Tughrul Arslan

• PhD.
• Professor (Full) at University of Edinburgh

Tremor is a primary symptom of common movement disorders such as Essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease. People experiencing tremors face difficulty in performing everyday tasks which negatively impacts their independence. Tremor quantification helps clinicians in evaluating disease progression and treatment response. Majority of the existing met...

Researchers have explored multiple Wi-Fi features to estimate user locations in indoor environments in the past decade, such as Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), Channel State Information (CSI), Time of Arrival (TOA), and Angle of Arrive (AoA). Fine Time Measurement (FTM) is a protocol standardized by IEEE 802.11-2016, which can estimate...

A flexible meander line monopole antenna (MMA) is presented in this paper. The antenna can be worn for on-and off-body applications. The overall dimension of the MMA is 37 mm x 50 mm x 2.37 mms, The MMA was manufactured and measured, and the results matched with simulation results. The MMA design shows a bandwidth of up to 1282.4 (450.5) MHz and pr...

A button sensor antenna (BSA) for wireless medical body area networks (WMBAN) is presented, which works through the IEEE 802.11b/g/n standard. Due to strong interaction between the sensor antenna and the body, a new robust system is designed with a small footprint that can serve on- and off-body healthcare applications. The measured and simulated r...

This paper provides an overview of hearing loss effects on neurological function and progressive diseases; and explores the role of cognitive load monitoring to detect dementia. It also investigates the prospects of utilizing hearing aid technology to reverse cognitive decline and delay the onset of dementia, for the old age population. The interre...

A flexible meander line monopole antenna (MMA) is presented in this paper. The antenna can be worn for on-and off-body applications. The overall dimension of the MMA is 37 mm x 50 mm x2.37 mm3. The MMA was manufactured and measured, and the results matched with simulation results. The MMA design shows a bandwidth of up to 1282.4 (450.5) MHz and pro...

A button sensor antenna for wireless medical body area networks (WMBAN) is presented, which works through the IEEE 802.11b/g/n standard. Due to strong interaction between the sensor antenna and the body, an innovative robust system is designed with a small footprint that can serve on- and off-body healthcare applications. The measured and simulated...

Digital Twin (DT) is bringing revolution to our lives by a digital representation of the physical system. DT is the creation of the joint usage of various technologies like Cyber-Physical System (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Edge Computing (EC), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML), etc. DTs are established to optimi...

The smartphone magnetometer has been used in many indoor positioning systems to provide location information, such as orientation, user trajectory construction, and magnetic-field-based fingerprint. However, suffering from magnetic disturbance, magnetometer measurements are vulnerable to interference from metal infrastructures, electrical equipment...

The strong association between hearing loss and cognitive decline has developed into a major health challenge that calls for early detection, diagnosis and prevention. Hearing loss usually results in severe health implications that include loss of mobility, communication problems and cognitive decline. This study provides an overview of the effects...

Alzheimer’s disease is a lifelong progressive neurological disorder. It is associated with high disease management and caregiver costs. Intelligent sensing systems have the capability to provide context-aware adaptive feedback. These can assist Alzheimer’s patients with, continuous monitoring, functional support and timely therapeutic interventions...

The accuracy of smartphone-based positioning systems using WiFi usually suffers from ranging errors caused by non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. Previous research usually exploits several distribution features from a long time series (hundreds of samples) of WiFi received signal strength (RSS) or WiFi round-trip time (RTT) to achieve a high ident...

This paper presents the development of a radar-based microwave head imaging algorithm that is used for detecting strokes, tumors, and other anomalies that form in the brain. The imaging algorithm is based off a previously proposed microwave imaging in space-time algorithm (MIST) that was implemented for breast cancer detection. Simulated data was o...

I. VLSI Systems: A Glance Into The Last Decades Since their inception in 1970s, VLSI systems have enabled several new technological capabilities and made them accessible to an unceasingly wider range of users, reaching a scale that has been exponentially increasing over the decades [1] (see Fig. 1 ). Relentless integration of more complex syste...

Wearable microwave diagnostic systems could pave the way to providing an effective and continuous patient monitoring system in the future. To realise wearable systems for head diagnostics, a novel compact flexible antenna made from flexible textile materials is presented in this paper. The sensing antenna is fed with a microstrip transmission line...

Runtime relocation of circuits on FPGAs has been proposed for achieving many desirable features including fault tolerance, defragmentation and system load balancing. However, the changes in the architectural composition of FPGAs have made relocation more challenging mainly because FPGAs have become more heterogeneous. Previous and state-of-the-art...

This paper presents the design, simulation and analysis of a 5-bit RF MEMS digital variable capacitor using thick SU-8 polymer to achieve both high capacitance ratio (\(\varvec{C}_{\varvec{r}}\)) and Q-factor. The proposed varactor design consists of five capacitive shunt switches loaded over a co-planar waveguide (CPW) line. This results 32 capaci...

Wearable microwave diagnostic systems could transform the medical industry and provide an effective and continuous patient monitoring system in the future. In order to take the step in making this wearable system a reality, a novel compact flexible antenna made from flexible textile materials is presented in this paper. The sensing antenna is fed w...

This study presents a low-cost, compact and lightweight radio frequency (RF) switching system for wearable head imaging applications. The proposed switching system is made from commercial off-the-shelf components. The switching system provides a wideband performance which covers operating frequency band from DC to 4 GHz. A low-power microcontroller...

Abstract: Dynamic Partial Reconfigurable Systems can significantly improve the utilization of hardware by performing multiple tasks on the reconfigurable resources in run-time, whereas the limited reconfigurable resources constraint the number of tasks. To achieve efficient operation of systems, it is crucial to increase the utilization of resource...

In this paper, a wearable antenna array for ultra-wideband (UWB) radar based microwave imaging and diagnosis application is proposed and investigated. This paper describes a wearable antenna array which is constructed by a number of thin-film flexible monopole antennas having 3.8GHz impendence bandwidth covering frequency ranges from 2.8GHz to 6.6G...

Magnetic field-based location fingerprinting techniques are emerging technologies used in indoor navigation which take advantage of magnetic field anomalies. k Nearest Neighbors (kNN) is a general matching algorithm widely used in fingerprint-based indoor positioning systems to estimate the locations of users. However, the standard kNN algorithm al...

The paper describes a method of inkjet-printing a Co-Planar Waveguide (CPW)-fed flexible antenna for the development of a wearable microwave imaging (MWI) device for cancer detection and monitoring. The single side of a monopole antenna is represented as a fractal pattern with customized slots. The antenna is inkjet-printed using a low-cost additiv...

In this paper, a compact and lightweight RF switching system for wearable microwave imaging device is proposed. The switching system provides wideband performance which covers frequency ranges from DC to 8GHz. A low power microcontroller is integrated with the switch to act as a control unit. By using Bluetooth connection, the switching system can...

Traditionally, optical positioning has been an area that attracted significant interest for specialised applications such as robotic navigation. With the recent development and integration of cameras in mobile devices, optical positioning is gaining further interest in indoor positioning applications targeting human navigation. Furthermore, the rel...

It has been shown that local magnetic field (MF) anomalies can be used in accurate global self-localisation with fingerprinting. However, MF anomalies can only affect limited areas, and the low discernibility of received local MF signals may result in many positions having the same MF-Location information in areas far away from disturbances. This i...

This paper presents a low cost microwave system for medical diagnostics and treatment. The system consists of a wirelessly controlled automated data acquisition part using National Instrument (NI) MyRIO board and targets a portable microwave imaging (MWI) applications of the human body using a low cost robotic arm. The setup consists of a pair of V...

This paper introduces a thin film-based wearable ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna implemented over an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) in order to reduce the effect of human body and improve gain and bandwidth characteristics. The proposed AMC is implemented using a low-cost and easily-fabricated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a flexible substrate t...

This paper proposes a new indoor positioning algorithm for Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices, such as mobile phones and tablets. The algorithm integrates an Offset triangulation algorithm and a multi-stage weighted framework. An offset triangulation algorithm was used to provide a general method to locate the user's position. Results are integrate...

He is a member of the Integrated Micro and Nano Systems (IMNS) Institute and leads the embedded and wireless sensor systems group in the University. His current research focuses on enhancing personal mobility and the design of high performance embedded wireless sensors based systems. Professor Arslan was an Associate Editor for the IEEE Transaction...

This paper presents the design and simulation of a 5-bit RF MEMS digital variable capacitor with high capacitance ratio (Cr) of 43 using SU-8 material. The proposed design implements five capacitive shunt switches over a coplanar waveguide (CPW) line. A novel horizontal truss fixed-fixed beam design is proposed to achieve RF power handling up to 2....

This paper presents the design and simulation of a 4-bit digital MEMS varactor with high capacitance ratio. The proposed varactor design consists of four beams over a co-planar waveguide (CPW) line. A new truss beam design is proposed in order to reduce the spring constant of conventional solid beam structure which results in pull-in voltage of 24....

Reducing the power consumption of Network on Chip is a careful trade-off between performance parameters such as speed, power, area and reliability in general. In this paper, various power reduction techniques are proposed, that can significantly reduce power consumption in NoCs. First, node traffic is studied between different cores in NoCs and hig...

This paper presents a linear phased array antenna with beam steering capability designed for WiFi and LTE mobile standards. The proposed antenna array utilizes 4 elements of patch antenna arranged in a flat configuration. The antenna element used in the array exhibits dual band characteristic covering 2 wide frequency bands; 2.35 GHz to 2.8 GHz (lo...

Multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) has a lot of potential in future generations of mobile communications and hence power consumption is important. This paper proposes a pipelined low power architecture for a 64 sub-carrier MC-CDMA receiver. The receiver comprises of two blocks namely the FFT for demodulation of the OFDM signals a...

This article presents a new solution for easing the development of reconfigurable applications using Field-Programable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Namely, our Reliable Reconfigurable Real-Time Operating System (R3TOS) provides OS-like support for partially reconfigurable FPGAs. Unlike related works, R3TOS is founded on the basis of resource reusability an...

An autonomous fault-tolerant system (AFTS) is one that can reconfigure its own resources in the presence of permanent defects and spontaneous random faults occurring in its silicon substrate in order to maintain the original functionality. This capability makes an AFTS especially suitable for use in harsh environments, where traditional electronics...

In this paper, we present a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) that effectively radiates at three frequency bands to extract power from ambient radio waves for energy scavenging. The proposed PIFA has its operation in the wireless communication bands of GSM 900, DCS 1800 and Wi-Fi 2.4GHz, yet it only occupies a small printed area of 20×40 mm2 on the...

A novel design of miniature inverted-F antenna (IFA) with no empty space is proposed for indoor energy scavenging of Wi-Fi signals. The antenna configuration was designed based on planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) with meandered line structure for antenna size miniaturization. The proposed antenna has dimensions of only 8 (L)× 3 (W) × 4 (H) mm to be...

This paper presents a new technique to be used in the context of reconfigurable computing to accelerate the online diagnosis of permanent damage on Xilinx FPGAs using Built-In Self Tests (BISTs). Detecting and locating permanently damaged resources with precision is central to keep the system implemented on the FPGA flawless at all times; i.e. upco...

In fault-tolerant FPGA systems, the internal reconfiguration capabilities supported in modern FPGAs is commonly utilized for enhanced fault mitigation. In such systems, faults in the internal configuration controller can degrade the fault-tolerance of the system and in extreme cases can lead to additional faults injected into the system. In this pa...

Auto white balancing is the process of keeping the color of objects constant automatically under different illumination conditions by calculating a number of parameters from the image data. These parameters are used to change the image pixel values to keep the color constant. This paper discusses the Lam's auto white balance algorithm and presents...

Demosaicing is the process of reconstructing a full color image from incomplete samples generated by typical image sensors. This paper discusses the Adams-Hamilton's demosaicing algorithm and presents a high-performance and cost-effective implementation of the algorithm in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The paper also presents a proposed d...

This brief presents an efficient implementation of JPEG2000 encoding algorithm based on an architecture consisting of a coarse-grained dynamically reconfigurable instruction cell array and an embedded advanced RISC machine core. In this implementation, different tasks within the JPEG2000 encoding algorithm are allocated with proper computational re...

The implementation cost of a phased array antenna is high due to the large number of RF components required in the system. Migrating from the multiport beamforming system to a single-port beamforming system is a promising alternative. In this letter, a novel single-port beamforming algorithm using the pseudo-inverse function is proposed. The signal...

In this paper, an Ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna based microwave imaging transceiver system for cancer detection is presented. The focus is on design, fabrication, testing and de-noising of this system. Initially, the transceiver system, which consists of two UWB Vivaldi antennas, is designed and fabricated, and scattering parameters measured using a...

This paper presents a novel miniaturised microstrip-fed planar monopole antenna with Archimedean spiral slot to cover WiFi, Bluetooth and LTE standards. The base of the proposed antenna is a circular patch that operates in high frequency range, targeting compact circuit dimension. To create a multi-band antenna, Archimedean spiral slots, acting as...

This paper presents a novel bidirectional planar monopole antenna array, with its feeding network, to apply for WiFi/Bluetooth and LTE mobile standards. The planar array is comprised of monopole antenna elements that utilise Archimedean spiral slots, inspired as resonance paths, in order to generate multi-band performance. Contrary to conventional...

In this paper, a single Ultra-wide Band (UWB) antenna based microwave imaging system for breast cancer detection is presented. In contrast to other breast cancer detection systems such as multi-static radar, the system presented here is only based on a single Vivaldi antenna, to collect signals by scanning a cancerous breast phantom. These collecte...

In microwave imaging for brain cancer detection, signals are generally degraded by noise. In this paper, we investigate the use of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) based signal processing to improve the noise performance of an UWB based microwave imaging system for brain cancer detection. To test the noise suppression properties of the DWT, firstly...

This research work demonstrated in this paper is part of a larger project that aims to design high efficiency miniaturized RF energy scavenging system. In this paper, a broadband differential antenna is designed for a full-wave RF energy scavenging system. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed antenna shows a wide bandwidth of 3.48 GHz b...

With a promising future for generation of electricity to power electronics, RF energy scavenging has become a matter of significant interest in recent years. In this paper, a small-size printed planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is designed dedicated for compact mobile RF energy scavenging system to extract power from ambient RF energy. The proposed...

In this paper, the performance of adaptive array antennas conformed to different faceted structures, namely, 2-faceted, 3-faceted, 4-faceted and 8-faceted structures, are studied and compared with each other in the context of adaptive beamforming. Faceted array antennas are chosen because they can achieve a wider scanning range compared to planar a...

A novel miniaturised reconfigurable, switchable feed network for a four elements dual circularly polarised antenna array is proposed. The four feeds are in phase quadrature to give a phase shift of 90º between each neighbouring antenna element, producing a circularly polarised pattern. The feed network consists of three conventional Wilkinson power...

Despite the clear potential of FPGAs to push the current power wall beyond what is possible with general-purpose processors, as well as to meet ever more exigent reliability requirements, the lack of standard tools and interfaces to develop reconfigurable applications limits FPGAs' user base and makes their programming not productive. R3TOS is our...

This paper presents a new adaptive algorithm that aims to control the exploration/exploitation trade-off dynamically. The algorithm is designed based on three-dimensional cellular genetic algorithms (3D-cGAs). In this study, our methodology is based on the change in the global selection pressure induced by dynamic tuning of the local selection rate...

This paper presents a novel miniaturized reconfigurable and switchable feeding network to cover GSM, GPS, 3G, WiFi and global LET standards. The feeding network consists of four conventional Wilkinson power dividers which can be individually reconfigured in length using PIN diodes switches. By controlling the bias voltages of these PIN diodes, the...

Achieving wireless connectivity in ever smaller, lower power portable devices with increasing number of features and better radio-frequency (RF) performance is becoming difficult to fulfill through existing RF front-end technology. RF micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) switch technology, which has significantly better RF characteristics than c...