Ubirajara Oliveira- PhD in Zoology
- Researcher at Federal University of Minas Gerais
Ubirajara Oliveira
- PhD in Zoology
- Researcher at Federal University of Minas Gerais
About
94
Publications
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Introduction
Works mainly in the areas of Biogeography, geoprocessing and scientific dissemination
Current institution
Additional affiliations
January 2011 - May 2015
February 2011 - present
Publications
Publications (94)
Although Brazil is a megadiverse country and thus a conservation priority, no study has yet quantified conservation gaps in the Brazilian protected areas (PAs) using extensive empirical data. Here, we evaluate the degree of biodiversity protection and knowledge within all the Brazilian PAs through a gap analysis of vertebrate, arthropod and angiosp...
Amazonian rivers are usually suggested as dispersal barriers, limiting biogeographic units. This is evident in a widely accepted Areas of Endemism (AoEs) hypothesis proposed for Amazonian birds. We empirically test this hypothesis based on quantitative analyses of species distribution. We compiled a database of bird species and subspecies distribut...
Aim
The knowledge of biodiversity facets such as species composition, distribution and ecological niche is fundamental for the construction of biogeographic hypotheses and conservation strategies. However, the knowledge on these facets is affected by major shortfalls, which are even more pronounced in the tropics. This study aims to evaluate the ef...
We propose a new approach for identification of areas of endemism, the Geographical Interpolation of Endemism (GIE), based on kernel spatial interpolation. This method differs from others in being independent of grid cells. This new approach is based on estimating the overlap between the distribution of species through a kernel interpolation of cen...
The knowledge on the geographical distribution of species is essential for building biogeographical and macroecological hypotheses. However, information on this regard is not distributed uniformly in space and usually come from biased sampling. The aim of this study is to quantify the influence of spatial distribution of sampling effort on the asse...
Aim
Penguins are seabirds exclusively found in the Southern Hemisphere, with their existence dating back to the late Cretaceous. Despite their exceptional dispersal capabilities, which allow them to inhabit a wide range of environments—from polar regions to temperate zones, and even near the Equator—penguins are absent in the Northern Hemisphere. T...
Deforestation not only contributes to global warming but also induces changes in the regional climates that impact agriculture. Here, we analyse the effects of deforestation-induced climate change on the soy–maize double cropping of the Cerrado biome. Since the 1980s, there has been an average delay of 36 days in the start of the agricultural rainy...
Aim
Sampling bias and gaps have a direct influence on the perceived patterns of biodiversity, hence limiting our ability to make well‐informed decisions about biodiversity conservation. Yet most methods either disregard or underestimate the effects of sampling bias and gaps in modelling biodiversity patterns. Our objective is to test the sensitivit...
Aim
Understanding the factors determining marine community variations is important for biogeography and conservation. Beta diversity is a metric for mapping species composition variations between communities and regionalizing biota. Ecoregions are commonly used for regionalization, but their empirical testing has been limited. Our aim is to map mar...
Aim
Knowledge gaps and sampling bias can lead to underestimations of species richness and distortions in the known distribution of species. The goal of this study is to identify potential gaps and biases in marine organisms sampling at the Western Atlantic Ocean, determine their causes and assess its effect on biodiversity metrics. We tested the po...
Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon (BA) for cattle and soybean production has significant consequences for the various aspects of the climate system. Land surface modifications due to deforestation directly influence surface energy and moisture availability, hence impacting rainfall patterns, air temperature and the onset of the agricultural rai...
Here, we analyze critical changes in environmental law enforcement in the Brazilian Amazon between 2000 and 2020. Based on a dataset of law enforcement indicators, we discuss how these changes explain recent Amazon deforestation dynamics. Our analysis also covers changes in the legal prosecution process and documents a militarization of enforcement...
Data collection by citizen scientists is emerging as an important practice for biodiversity detection, mapping, and compilation of big data in open online platforms such as iNaturalist, acting as a source of biodiversity discovery. However, the validation of species identification is a central issue for the scientific use of these data. Here we com...
Aim
Mining is increasingly pressuring areas of critical importance for biodiversity conservation, such as the Brazilian Amazon. Biodiversity data are limited in the tropics, restricting the scope for risks to be appropriately estimated before mineral licensing decisions are made. As the distributions and range sizes of other taxa differ markedly fr...
Spiders are a common and supposedly well-known group of animals that can be found in a large variety of microhabitats, including human constructions. These organisms represent a highly diversified taxon, with significant ecological and human importance. Although spiders are among the most diversified groups of arthropods, the knowledge regarding th...
Wildfires are aggravating due to climate change. Public policies need territorial intelligence to prevent and promptly fight fires, especially in vast regions like Brazil. To this end, we have developed a fire-spread prediction system for the Brazilian Cerrado, the biome most affected by wildfires in South America. The system automatically uploads...
Established in 2002, the Amazon Protected Areas Program (ARPA) supports 120 Conservation Units (CUs) in the Brazilian Amazon, covering 62 Mha. Here, we quantified the impact of ARPA support on reducing deforestation and CO2 emissions between 2008 and 2020. We started by examining critical methodological choices, often brushed over in the impact eva...
More and more, wildfires are raging in large parts of the world due to a warmer climate, more frequent and severe droughts, and continued land-use changes. In Brazil, the weakening of public environmental policies has further aggravated wildfires with widespread impacts across the country. Here, we investigated the determinants of the impact of fir...
There is a noted lack of information on the effectiveness of investments in forest fire management in Brazil. Here, we quantify the budget expenditures of one private and one public fire-management program. We then compare burned areas within conservation units (CUs) and private rural properties (PPs) with and without investments in fire management...
Background
Despite the broad distribution of several species in Gleicheniaceae in the neotropical region, Diplopterygium is the only genus having a restricted distribution. Species of Gleicheniaceae occupy open (including anthropogenic) habitats and produce large amounts of wind-dispersed propagules – so why does Diplopterygium bancroftii, the only...
Fire events substantially influence biodiversity, carbon cycling, hence climate, human health, and the economy on a global scale. To cope with increasingly widespread fires, we need accurate estimates of the chances of fire occurrence across heterogeneous landscapes. Estimates of risk of fire are fundamental to prevent and fight wildfires. To this...
A Ecologia de Paisagens possui duas diferentes origens. A sua origem mais antiga se deu na Europa, especialmente com base nos trabalhos de Carl Troll (1950), com grande influência da geografia, particularmente da geografia humana, e dos ramos da geografia vinculados ao planejamento regional e ocupação territorial. Mais recentemente, um segundo nasc...
Um esforço colaborativo entre o Instituto Socioambiental e o Centro de Sensoriamento Remoto examina as dimensões geográficas da covid-19 nas Terras Indígenas no Brasil. Este estudo monitora a vulnerabilidade das Terras Indígenas a fim de responder aos possíveis impactos da covid-19. Para isso ele integra dados de vulnerabilidade social, disponibili...
Fire has been a natural feature of the ecosystem for million years. Still, currently fire regimes have been increasingly altered by human activities and climate change, causing economic losses, air pollution, and environmental damage. In Brazil, savannas (locally known as the Cerrado) occupy almost 25% of the area of the country and contain 70% of...
Wildfires, exacerbated by extreme weather events and land use, threaten to change the Amazon from a net carbon sink to a net carbon source. Here, we develop and apply a coupled ecosystem-fire model to quantify how greenhouse gas–driven drying and warming would affect wildfires and associated CO 2 emissions in the southern Brazilian Amazon. Regional...
The campo rupestre is a Neotropical azonal vegetation. Its disjoint distribution and the fact that it is an old climatic buffered infertile landscape (OCBIL) have been associated with the high diversity and endemism observed in this environment. Here, we tested whether a micro-endemic species from campo rupestre shows: (1) limited zygotic gene flow...
Biogeography and macroecology are at the heart of the debate on ecology and evolution. We have developed the BioDinamica package, a suite of user-friendly graphical programs for analysing spatial patterns of biogeography and macroecology. BioDinamica includes analyses of beta-diversity, species richness, endemicity, phylo-diversity, species distrib...
Traditional conservation techniques for mapping highly biodiverse areas assume there to be satisfactory knowledge about the geographic distribution of biodiversity. There are, however, large gaps in biological sampling and hence knowledge shortfalls. This problem is even more pronounced in the tropics. Indeed, the use of only a few taxonomic groups...
Amphibians are sensitive to anthropogenic habitat alterations but also respond to natural drivers of assemblage composition at many levels. Additionally, they are usually hard to detect in field inventories. We used a multiscale approach, from microhabitat to the landscape levels, to try to understand the effects of natural changes, and try to dist...
Number of adult frogs and tadpoles of 32 species recorded in 16 streams at Serra do Cipó, southeastern Brazil, during standardized sampling periods (34 sampling days) in 1998–1999 and 2015–2016.
Eggs and froglets were also recorded during the study, but did not represent new records for any stream, thus are not represented.
(XLSX)
Information on frog specimens in adult and tadpole stages collected during field inventory at Serra do Cipó, Southeastern Brazil.
Museum numbers and corresponding species of all tadpoles and frogs collected during the study are presented.
(XLSX)
Test of spatial autocorrelation for three types of land cover: anthropogenic (A), montane meadow (B), and natural forests (C).
(TIF)
Image classification for 500-m buffers around 16 sampled stream sections (S1 –S16) for the years of 1998 and 2015 showing anthropogenic areas (dark blue), montane meadows (light blue), natural forests (green), clouds (red), and shadows (beige).
Turnover values between time periods are represented at the left of each stream.
(TIF)
Description of studied stream sections regarding immediate riparian vegetation, microhabitat availability for tadpoles, and percent land cover represented by anthropogenic habitats, native forests, and montane meadows.
See methods for details on data acquisition.
(XLSX)
Detectability (p) and occupancy (psi) results for 32 anuran species at 16 streams at Serra do Cipó, southeastern Brazil.
Real detection during six samplings per stream within the rainy season (naive), occupancy and detectability estimates obtained with the software PRESENCE and estimated number of visits necessary for 95% detection probability of a...
In this study, we analysed the processes resulting in the origin of two endemic sister species of bumblebees in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We studied the historical distribution pattern of Bombus bahiensis, which is restricted to small fragments in eastern Brazil and the phylogeographic pattern and historical demography of B. brasiliensis, whic...
The Brazilian Amazon forest is tremendously important for its ecosystem services but attribution of economically measurable
values remains scarce. Mapping these values is essential for designing conservation strategies that suitably combine regional
forest protection with sustainable forest use. We estimate spatially explicit economic values for...
Although still the largest expanse of tropical rainforests in the world, the Amazon is suffering a declining capacity to deliver ecosystem services, to which the widespread use of fire is one of the main contributing factors. Even if fires directly affect the timber sector, most current logging practices often tend to increase rather than mitigate...
O BioDinamica é um conjunto de ferramentas de interface amigável (SEM códigos ou linhas de comando) para análise de padrões espaciais de biodiversidade, biogeografia e macroecologia. No BioDinamica estão disponíveis diversas funções de análise de dados de biodiversidade (modelos de distribuição de espécies, identificação de áreas de endemismo, GDM,...
Apostila completa do curso das ferramentas de análise BioDinamica.
In this paper we use large scale spatially explicit modelling and case study based analyses to assess the links between recreational ecosystem services and the benefits for wellbeing of traditional livelihoods in the Brazilian Amazon. Our results show that, at the scale of the Brazilian Amazon, associations between recreational ecosystem services a...
A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Protected areas (PAs) are essential for biodiversity conservation, but their coverage is considered inefficient for the preservation of all species. Many species are subdivided into evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) and the effectiveness of PAs in protecting them needs to be investigated. We evaluated the usefulness of the Brazilian PAs netwo...
The infraorder Araneomorphae comprises more than nine-tenths of spider diversity, including most of the better known web-weaving spiders. As observed for other taxa, the group is particularly diverse in the Neotropics, where it can be find in any terrestrial ecosystem. In this chapter we synthesize the current taxonomic and biogeographic knowledge...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0mErdoyY-4k Nós precisamos de mais unidades de conservação? (Video) English subtitles
A list of spider species is presented for the Belém Area of Endemism, the most threatened region in the Amazon Basin, comprising portions of eastern State of Pará and western State of Maranhão, Brazil. The data are based both on records from the taxonomic and biodiversity survey literature and on scientific collection databases. A total of 319 iden...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3Yj6A5rOZY Aves, rios da Amazônia e áreas de endemismo: o que novos dados revelam
LINK: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=meyxeAX0kRE
Ilhas Invisíveis de biodiversidade, vídeo de divulgação científica sobre áreas de endemismo e o novo método GIE. LINK DO VÍDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pGTuI4Xqf9w
RESUMO Nós compilamos uma lista de espécies de aranhas registradas no Mato Grosso do Sul (Brasil) a partir da literatura taxonômica e de inventários não publicados. A lista inclui 228 espécies em 134 gêneros e 32 famílias. Apenas cerca de 35% da área do estado apresenta registros de ocorrência de espécies de aranhas, e não mais que 5% apresenta mai...
Video with english subtitles about papper: The strong influence of collection bias on biodiversity knowledge shortfalls of Brazilian terrestrial biodiversity
Este vídeo apresenta as consequências de como coletas biológicas são feitas sobre o nosso conhecimento da Biodiversidade. Este vídeo foi baseado no estudo: The strong influence of collection bias on biodiversity knowledge shortfalls of Brazilian terrestrial biodiversity. LINK DO VÍDEO:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PnjE3GuSxpE link do artigo: http...
http://chc.org.br/minha-casa-e/
http://chc.org.br/1001-utilidades/
link: https://youtu.be/6IVLIMHG_mo
Curso de Biogeografia Integrativa ministrado no III Simpósio de Zoologia Sistemática do ICB-UFMG
link: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLfYeo5cSBc5QjofrpFBDKYfECX3Tlafnr
LINK VÍDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRz4Z2W_PeQ
Tutorial de uso do método de identificação de áreas de endemismo GIE. Esta versão do vídeo está com uma importante correção: o programa de calculo da distância entre o centroide e o ponto mais distante está apresentando alguns problemas. Assim, neste vídeo eu mostro como fazer esse calculo no...
Link do vídeo da defesa: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6o0x6v8Z33I
The Brazilian Caatinga is part of the seasonally dry tropical forests, a vegetation type disjunctly distributed throughout the Neotropics. It has been suggested that during Pleistocene glacial periods these dry forests had a continuous distribution, so that these climatic shifts may have acted as important driving forces of the Caatinga biota diver...
APRESENTAÇÃO
Este livro é produto do esforço coletivo dos pesquisadores das instituições do Nordeste que participaram
ativamente do trabalho de inventário do projeto PPBio Semiárido, assim como de seus estudantes
de Iniciação Científica, Pós-graduandos nos níveis de Mestrado e Doutorado, bolsistas do PPBio e
colaboradores externos de outras institu...
The current biodiversity crisis makes the quantification of the diversity and the description of organism distribution particularly pressing. Biological inventories are among the most effective ways to improve the knowledge about local biota, but they can be very time and money‐consuming. The determination of adequate sampling effort and the select...
In this study we present a database of spiders described and registered from the Neotropical region between 1757 and 2008. Results are focused on the diversity of the group in the State of São Paulo, compared to other Brazilian states. Data was compiled from over 25,000 records, published in scientific papers dealing with Neotropical fauna. These r...
