Ukwenya Okoliko Victor

• PhD
• Dean School of Basic Medical Sciences at Federal University of Technology

The effect of oral administration of ethanolic root extract of Jatropha gossypifolia and prednisolone on the kidney histology and renal function of albino rats was studied to assess the safety and toxicity of the plant as an herbal remedy.The rats were divided into four groups I, II, III and IV. Group I served as control and was given feed and wate...

Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) has been extensively reported by previous studies to have deleterious effects on the male reproductive system. On the other hand, research has proven that caffeic acid possess potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This research aimed to investigate the potential of caffeic acid in mit...

Background: Hyperprolactinaemia distorts ovarian structural and functional development, causing anovulation and infertility. The evaluations of volume densities (VDs) of structural components of the ovary such as; granulosa cells, theca cells and antrum have been previously used to measure folliculogenesis and determine the physiological status of...

Background: Sodium fluoride (NaF) causes testicular toxicity via an oxidative stress mechanism. Solanum aethiopicum (SAE) contains abundant antioxidant and androgenic properties. This study investigated the ameliorating potential of SAE extract against NaF-induced testicular damage in rats. Methods: Forty-eight (48) adult male Sprague Dawley rats (...

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the leading causes of death globally and complications of DM have become a major health concern. Anacardium occidentale is a plant widely recognized for its hypoglycemic properties and traditionally used in developing nations as remedy for DM treatment. Riboceine is a supplement that enhances production o...

Introduction The golden ratio is a mathematical formula proposed over the years to assess facial beauty objectively. The correlation between the golden ratio and facial attractiveness has been researched in the Caucasian and Asian populations, with little literature on the African population. This study aimed to establish a baseline study on the re...

The fructose-streptozotocin (FRU-STZ) diabetic model has been presented as a viable model of type2 diabetes but its impact on the testes and epididymis of Wistar rats is yet to be investigated. In this study, we probed the role of caffeic acid, a potent antioxidant, in FRU-STZ diabetic rats. Twenty normoglycemic rats were randomly divided into four...

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder, affecting women of reproductive age. Ageratum conyzoïdes (AGC) is used traditionally in the treatment of fever, rheumatism, and ulcer. This study investigates the effects of AGC on ovarian-uterine in PCOS rats. Methods Female rats were randomized into four groups (n = 6). Group...

Background: Despite the benefits of health literacy in promoting health-seeking behavior, much knowledge is yet to be unraveled about health literacy in urban and rural environments amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. This study, therefore, aimed to describe COVID-19 health literacy in urban and rural environments in Nigeria. Methods: A descr...

Introduction: This study aimed to describe COVID-19 health literacy, coping strategies and perception of COVID-19 containment measures among community members in a Southwestern state in Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to enroll 691 respondents from households in Akure, Ondo state using a multi-stage sampling techn...

This study aimed at the effect of vitamin B12 (VB12) on tramadol (TRM) induced pituitary-gonadal Axis toxicity. Thirty-two (32) adult male rats were randomized into four groups of eight (n = 8) rats each. Group A served as control was given 1 ml normal saline, group B received 50 mg /kg bwt TRM, group C received 0.5 mg/kg bwt VB12 and group D recei...

Background The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, has constituted one of the most serious health challenges of the century, globally. The causative organism was initially named the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019 nCoV) but has subsequently been renamed Severe Acute...

Background Distrust has become an obstacle in the effective containment of the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). A study on distrust is needed to develop strategies to improve compliance with the recommended public health safety measures. Objective This study aimed to assess the level of trust in the NCDC COVID-19 risk communication efforts in...

Background This study aimed to assess the level of trust in the COVID-19 risk communication efforts in Nigeria. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among community members aged 15 years and above in Ondo state in October, 2020. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS v...

In order to confirm the erectile potential of Quercetin (Q) in cyclosporine-induced hypertensive rats, this research assesses the influence of Q on the ectonucleotidases and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the brains of rats. Male Wistar rats (200 g–250 g) were divided into five groups at random: Normal control (CTRL), cyclosporine-induced hypertensiv...

In this study, the effects of maternal exposure to Bonny Light Crude Oil (BLCO) on reproductive functions of the offspring was investigated in Wistar rats. Ten pregnant rats were divided into two groups (n=5). Group 1 served as the control, it was administered 0.75ml/Kg bwt/day normal saline and Group 2 was administered 0.75ml/Kg bwt/day BLCO. Seru...

Objective: Reproductive toxicity is an important health challenge, mostly associated with exposure to several environmental toxicants. Arsenic is a ubiquitous toxic compound naturally present in the environment. This study was carried out to evaluate the dietary supplements of D-Ribose-L-Cysteine against sodium arsenate-induced testicular toxicity...

Background: This study aimed to describe community members’ willingness to participate in COVID-19 testing, contact tracing, and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in a Southwestern state in Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Community members aged 15 years and above...

Introduction: the knowledge and practices on Lassa fever (LF) infection prevention and control (IPC) remains poor among health workers in Nigeria despite LF endemicity. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of healthcare workers at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo towards LF. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study...

Diabetes mellitus is becoming an important public health challenge worldwide and especially in developing nations. About 8.8 percent of the world adult population has been reported to have diabetes. Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFAT1) catalyses the first committed step in the pathway for biosynthesis of hexosamines in mammals,...

Traditional treatment of paediatric anaemia in Nigeria entails the use of plants, of which Chromolaena odorata and Tithonia diversifolia are prominent. However, the underlying molecular pharmacology of these plant substances is yet to be established. This study aimed to elucidate the scientific mechanisms that underpin the traditional use of Chromo...

Background: Infection Prevention and Control practices are required to manage COVID-19 and Lassa fever (LF). We aimed to assess COVID-19 and LF risk perception and knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards prevention among doctors and nurses in a treatment centre in Ondo State, Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional st...

Increased applications of pesticides mainly in agriculture and public health has resulted in increased chances of human exposure to pesticides. Chronic exposure to pesticides has been implicated in several human diseases including cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases are broadly used for various heart pathological conditions including d...

Background: Imperforate hymen is an uncommon obstructive congenital anomaly of the female external reproductive channel due to lack of canalization (lower) vaginal plate between the vaginal and urogenital sinus; with a prevalence rate of less < 0.1%. Hematocolpos / imperforate hymen with heamatometra often presents as a pelvic mass that compresses...

Background The effects of D-ribose l -cysteine on nicotine-induced testicular toxicity in male Wistar rats were examined in this study. Twenty healthy adult male Wistar rats with an average weight of 200 g were grouped as normal control, nicotine (2 mg/kg), D-ribose l -cysteine (30 mg/kg) + nicotine (2 mg/kg), and D-ribose l -cysteine (30 mg/kg). T...

D-ribose-L-cysteine is a pro-drug that is derived from L-cysteine which is reported to upsurge the cellular levels of glutathione. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that causes oxidative imbalance resulting in an impairment of the steroidogenic function and reproductive dysfunctions. This study is to investigate the potency of D-ribose-L-cys...

Objective: This study aims at investigating the protective effects of aloe vera gel on aluminum chloride-induced testicular toxicity of adult Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C, and D) with five animals per group. Group A serves as the control group and received distilled water (1ml/Kg)....

Background Solanum melongena (SM) is commonly known as the garden egg fruit or eggplant. It can be eaten fresh or cooked and has a large history of consumption in West Africa. This study focused on interventions of aqueous extract of SM (garden eggs) fruits on Mercury chloride (HgCl2) induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Methods...

Abstract Objective: This study investigated the effects of the ethanolic extract of Garcinia cambogia on ciprofloxacin – induced hepatotoxicity.Method: Twenty one (21) adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups; Group A were given ciprofloxacin only (150 mg/kg b.w), Group B were given ciprofloxacin (150 mg/kg b.w) and extract (400 mg/kg b...

The consumption of nicotine through smoking is a serious public health issue. Nicotine is associated with infertility and the alteration of spermatogenesis and metabolism of male reproductive hormones. Testosterone propionate is a testosterone ester with great potency relative to testosterone. This study was initiated to investigate the protective...

Abstract: Background: Takeda G-protein receptor 5 (TGR5) via glucagon-like peptide release and insulin signaling underlies antidiabetic roles of TGR5 agonists. Chromolaena Odorata-derived flavonoid-5,7-dihydroxy-6-4-dimethoxyflavanone (COF) has been identified as (TGR5) agonist. The structural basis for their interaction has not been studied. Obje...

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the 'Cytoprotective effect of Lawsonia inermis aqueous leaf-extract on aluminium-induced Oxidative stress in Histomorphometric of the Seminiferous tubule and Stereology of Germ Cells of adult male Wistar rats', assessing its effect on the Histomorphometry of the Seminiferous tubule and Stereology of Germ...

Objective: To determine the impact of walnut oil on nitrite-induced testicular toxicity in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Available evidence suggests that walnut oil contains high levels of important unsaturated fatty acids including alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and omega-3; nitrite is a reproductive toxicant that causes the loss of germ cells in the sem...

Cervical incompetence is a frequent cause of inevitable miscarriage in the second trimester, and it is often associated with a poor foetal outcome. Dilatation of the cervix was observed in a 31-year-old pregnant woman with previous preterm delivery. She presented with severe pelvic pains, preterm contractions and amniotic fluid discharge. Emergency...

Introduction: The epididymis is a tube of smooth muscle lined by a pseudostratified epithelium; the duct is lined by smooth muscle and the stroma is made up of connective tissue. Reticulin fibres are fine fibres that contain primarily collagen type III that are secreted by reticular cells and are traditionally thought to be present only in soft blo...

Garcinia cambogia modulates ciprofloxacin-induced testicular histopathology through regulatory effects on the pituitary hormones Résumé Contexte: Garcinia cambogia est une plante avec despropriétés spermatogénesrapportés. La ciprofloxacine est un antibiotique utilisé dans le traitement de diverses infections bactériennes, mais avec des effets toxiq...

Introduction: The epididymis is a tube of smooth muscle lined by a pseudostratified epithelium; the duct is lined by smooth muscle and the stroma is made up of connective tissue. Reticulin fibres are fine fibres that contain primarily collagen type III that are secreted by reticular cells and are traditionally thought to be present only in soft blo...

Background: Garcinia cambogia is a plant with reported spermatogenic properties. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used in the treatment of various bacterial infections but with reported toxic effect on the testes. The modulatory effects of Garcinia cambogia on ciprofloxacin-induced testicular toxicity was evaluated in this study. Method: Twenty (20)...

Variant patterns of peritoneal folds could be formed due to the complex nature of the embryology of the peritoneum and the gastrointestinal tract. When uncommon peritoneal folds are formed, they could influence aberrant formation of surrounding gastrointestinal structures and create spaces that may harbour peritoneal fluids in cases of infection or...

Anomalies of placental growth with respect to its shape have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. A very rare form of ‘H’ bilobate placental partition was observed in a 31-year-old woman presenting at 24 weeks of gestation. This observation was made during a routine obstetrics scan. Sonographic features showed that it was a non-fibroid...

Anomalies of placental growth with respect to its shape have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. A very rare form of ‘H’ bilobate placental partition was observed in a 31-year-old woman presenting at 24 weeks of gestation. This observation was made during a routine obstetrics scan. Sonographic features showed that it was a non-fibroid...

We evaluated the morphological framework of the pes anserinus in both knees of ten Nigerian cadavers and we observed high degree of variability in its morphology and location. The pes anserinus inserted specifically on the superior half of the media border of the tibia, as far inferiorly as 124.44 mm to the tibial tuberosity (prolonged insertion)....

About 1% of pregnancies is in an ectopic location with implantation not occurring inside of the womb, and of these 98% occurs in the Fallopian tubes. However, implantation can also occur in the cervix, ovaries, and abdomen. Ultrasound scan was performed on a 19-year-old nulliparous female at the Ultrasound Unit of Crystal Specialist Hospital, Lagos...

This paper reports a cadaveric case of two unusual peritoneal structures; namely, the gastro-pancreatic and gastro-duodeno-pancreatic ligaments. The gastropancreatic ligament is a broad peritoneal structure that holds the stomach and the pancreas together and has occasionally been reported while gastro-duodeno-pancreatic ligament is our new finding...

Aim: This study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of uterine myoma, its variations, location, size and uterine anteroposterior diameter. Materials and Methods: The study utilized transabdominal ultrasound to assess myoma in 2,575 female patients. Results: Investigation showed 176 cases of myoma, representing a prevalence of 6.83%. 25% of t...

Aim: The use of botanical remedies as adjunct therapies in the management of diabetes mellitus is on the increase. Anacardium occidentale has been reported in the literature to possess anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic properties. This study evaluated the effects of acute treatment of A. occidentale on blood glucose and epididymis histopathology of st...

Gastrocnemius morphological status is often designated as being bipennate. Its robustness in humans is a feature that accompanies the human mode of locomotion. The three-headed variant has often been reported, but paucity of information exists within the Nigerian population as regards gastrocnemius morphological variability. We therefore currently...

Background Flavonoid-rich aqueous fraction of methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx was evaluated for its anti-hepatotoxic activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Methods Diabetes Mellitus was induced in Wistar rats by a single i.p injection of 80 mg/kg b.w. streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 6....

The gastrocnemius muscle forms the belly of calf muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg. This paper reports a four-headed gastrocnemius (named quadriceps gastrocnemius) muscle as a new variant and when present can alter the anatomy and/or the boundaries of the popliteal fossa. The four heads are named as medial, intermedio-medial, intermed...

This study presents the protective effects of methanolic Anacardium occidentale leaf extract (AOLE) on the testes of streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic rats. Forty male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into four experimental groups A,B,C and D. Hyperglycaemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 M STZ (7...

Anacardium occidentale is a plant with reported anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties. The objective of this work was to determine the effects of Anacardium occidentale leaf extract (AOLE) on the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and anti-oxidant enzymes (Glutathione peroxi...

Fibularis tertius is a variant muscle of the leg that inserts in the foot. It has been implicated in providing clues to the evolution of upright posture in man. This work investigates the prevalence of fibularis tertius muscle in the African population, using southwestern Nigeria as a sample population. The percentage prevalence of fibularis tertiu...

Anacardium occidentale is a plant with reported anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties. The objective of this work was to determine the effects of Anacardium occidentale leaf extract (AOLE) on the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydro-genase (G-6-PDH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and anti-oxidant enzymes (Glutathione perox...

Anacardium occidentale is a plant with reported antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. The stem, leave and bark extracts are known to contain saponin, phenolics, flavonoids, vitamins and selenium. Diabetes is a multisystemic disease characterised by defects in insulin secretion or inaction. In this study, forty male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus...

Accessory peritoneal sac and cystoduodenal ligament as peritoneal variations were observed in a cadaver in our laboratory. Slender stomach, thin transverse colon, redundant sigmoid colon, absent ascending colon and doubly distended gall bladder were also reported in the same cadaver. Relevant anatomical and clinical implications are discussed.

This paper reports two cases of cadaveric cystoduodenal ligament in the lesser omentum, different from the commonly known hepatoduodenal and hepatogastric ligaments. Cystoduodenal ligament was occasionally reported and implies a variation in the anatomy of the omental bursa and its foramen. The omental foramen which has been commonly described to p...

Co-artesiane is an artemether-lumefantrine combination therapy that is used in the treatment of malaria. In this work we studied the toxicological effect of this drug with reference to seminal and biochemical parameters of the male reproductive system of wistar rats. Twenty (20) adult male rats were divided into four groups of five rats per group....

This paper studies the effects on plasma nitric oxide and fasting glycemia in neonates from pregnant rats exposed to cigarette smoke and nicotine, postnatally treated and untreated with vitamin C.Fifteen female Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of five rats each. Group A was exposed to cigarette smoke in an ad hoc chamber. Group B received 0.2...

The study investigated the microanatomical effects of the extracts of Cola nitida on the stomach mucosa of adult male Wistar rats. Twenty adult male wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups of A, B, C and D (n = 5). Animals in experimental groups B, C and D were given 600 mg/kg body weight of crude extract of Cola nitida each by ora...

A lot has been reported about variation of palmaris longus muscle in journals and conventional textbooks. The incidence of palmaris longus muscle absence among people of the six geo-political zones of Nigeria was evaluated using 600 subjects. 3.1.25% (187 subjects) lack palmaris longus muscleon either of the forearms. 12.5% (75 subjects) shows unil...

Treculia africana (TA) has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent by the Yoruba people of West Africa. The plant is also known to be a component of an ancient anti-diabetic remedy used in the Western and Middle belt areas of Nigeria. Diabetes mellitus has been associated with testicular dysfunction. This study was conducted to investigate the anti...

We present the first recorded supracondylar and infratubercular processes of humerus among Nigerians of the West African nation. Morphometrical analyses of 40 humeri (20 left and 20 rights) were conducted. One of the humeri possesses the supracondylar spine which measures 1.6 cm and stands at 100° on the anteromedial surface 5.5 cm above the medial...

We encountered a brachial plexus with two cords (Medial & Lateral) and three abnormal communications. The lateral cord sent an abnormal branch to the medial cord as the medial root of median nerve emerged from the latter. A branch from the posterior aspect of the medial cord divided into the radial and axillary nerves. The musculocutaneous nerve se...

Forebrain abnormalities include cases of abnormally large or small brain volume (Megaloencephally and Microencephaly), abnormally formed gyri (agyria and polymicrogyria), abnormal migration of neurons (neuronal heterotopias), incomplete separation of the cerebral hemispheres (Holoprosencephaly) and agenesis of the corpus callosum. During a routine...