Umer Rashid

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Associate Professor at Quaid-i-Azam University

Currently, the world is facing challenges in accessing information on the web. Each second, millions of bytes of data are generated. Easy internet access has shifted users’ tendency towards online information retrieval systems. Notably, web search engines can retrieve relevant information from immense piles of available data. However, accessing web...

Nowadays, the web has emerged as an enormous multimedia data resource. Social media platforms are becoming the mass producers of user-generated multimedia content. Web search engines usually organize media-specific information, such as text, images, video, etc., in specialized data repositories (verticals), providing easy access to multimedia conte...

In the contemporary digital landscape, web search functions as a pivotal conduit for information dissemination. Nevertheless, blind users (BUs) encounter substantial barriers in leveraging online services, attributable to intrinsic deficiencies in the information structure presented by online platforms. A critical analysis reveals that a considerab...

The existing image search engines allow web users to explore images from the grids. The traditional interaction is linear and lookup-based. Notably, scanning web search results is horizontal-vertical and cannot support in-depth browsing. This research emphasizes the significance of a multidimensional exploration scheme over traditional grid layouts...

A dermatologist-like automatic classification system is developed in this paper to recognize nine different classes of pigmented skin lesions (PSLs), using a separable vision transformer (SVT) technique to assist clinical experts in early skin cancer detection. In the past, researchers have developed a few systems to recognize nine classes of PSLs....

In recent years, the industrial network has seen a number of high-impact attacks. To counter these threats, several security systems have been implemented to detect attacks on industrial networks. However, these systems solely address issues once they have already transpired and do not proactively prevent them from occurring in the first place. The...

Nowadays, exponential growth in online production and extensive perceptual power of visual contents (i.e., images) complicate the users’ information needs. The research has shown that users are interested in satisfying their visual information needs by accessing the image objects. However, the exploration of images via existing search engines is ch...

Nowadays, the growth of multimedia content over the web is exponential. The fingerprints are inconspicuously embedded in multimedia content. The fingerprints can be exploited to trace divergent information from multimedia resources. Sampling fingerprints, particularly from multimedia resources, is challenging since they are complex, heterogeneous,...

With population growth, solid waste management is the main issue for the administration of many developing countries. Because of poor garbage management and the openness of dumpsites, residents are at risk, and the ecology becomes more vulnerable to infectious diseases, resulting in many global environmental problems. Today, technology has pushed t...

Recently, cross-domain recommendation systems have been very helpful in improving the quality of recommendation and solving the problem of cold start and data sparsity. Cross-domain recommender systems allow the transfer of knowledge from one domain with dense ratings to other domain with sparse ratings. Such transfer of knowledge helps in addressi...

The extensive information delivery power and an immense volume of image objects make them frequently use multimedia content over the web. However, access to desired image objects to satisfy visual information needs by employing primitive exploration paradigms is difficult. Traditionally, the linear presentation of web image results often leads to r...

Nearly 3.5 billion humans have oral health issues, including dental caries, which requires dentist-patient exposure in oral examinations. The automated approaches identify and locate carious regions from dental images by localizing and processing either colored photographs or X-ray images taken via specialized dental photography cameras. The dentis...

Privacy is a serious concern related to sharing videos or images among people over the Internet. As a method to preserve images' privacy, chaos-based image encryption algorithms have been used widely to fulfil such a requirement. However, these algorithms suffer from a low key-space, significant computational overhead, and a lag in resistance again...

The recent advancements in the web allow users to generate multimedia content, resulting in multimedia information proliferation. Existing search engines provide access to multimedia content via a disjoint assembly of media-specific results called verticals. However, this decentralized assembly of media contents requires manual aggregation and synt...

The proliferation of multimedia content is transforming users’ information needs from simple lookup-based information retrieval to more complex exploratory and discovery searches. The exploratory search paradigm requires nonlinear access to diverse multimedia documents, which jeopardizes the traditional precision-oriented Search Engine Results Page...

Nowadays, web users frequently explore multimedia contents to satisfy their information needs. The exploration approaches usually provide linear interaction mechanisms and do not exploit the multiple information modalities associated with results. They cannot treat multimedia documents as aggregated entities. The aggregation of results in multimedi...

The recent proliferation of multimedia information on the web enhances user information need from simple textual lookup to multi-modal exploration activities. The current search engines act as major gateways to access the immense amount of multimedia data. However, access to the multimedia content is provided by aggregating disjoint multimedia sear...

Social media is a vital source to produce textual data, further utilized in various research fields. It has been considered an essential foundation for organizations to get valuable data to assess the users' thoughts and opinions on a specific topic. Text classification is a procedure to assign tags to predefined classes automatically based on thei...

Over the years, cross-domain and trust-based recommendation systems are proven to be very helpful in solving issues pertaining to data sparsity and cold start. Many e-commerce sites used recommender systems as business tools for increasing their sale productivity and help their customers in finding suitable products. However, due to sparse rating a...

In recent years, user’s trust has gained attention in recommender systems. Trust plays a vital role in the recommendation of online products. Trust is a dynamic feature which evolves with passage of time and varies from person to person. Trust-based cross domain recommender systems suggest items to the users usually by ratings, provided by similar...

On web information exists in the form of text, audio, image, and video objects often referred to multiple media objects. Vertical web search provides the search of multiple media information usually via keyword-based queries. The search results in different media formats usually presented in separate panels/tabs; integration is mostly non-blended....

Objective of this research is to develop an expert system for the preliminary investigation of cardiac abnormality in human beings. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is judged best for the prediction of heart abnormalities in cardiac patients at initial stages. Our research is intended to employ an Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique in an automat...

In the field of Multimodal Information Retrieval, one of the issue to tackle is how to effectively browse the search result space. In addressing this issue, it is particularly important to take into consideration that, especially nowadays, data is highly semantically interlinked. In this scenario, we present a tool to navigate and visualize the res...

Nowadays, together with the increasing spread of the content available online, users’ information needs have become more complex. To fulfill them, users strongly rely on Web search engines, but traditional ways of presenting search results are often unsatisfactory. In fact, Web pages carry information that exists in multiple media formats, such as...

Objective of this research is to develop an expert system for the preliminary investigation of cardiac abnormality in human beings. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is judged best for the prediction of heart abnormalities in cardiac patients at initial stages. Our research is intended to employ an Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique in an automat...

Task Analysis techniques models the human activity for the computer based systems. The role of task analysis is vital in the interface design. In recent years, various task analysis techniques have been explored by the researchers, which include Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA), Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA), Link Analysis (LA), and Timeline Analys...

Human Computer Interaction (HCI) based interface modeling techniques can be employed in designing interactions. They provide complete mechanism for the design of an interactive interface in analysis and design phases of interface development. Interface design using these techniques incorporates usability and utility aspects. Object Action Interface...

Multimedia information retrieval systems operate on multimedia information. Multimedia information exists in text, audio, image and video forms. Existing multimedia information retrieval systems do not satisfy multimedia information needs. Information needs are only satisfied when information is searched within all information modalities of a multi...

WWW is a huge multimedia information resource. It is composed of diverse heterogeneous unorganized information resources. Information resources include multimedia data from different diversities. Information exploration services are required for searching and browsing of multimedia information resources. Browsing mechanisms are satisfactory when in...

Information retrieval systems that search within multimedia artifacts face inter-modality fusion problem. Fuzzy logic, sequential and linear combinational techniques are used for inter-modality fusion. We explore asymptotically that Fuzzy logic and sequential techniques have limitations. One major limitation is that they only address fusion of docu...

There is a trend towards construction of multimedia digital information resources which may hold diverse data types in the form of image, graphics, audio, video, and text based retrieval artifacts or objects. WWW is a huge multimedia information resource. Existing search mechanisms available on WWW are mostly mono-modal. Multimedia information need...