Umay Kiraz

• Pathology specialist at Stavanger University Hospital

Aims Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is prognostically and therapeutically heterogeneous. The mitotic activity index (MAI) and fibrotic focus (FF) have been established as predictors in non-TNBC but not in TNBC. Late distant metastases occur in TNBC, but previous studies had short follow-up. High stromal tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs)...

A subset of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) expresses the androgen receptor (AR), but thresholds for AR positivity and its clinical significance vary. We hypothesize that objective assessment outperforms subjective methods, and that high AR negatively impacts prognosis. In a population-based TNBC cohort (n = 198) with long follow-up (4–383 mon...

Background Histopathology is a gold standard for cancer diagnosis. It involves extracting tissue specimens from suspicious areas to prepare a glass slide for a microscopic examination. However, histological tissue processing procedures result in the introduction of artifacts, which are ultimately transferred to the digitized version of glass slides...

The most prevalent form of bladder cancer is urothelial carcinoma, characterized by a high recurrence rate and substantial lifetime treatment costs for patients. Grading is a prime factor for patient risk stratification, although it suffers from inconsistencies and variations among pathologists. Moreover, absence of annotations in medical imaging r...

Aims In this study, we validate the use of Nottingham Prognostic x (NPx), consisting of tumour size, tumour grade, progesterone receptor (PR) and Ki67 in luminal BC. Materials and methods Two large cohorts of luminal early‐stage BC ( n = 2864) were included. PR and Ki67 expression were assessed using full‐face resection samples using immunohistoch...

We present a pioneering investigation into the application of deep learning techniques to analyze histopathological images for addressing the substantial challenge of automated prognostic prediction. Prognostic prediction poses a unique challenge as the ground truth labels are inherently weak, and the model must anticipate future events that are no...

The most prevalent form of bladder cancer is urothelial carcinoma, characterized by a high recurrence rate and substantial lifetime treatment costs for patients. Grading is a prime factor for patient risk stratification, although it suffers from inconsistencies and variations among pathologists. Moreover, absence of annotations in medical imaging d...

Background Histopathology is a gold standard for cancer diagnosis. It involves extracting tissue specimens from suspicious areas to prepare a glass slide for a microscopic examination. However, histological tissue processing procedures result in the introduction of artifacts, which are ultimately transferred to the digitized version of glass slides...

Background: Histopathology is a gold standard for cancer diagnosis. It involves extracting tissue specimens from suspicious areas to prepare a glass slide for a microscopic examination. However, histological tissue processing procedures result in the introduction of artifacts, which are ultimately transferred to the digitized version of glass slide...

Recent advances in the field of immuno‐oncology have brought transformative changes in the management of cancer patients. The immune profile of tumours has been found to have key value in predicting disease prognosis and treatment response in various cancers. Multiplex immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence have emerged as potent tools for the...

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard treatment for early-stage triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The primary endpoint of NAC is a pathological complete response (pCR). NAC results in pCR in only 30–40% of TNBC patients. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Ki67 and phosphohistone H3 (pH3) are a few known biomarkers to pr...

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a molecularly complex and heterogeneous breast cancer subtype with distinct biological features and clinical behavior. Although TNBC is associated with an increased risk of metastasis and recurrence, the molecular mechanisms underlying TNBC metastasis remain unclear. We performed whole-exome sequenci...

The clinical significance of the tumor-immune interaction in breast cancer is now established, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have emerged as predictive and prognostic biomarkers for patients with triple-negative (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2-negative) breast cancer and HER2-positive breast cancer. How computational...

Modern histologic imaging platforms coupled with machine learning methods have provided new opportunities to map the spatial distribution of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, there exists no standardized method for describing or analyzing spatial immune cell data, and most reported spatial analyses are rudimentary. In this review...

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the natural properties of ascending aortic aneurysms and to compare dilated aortic tissues of patients with ascending aortic aneurysms and the non-pathological aortic tissues of cadavers. Methods: Between January 2017 and January 2020, a total of 14 patients (12 males, 2 females; mean age: 66.6±...

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard treatment for early-stage triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The primary endpoint of NAC is a pathological complete response (pCR). NAC results in pCR in only 30% to 40% of TNBC patients. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Ki67 and phosphohistone H3 (pH3) are a few known biomarkers t...

Mitotic activity is a crucial proliferation biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of different types of cancers. Nevertheless, mitosis counting is a cumbersome process for pathologists, prone to low reproducibility, due to the large size of augmented biopsy slides, the low density of mitotic cells, and pattern heterogeneity. To improve reproduc...

Mitotic activity is a crucial proliferation biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of different types of cancers. Nevertheless, mitosis counting is a cumbersome process for pathologists, prone to low reproducibility, due to the large size of augmented biopsy slides, the low density of mitotic cells, and pattern heterogeneity. To improve reproduc...

Motivation Predicting pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients accurately is direly needed for clinical decision making. pCR is also regarded as a strong predictor of overall survival. In this work, we propose a deep learning system to predict pCR to NAC based on serial...

Predicting pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients accurately is direly needed for clinical decision making. pCR is also regarded as a strong predictor of overall survival. In this work, we propose a deep learning system to predict pCR to NAC based on serial pathology i...

Background: Although triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with an increased risk of recurrence and metastasis, the molecular mechanisms underlying metastasis in TNBC remain unknown. To identify transcriptional changes and genes regulating metastatic progression in TNBC, we compared the transcriptomic profiles of primary and matched m...

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous breast cancer subtype with distinct biological features and clinical behavior. TNBC is associated with an increased risk of metastasis and recurrence. In this whole exome study, we investigated the genetic profiles of primary TNBC tumors and paired metastases using next-generation...

Objective: Sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease is a chronic discharging wound that causes pain and loss of quality of life. Phenol application is an outpatient procedure with low complications and low recurrence rates. We evaluated the radiological, histological, and clinical results of phenol application. Methods: A total of 44 consecutive patient...

Amaç: Az diferansiye tiroid karsinomları (ADTK), biyolojik davranışlarına göre, iyi diferansiye tiroid karsinomlarla anaplastik karsinomlar arasında yeralır. ADTK tanısını koymak için, Turin tanı kriterleri 2017 Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) sınıflamasında kabul edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, son 15 yıllık arşivimizdeki ADTK tanılı olgularımızın bu kriterle...

Background Extramedullary leukemia, also known as myeloid sarcoma, is a rare form of acute myeloid leukemia and often accompanies bone marrow involvement. Myeloid infiltration of the thyroid gland is extremely rare. Here, a unique case in which thyroid cancer tissue was infiltrated with myeloid cells is presented. Case presentation We present a ca...

Myeloid sarcoma of the breast is a rare malignancy, can be seen after bone marrow transplantation. Although there are no specific features for this malignancy which is difficult to diagnose, some common features draw attention in the published case reports. Since there is no consensus on the treatment of myeloid sarcoma of the breast, we aimed to e...

Aim: To assess the presence of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 mutation in glioblastomas using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which is the gold standard in the diagnosis of IDH1 mutation; by immunohistochemistry (IHC), which is available in most of the pathology laboratories; and by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging, which is...

Background Mantle cell lymphomas are aggressive, mature B-cell neoplasms characteristically showing overexpression of cyclin D1. Although lymphadenopathy is the most common presentation, involvement of extranodal sites including bone marrow, peripheral blood, liver, gastrointestinal system, and Waldeyer ring is also seen frequently. Soft tissue loc...

Introduction Solid variant papillary thyroid cancer (SVPTC) is a rare variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its prognostic value is still unclear. Therefore, we re-evaluate the histopathological and clinicopathological features of 28 patients with SVPTC in the light of current literature. Material-methods Of the 1308 cases were previous...

Background: The coexistence of two morphologically different tumors attached to each other creates a very rare type of tumor called a collision tumor. Collision tumors containing pituitary adenoma-sellar meningioma have only been described in four cases to date; we discuss a fifth case harboring a collision tumor comprising a pituitary corticotrop...

Primary cancer metastasis to thyroid gland is rare. The most common metastatic tumors of the thyroid gland are from lung, breast and renal cell carcinoma. In this case report, a patient with breast cancer metastasized to the thyroid gland is presented. A 38-year-old female patient was diagnosed with breast cancer, and positron emission tomography-c...

Objective: Paraspinal schwannomas arise from the dorsal nerve root. Symptoms of schwannomas may depend on their locations and sizes. This case was presented by a female patient with a dorsalgia for 10 years. She had not any specific symptoms but pain and a thick spot on the neck (cervical area). Paraspinal schwannomas involve the dorsal nerve roots...

Pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (GN) is more common in elderly people compared to children and the etiology is not completely understood yet. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity occurs in 80% of the patients. We report a case of a 7-year-old girl who presented with malaise and mildly elevated creatinine diagnosed as ANCA-associate...