of view. A meter-class telescope, with a modest coronagraph to block solar light with 1e-6 suppression placed in the focal area of the SGL, can image an...
We study the electromagnetic (EM) field in the shadow cast by a large opaque sphere. For this, we consider the scattering of a high-frequency monochromatic EM wave by the large sphere and develop a Mie theory that accounts for the presence of this obscuration. Applying fully absorbing boundary conditions, we find a solution for the Debye potentials...
The remarkable optical properties of the solar gravitational lens (SGL) include major brightness amplification (~1e11 at wavelength of 1 um) and extreme angular resolution (~1e-10 arcsec) in a narrow field of view. A mission to the SGL carrying a modest telescope and coronagraph opens up a possibility for direct megapixel imaging and high-resolutio...
We study the electromagnetic (EM) field in the shadow cast by a large opaque sphere. For this, we consider the scattering of a high frequency monochromatic EM wave by the large sphere and develop a Mie theory that accounts for the presence of this obscuration. Applying fully absorbing boundary conditions, we find a solution for the Debye potentials...
Modified gravity (MOG) is a covariant, relativistic, alternative gravitational theory whose field equations are derived from an action that supplements the spacetime metric tensor with vector and scalar fields. Both gravitational (spin 2) and electromagnetic waves travel on null geodesics of the theory's one metric. Despite a recent claim to the co...
Modified gravity (MOG) is a covariant, relativistic, alternative gravitational theory whose field equations are derived from an action that supplements the spacetime metric tensor with vector and scalar fields. Both gravitational (spin 2) and electromagnetic waves travel on null geodesics of the theory's one metric. Despite a recent claim to the co...
We consider the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves in the gravitational field of the Sun within the first post-Newtonian approximation of the general theory of relativity. We solve Maxwell's equations for the EM field propagating on the background of a static mass monopole and find an exact closed form solution for the Debye potentials, whic...
We consider the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves in the gravitational field of the Sun within the first post-Newtonian approximation of the general theory of relativity. We solve Maxwell's equations for the EM field propagating on the background of a static mass monopole and find an exact closed form solution for the Debye potentials, whic...
Efficient allocation and dispatch of emergency vehicles is a common problem encountered by law enforcement and public safety agencies. An example of such agencies is the traffic patrol department, which has the responsibility of regulating and managing the movement of road traffic as well as responding to road incidents in a timely manner. A brief...
Clifford algebras have broad applications in science and engineering. The use of Clifford algebras can be further promoted in these fields by availability of computational tools that automate tedious routine calculations. We offer an extensive demonstration of the applications of Clifford algebras in electromagnetism using the geometric algebra G3...
Clifford algebras have broad applications in science and engineering. The use of Clifford algebras can be further promoted in these fields by availability of computational tools that automate tedious routine calculations. We offer an extensive demonstration of the applications of Clifford algebras in electromagnetism using the geometric algebra G3...
TianQin is a proposal for a space-borne detector of gravitational waves in
the millihertz frequencies. The experiment relies on a constellation of three
drag-free spacecraft orbiting the Earth. Inter-spacecraft laser interferometry
is used to monitor the distances between the test masses. The experiment is
designed to be capable of detecting a sign...
We develop a high-precision model for relativistic observables of the Atomic
Clock Ensemble in Space (ACES) experiment on the International Space Station
(ISS). We develop all relativistic coordinate transformations that are needed
to describe the motion of ACES in Earth orbit and to compute observable
quantities. We analyze the accuracy of the req...
Galaxy rotation curves determined observationally out to a radius well beyond
the galaxy cores can provide a critical test of modified gravity models without
dark matter. The predicted rotational velocity curve obtained from
Scalar-Vector-Tensor Gravity (STVG or MOG) is in excellent agreement with data
for the Milky Way without a dark matter halo,...
We compare the behavior of a charged particle in a gravitational field and
empty space. We resolve the apparent conflict between the Lorentz-Dirac
equation and Larmor's formula of radiation by noting that the former describes
an electron that is itself accelerated by an electromagnetic field. If instead,
a hypothetical particle is considered that i...