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Publications
Publications (33)
Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) are widely used in high energy physics. While avalanche mode operation is mandatory in high rate environments (ATLAS and CMS experiments at LHC), streamer mode operation is often preferred in low rate applications because of the high signal amplitude. Typical mixtures for streamer operation are composed of Argon, Tet...
Resistive Plate Chambers with bakelite electrodes are employed in the spectrometers of the OPERA experiment. The RPCs are operated in streamer mode with the gas mixture Ar/C_2H_2F_4/i-C_4H_{10}/SF_6=75.4/20.0/4.0/0.6. The studies performed in order to choose the operating gas mixture have been already published. In this note the results of addition...
The performance needed for the Level-0 trigger of the experiment LHCb translates in very stringent requirements on the quality of the detectors equipping the muon system. In this paper, the test systems adopted at the "Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati" production site for the quality control of the multi-wire proportional chambers for the LHCb muon...
The final analysis of atmospheric neutrino events collected with the MACRO detector is presented. Three different classes of events, generated by neutrinos in different energy ranges, are studied looking at rates, angular distributions and estimated energies. The results are consistent for all the subsamples and indicate a flux deficit that depends...
In the last few years, significant attention has been given to climate changes on a local and global scale. The chemical composition and physical properties of the cryosphere have been and are widely used as indicators of the past climate changes and present environmental transformations. In this field portable γ-ray spectrometers for in situ radio...
A gamma-ray spectrometer based on a Nal(Tl) scintillator crystal coupled with a photomultiplier for measurements on glacier
and snowfields is being developed. The whole instrument (detector+electronics+computer+power supply) will be portable, temperature
controlled and able to work in harsh environmental conditions. One of the main purposes is the...
The aim of GEDI (Gamma Emission in Deep Ice) experiment was the realisation of a portable g-ray spectrometer for in situ radioactivity measurements on glaciers and snowfields. This kind of measurements is very useful in a wide set of environmental studies, in particular during glacial drillings for ice core studies and in pollution monitoring in hi...
The use of an intense XeCl laser provided a unique way to produce large primary ionization in a streamer tube. The response of a proportional tube was also studied as a function of the laser intensity for calibration purposes and to better understand the physical processes involved in the excitation-ionization mechanisms in the gas mixtures. Up to...
Several measurements were performed with a streamer tube on a muon beam in different geometric and operational configurations. The use of a wave form digitizer in recording streamer pulses produced by minimum ionizing particles allowed the discrimination between single and multiple streamer discharges. The rate of occurrence of multi-streamer pulse...
In this paper the design, construction and performance of the lower part of the first supermodule of the MACRO detector is described.
The influence of gas composition on charge distribution and stability of operation of streamer tube chambers with 3 × 3 cm2 cell size has been studied. The possibility of using these chambers without continuous has circulation has blso been investigated in view of their use in large arrays operating in cosmic ray experiments.
We have investigated the use of n-hexane as a quencher in the gas mixtures for streamer tubes. We discuss the advantages of this choice from the point of view of safety.
The performance of a spark counter based on plasticized PVC is described. The relevant features of this detector match the requirements of surface and underground cosmic ray experiments. Its technological characteristics allow large area detector construction.
We present a new design of plastic streamer tubes, optimized to match the experimental requirements of large-area under-ground
detectors, where muon identification is needed with good angular resolution.
Si descrive un nuovo disegno di tubi a streamer in plastica, ottimizzati per le esigenze sperimentali di apparati sotterranei
di grande area, dove...
Making use of electrons extracted by UV photons on aluminum cathodes, the ionization threshold of the streamer mode has been measured, and a fully efficient operation range for single ionization electrons has been found. Operation conditions have been investigated for Ar-isobutane and He-isobutane gas mixtures, and 50 and 100 mum wire diameters.
A new development of Plastic Streamer Tubes is obtained making use of the electrodeless drift chamber idea, This leads to a simplified construction, while performance remains practically unaffected. There are no relevant limitations on operating conditions.
A systematic study on limited streamer tubes 8 × 8 mm2 in cross section has been performed, testing different gas mixtures and cathode materials. A discussion concerning the set of gas mixtures allowing streamer operation is presented. Plastic tubes with graphite cathode are found to exhibit a wider operation range than aluminum tubes.
The basic features of induced pulse detection by strip electrodes outside wire devices with high resisitivity cathode will be discussed, making use of the results of tests and calculations. The dependence on the essential parameters fixing cathode transparency is shown.
Resistive tubes in the limited streamer mode with 1 cm granularity are described. Owing to resistive cathode transparency, both coordinates of a tube layer are readout by two sets of pickup strips. A graded cathode drift chamber with about 100 μm accuracy on both coordinates of the wire plane has been developed. It is again based on resistive catho...
In this paper the design, construction and performance of the lower part of the first supermodule of the MACRO detector is described.
Three synchrotron radiation beam lines have been built on DAΦNE, the Frascati electron-positron accelerator. It is possible to monitor and control all the elements on the beam lines using a modular network distributed I/O system by National Instruments (FieldPoint) with BridgeVIEW/LabVIEW programs. Two of these beam lines have radia-tion safety pro...
