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Publications (31)
Breweries produce an increasing selection of beer and non-beer beverages. Yeast and filamentous fungi may compromise quality and safety of these products in several ways. Recent studies on fungal communities in breweries are scarce and mostly conducted with culture-dependent methods. We explored fungal diversity in the production of alcoholic and n...
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an economically important plant disease. Some Fusarium species produce mycotoxins that cause food safety concerns for both humans and animals. One especially important mycotoxin-producing fungus causing FHB is Fusarium graminearum. However, Fusarium species form a disease complex where different Fusarium species co-occ...
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a potential, sustainable protein alternative. Germination behavior of Vicia faba L. var. minor and Vicia faba L. var. major needs further studies in order to enable larger scale bioprocessing. In this study, early-stage water uptake of two distinct faba bean varieties was assessed by hyperspectral imaging. Nutritional a...
This study aimed to characterize and identify Fusarium fungi associated with barley malt samples showing gushing activity in quality control. The study included six different barley samples from different geographic locations in Europe. Barleys were malted in specially designed, computer- controlled micromalting equipment. Fungal contamination was...
The use of biohydrometallurgical processes may be restricted by microbial inhibition due to inhibiting fluoride originating from the feed material. In this work, phosphorus bioleaching experiments on fluorapatite ore were conducted in a reactor using Fe-and S-oxidizing bacteria, resulting in 56 % leaching yield for P, despite abundant (800 mg l-1)...
Currently known high grade easily-acquirable phosphate rock reserves are depleting. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential application of bioleaching technology to the recovery of phosphorus from different phosphate ore materials, and isolate indigenous phosphorus-solubilising bacterial strains from them. In the bacterial enrichm...
The aim of this study was to enrich phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms from high-phosphorus iron ores, apatite ores and phosphogypsum waste. Phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms can be utilized in dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ores and in phosphorus leaching from fluorapatite ores. Low grade fluorapatite ore (3.6% P, pH 6.8), fluo...
Bioleaching experiments of phosphorus from low grade fluorapatite ore containing 8.2% P2O5 and from fluorapatite concentrate containing 29.8% P2O5 were carried out in shake flasks. Elemental sulphur was supplemented as an energy source for acid generation. Mixed and pure acidophilic bacterial cultures consisting of iron-and/or sulphur-oxidizing bac...
Recovery and re-use of P within hitherto unexploited waste streams may serve to reduce pressure on limited phosphate rock reserves. Since the mid-20th century there has been a dramatic increase in the use of mined phosphate rock for food production. Although economically exploitable quantities of phosphate rock are found in several countries, food...
Fungal infection of barley and malt, particularly by the Fusarium species, is a direct cause of spontaneous overfoaming of beer, referred to as gushing. We have shown previously that small fungal proteins, hydrophobins, act as gushing-inducing factors in beer. The aim of our present study was to isolate and characterize hydrophobins from a gushing-...
Malted barley is a major raw material of beer, as well as distilled spirits and several food products. The production of malt (malting) exploits the biochemical reactions of a natural process, grain germination. In addition to germinating grain, the malting process includes another metabolically active component: a diverse microbial community that...
A Presentation in the Final seminar of the Finnish programme for adapting to climate change in 12.1.2011. This presentation focus on the security of food and food production in future climate.
First International Pichia anomala mini-Symposium. Uppsala, Sweden, 10 - 12 Feb. 2010, 17
VTT Tutkimusraportti VTT-R-2672-10
TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR assays were developed for the accurate detection and quantification of DNA from Fusarium poae and F. graminearum species, which are able to produce trichothecenes. These and other PCR assays were used for the quantification of trichothecene-producing Fusarium fungi in cereal grains. A correlation was found between...
The degradation of organic wastes and the corrosion of metallic wastes and steel containers in low and intermediate level radioactive waste (LLW/ILW) repositories are important processes that affect repository geochemistry and the speciation and transport of radionuclides. Gas is generated in association with these degradation processes and this ha...
Fusarium infection of barley and malt can cause severe problems in the malting and brewing industry. In addition to being potential mycotoxin producers, Fusarium fungi are known to cause beer gushing (spontaneous overfoaming of beer). Cereal-derived bacteria and yeasts are potential biocontrol agents. In this study, the antifungal potential of sele...
Clean indoor air is one of the most important factors for the welfare of the society. To understand and study the complex causality of different factors affecting indoor air quality, a databank and an IAQ-simulator have been developed. Databases have been developed to connect knowledge of material emissions to the indoor air measurement results. Th...
J. Inst. Brew. 113(2), 147–153, 2007 Fungal hydrophobins have been shown to induce gushing of beer. In order to study the occurrence and fate of hydrophobins at different stages of the production chain of beer, barley sam-ples artificially infected in the field with Fusarium culmorum, F. graminearum and F. poae were collected during the growing per...
Mykotoksiinien määriin viljoissa EU:ssa on tulossa uusia enimmäismäärärajoja vuonna 2006. Sallittu enimmäismäärä viljojen deoksinivalenoli (DON) pitoisuudelle tulee olemaan ohrassa ja vehnässä 1250 ppb, kaurassa 1750 ppb ja lastenruuissa 200 ppb. Niinpä teollisuus tarvitsee uusia luotettavia pikamääritysmenetelmiä suuren mykotoksiiniriskin omaavien...
A real-time PCR technique was applied for the quantification of trichothecene-producing Fusarium species (TMTRI assay) as well as the highly toxigenic Fusarium graminearum (TMFg12 assay) present in barley grain and malt. PCR results were compared to the amounts of trichothecenes detected in the
samples to find out if the PCR assays can be used for...
A biogeochemical model that represents processes of metal corrosion, microbial degradation of cellulosic waste and mass transfer within a heterogeneous system has been used to represent processes of gas generation in a large-scale (20m3) experiment that has studied degradation of typical nuclear reactor operating waste. The experiment has been in o...
SUMMARY A Subgroup of the EBC Brewing Science Group evaluated and tested an empirical method for the determination of gushing tendency of malt. Although all the details of the procedure were carefully standardised and the same beer brand sent to all the participants the precision of the method was not acceptable for the inclusion in Analytica-EBC.
In this study, field-grown barley was artificially infected during the heading stage with three Fusarium species, F. culmorum, F. graminearum, and F. poae. The objective was to investigate possible differences among Fusarium species in terms of how severely they affect the quality of barley under Finnish field conditions. Moreover, we studied the e...
J. Inst. Brew. 111(2), 105–111, 2005 Fungal infection of barley and malt, particularly by strains of the genus Fusarium, is known to be a direct cause of beer gushing. We have shown previously that small fungal proteins, hydropho-bins, isolated from strains of the genera Fusarium, Nigrospora and Trichoderma act as gushing factors in beer. A hydroph...
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) that is infested with Fusarium head blight (FHB, ‘scab’) is unsuitable for malting and brewing because it may contain mycotoxins and has unacceptable malting quality. Fungal proteinases are apparently often involved in plant-microbe interactions, where they degrade storage proteins, but very little is known about the enz...
32nd EBC Congress. Hamburg, Germany, 10 - 14 May 2009
