Trevor Hall

• Medical Professional at Oregon Health & Science University

Despite its growing popularity, the implementation of Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) in standard medical practices remains insufficient. A workshop, featuring role-playing scenarios and individual self-reflection exercises, was developed to enhance compassion among health care providers. The workshop was created by a multidisciplinary team of community...

There are limited reports of neurobehavioral outcomes of children supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). This observational study aims to characterize the long-term (≥1 year) neurobehavioral outcomes, identify risk factors associated with neurobehavioral impairment, and evaluate the trajectory of functional status in pediatric ECM...

Background/Objective: Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) survivors risk significant cognitive morbidity, particularly those with acquired brain injury (ABI) diagnoses. Studies show sedative and analgesic medication may potentiate neurologic injury, but few studies evaluate impact on survivor outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate whether exposure...

OBJECTIVES To present the results of an abbreviated testing protocol used to screen for neurocognitive and psychological sequelae of critical illness among PICU survivors with acquired brain injury in our post-discharge follow-up programs and describe our process for facilitating this population’s return to academic life. DESIGN Retrospective coho...

Study objectives: We aimed to investigate the use of sleep efficiency (SE) as a measure of sleep disturbance in infants and toddlers with ABI and evaluate associations between SE and child health related quality of life (HRQOL) and family outcomes. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 101 children aged 3-36 months who survived critical care fo...

Background and objectives: Children discharged from the PICU often experience long-term physical, psychological, social and cognitive challenges, described as postintensive care syndrome. This study fills a critical gap by describing the long-term pain symptoms many children experience using child self-report. Methods: Participants in this cross...

Background: Over 60,000 children with acquired brain injury (ABI) in the United States require admission to pediatric intensive care units annually. Over 50% suffer sleep-wake disturbances (SWDs) months after discharge. Given the importance of sleep to brain repair, we hypothesized that SWD would be associated with poorer health-related quality of...

Youth admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for traumatic brain injury (TBI) commonly struggle with long-term residual effects in the domains of physical, cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial/family functioning. In the cognitive domain, executive functioning (EF) deficits are often observed. The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executi...

Objective We investigated the clinical utility of the Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning, Third Edition (WRAML3), for use with a pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) population. Method This study is a cross-sectional cohort design comparing performance of youth (ages 5–17) with a history of TBI on the WRAML3 with healthy controls. Twent...

Opioids are commonly used to treat pain in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and many children receive opioid prescription(s) at discharge. The frequency of opioid prescriptions at discharge and associations with individual characteristics and clinical factors are unknown. This study aimed to identify (1) the number of children who receive...

Children and adolescents who survive the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with an acquired brain injury (ABI) often demonstrate a variety of physical, cognitive, emotional/behavioral, and social sequelae termed post-intensive care syndrome (PICS). Social communication and interaction challenges have also been observed clinically, and there is g...

Pediatric critical illness and injury, along with the experience of recovering from critical illness are among the most potentially traumatic experiences for children and their families. Additionally, children often come to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) with pre-existing trauma that may sensitize them to PICU-related distress. Trauma-inf...

Objectives: To identify a PICU Core Outcome Measurement Set (PICU COMS), a set of measures that can be used to evaluate the PICU Core Outcome Set (PICU COS) domains in PICU patients and their families. Design: A modified Delphi consensus process. Setting: Four webinars attended by PICU physicians and nurses, pediatric surgeons, rehabilitation...

Objective: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) survivors are at elevated risk for developing neurocognitive concerns. Lower premorbid abilities, pediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) severity, and post-injury depression symptoms have been shown to predict greater neurocognitive deficits. However, limited extant research has focused on the acute...

Objective: Annually, thousands of youths are admitted to pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and are at increased risk for long-lasting neurocognitive and psychiatric sequelae, referred to as Post Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS). Research shows that youth with PICS strongly benefit from neuropsychological follow-up services; however, high proport...

Study objectives: Sleep disturbances impact over half of older children and teens with acquired brain injury (ABI) following critical care hospitalization, but are under-evaluated in infants and young children. Given the importance of sleep in brain development and healing after injury, we hypothesized sleep disturbances would be associated with w...

Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) survivors experience a collection of physical, cognitive, emotional, and social symptoms named post-intensive care syndrome (PICS). We aimed to quantify PICS morbidities from multiple stakeholder perspectives across domains. Using physician, neuropsychologist, and parent/caregiver-completed outcome measures acro...

Over 50,000 children are hospitalized annually for traumatic brain injury (TBI) and face long-term cognitive morbidity. Over 50% develop sleep/wake disturbances (SWDs) that can affect brain development and healing. We hypothesized SWDs would portend worse executive function outcomes in children aged 3–18 years with TBI 1–3 months after hospital dis...

OBJECTIVES Survivors of the PICU face long-term morbidities across health domains. In this study, we detail active PICU follow-up programs (PFUPs) and identify perceptions and barriers about development and maintenance of PFUPs. METHODS A web link to an adaptive survey was distributed through organizational listservs. Descriptive statistics charac...

Objective We aimed to identify critical issues related to Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) through an integrated model of care whereby children and families participate in follow-up clinics with a neuropsychologist and a critical care physician. To demonstrate the impact of direct assessment, we present pilot program findings on early identifica...

In the midst of concerns for potential neurodevelopmental effects after surgical anesthesia, there is a growing awareness that children who require sedation during critical illness are susceptible to neurologic dysfunctions collectively termed pediatric post-intensive care syndrome, or PICS-p. In contrast to healthy children undergoing elective sur...

Objective The primary purpose of this study is to better understand current practices in the assessment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by neuropsychologists. Methods A 21-item survey regarding ASD assessment beliefs and practices was sent via email through neuropsychology listservs. The survey was accessed by 445 licensed psychologists who iden...

Background Despite one third of children with acquired brain injury (ABI) experiencing new functional impairments following critical care admission, there is limited research investigating the impact of new functional impairments on overall health-related quality of life (HRQOL) or among important HRQOL domains. We aimed to investigate the associat...

Children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) requiring neurocritical care are at risk for neurocognitive, emotional, physical, and psychosocial difficulties, collectively known as Post-Intensive Care Syndrome. Our study assessed parent-reported emotional functioning and identified risk factors for emotional sequelae in the acute recovery phase. Fifty...

Objective: Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) survivors and their families experience ongoing impacts on physical, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning, described as post-intensive care syndrome. The objective of this study was to determine whether the posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) of parents predict the impact of critical illness on fa...

Introduction Annually, over 60,000 children require critical care admission for acquired brain injury (ABI) in the US, and many face long-term cognitive morbidity. Over 50% of these children also develop sleep/wake disturbances (SWD). Given the importance of sleep to brain development and healing after injury, we hypothesized SWD in children after...

Objective Extant literature supports the “Two-Stream Hypothesis” of visual processing including a ventral stream (connecting the occipital lobe to the temporal lobe) and a dorsal stream (connecting the occipital lobe to the parietal lobe), but is not traditionally believed to involve the frontal lobe. Method “Eddie”, a healthy 14-year-old male, su...

Objective An emerging literature has identified that PICU survivors face a host of long-term physical, cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial difficulties that stem from the underlying concern and side effects of critical care intervention. Research shows that executive functioning (EF) is particularly vulnerable to sequelae. This study sought to u...

Objective Children treated in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) often face difficulties with long-term morbidities associated with neurologic injuries and lifesaving PICU interventions termed Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS). In an effort to identify and address critical issues related to PICS, we developed an integrated model of care whe...

Aim To evaluate if autism symptoms and diagnoses are more common in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) than in typically developing children, to which levels, and to determine if co‐occurring attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology accounts for this increase. Method We searched hospital electronic medical records (...

Introduction: There is a significant need to understand the factors that contribute to parents’ consumer preferences for behavioral health services in pediatric primary care; however, no validated measure of such preferences exists. We developed the BIPS (Behavioral Information Preferences Scale), a measure of parents’ preferences for delivery of b...

In recent years, the number of children who survive critical illness has steadily increased. However, lower mortality rates have resulted in a proportional increase in post-Intensive Care morbidity. Critical illness in childhood can affect a child’s development, cognition, and family functioning. The constellation of physical, emotional, cognitive,...

Aim to evaluate if autism symptoms and diagnoses are raised in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), to which levels, and to determine if co-occurring symptomatology accounts for this elevation. Method We interrogated our hospital electronic medical records. We collected parental reports of autism symptomatology, adaptive behavior, and co-...

Lingering morbidities including physical, cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial sequelae, termed the Post-Intensive Care Syndrome, persist years after pediatric neurocritical care (PNCC) hospitalization. Sleep disturbances impact other Post-Intensive Care Syndrome domains and are under-evaluated to date due to a lack of appropriate measurement too...

Objectives: Pediatric neurocritical care (PNCC) outcomes research is scarce. We aimed to expand knowledge about outcomes in PNCC by evaluating death and changes in Functional Status Scale (FSS) from baseline among PNCC diagnoses. Methods: We conducted a 2-year observational study of children aged 0 to 18 years admitted to the ICU with a primary...

Post-traumatic headache is common after pediatric traumatic brain injury and affects thousands of children every year, but little is known about how headache affects recovery after traumatic brain injury in other symptom domains. We aimed to determine the association between headache and other common symptoms after pediatric traumatic brain injury...

Objective: Early childhood parenting interventions are increasingly delivered in primary care, but parental engagement with those interventions is often suboptimal. We sought to better understand parents' preferences for the content and delivery method of behavioral health guidance in pediatric primary care and to determine the relationship of thos...

Purpose of review Children surviving the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with neurologic illness or injury have long-term morbidities in physical, cognitive, emotional, and social functioning termed postintensive care syndrome (PICS). In this article, we review acute and longitudinal management strategies available to combat PICS in children w...

Objective Children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) requiring neurocritical care are at high risk for neurocognitive, emotional, physical, and psychosocial difficulties, collectively known as Post-Intensive Care Syndrome. Our study sought to characterize parent ratings of emotional functioning in the acute recovery phase based upon mechanism of in...

Background: Sleep-wake disturbances are underevaluated among children with acquired brain injury surviving critical care. We aimed to quantify severity, phenotypes, and risk factors for sleep-wake disturbances. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of 78 children aged ≥3 years with acquired brain injury within three months of critical...

Parent-mediated interventions are cost-effective ways to increase access to appropriate treatment services to children with autism spectrum disorder. We aimed to engage parents working as partners within rural autism identification teams to facilitate prompt initiation of autism-specific treatment services and expand the amount of treatment availab...

Background Pediatric critical care survivors often suffer persisting multisystem health problems and are left with treatment needs that go unmet due to limits in current care models. We proposed that integration of neuropsychology into neurocritical care follow-up provides incremental benefit to the identification and treatment of persisting compli...

Critical neurologic disease and injury affect thousands of children annually with survivors suffering high rates of chronic morbidities related directly to the illness and to critical care hospitalization. Postintensive care syndrome (PICS) in patients and families encompasses a variety of morbidities including physical, cognitive, emotional, and p...

Prenatal methamphetamine exposure has become an increasingly pervasive concern, especially in rural-based populations and populations of lower socioeconomic status. While research has begun to highlight the effects of prenatal methamphetamine exposure, the long-term impact of this exposure remains an under-investigated topic. This study attempts to...

Virtual reality technologies allow for controlled simulations of affectively engaging background narratives. These virtual environments offer promise for enhancing emotionally relevant experiences and social interactions. Within this context virtual reality can allow instructors, therapists, neuropsychologists, and service providers to offer safe,...

Virtual environments (VEs) have demonstrated promise as a neuropsychological assessment modality and may be well suited for the evaluation of children suspected of having an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Some recent studies indicate their potential for enhancing reliability, ecologically validity, and sensitivity over traditional neuropsychologic...

Objective: Research has uncovered potential links between lipid and sterol metabolism and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We worked to characterize genetic sequence variants in lipid/sterol related genes in children affected with ASD to investigate the association between lipid/sterol gene sequence variation and neurodevelopmental phenotype that co...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts communicative interactions, with patterns of repetitive and restricted behaviors, interests, and cognitive rigidity. Recent incidence rate estimates for ASD are 1 in 68, and primarily male (4:1). A major epidemiological issue in ASD is transitioning to independence in adul...

Although children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are thought to experience sleep problems at a much higher rate than typically developing peers, the relationship between sleep disturbance and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) has not been explored within this pediatric population. Further, little is understood about the HRQoL of children...

The aim of this study was to determine the conceptual framework, item pool, and psychometric properties of a new function-neutral measure of health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL). This is an expert panel review of existing measures of HRQOL and development of a conceptual model, core constructs, and item pool and a validation by experts in specifi...

This paper examines health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children age 6–11 years with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using the Child Health and Illness Profile – Child Edition (CHIP–CE). We further examine associations of HRQoL scores with measures of behavior using regression models. Overall HRQoL scores are lower than those for normative...

Although it is well known that families of children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at risk for increased stress and other problems, little is known about what child characteristics may mediate that risk. To address the impact of child behavior problems on family health, we examined data collected from 136 families raising children with...

Purpose: Assess extent to which generic Quality of Life (QOL) and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) scales include function in assessment of health, and identify health assessment items that are free of functional content. Methods: An expert panel on measurement of health and disability reached consensus on definitions of health, disability...

We examined data collected as a part of the Autism Treatment Network, a group of 15 autism centers across the United States and Canada. Mean Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) scores of the 286 children assessed were significantly lower than those of healthy populations (according to published norms). When compared to normative data from childr...

To determine whether Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) items show differential item functioning among healthy adults with various types of functional limitations as compared with a healthy sample with no identified limitations. Survey responses were analyzed by using partial correlations. General community. Participant...

This study evaluated the clinical utility of the Stanford-Binet-5 (SB-5) in assessing individuals suspected of having an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Comparisons were made between individuals with and without autism (AD), with or without comorbid mental retardation. Differences in score profiles were discovered based on AD and mental retardation...

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important indicator of public health. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) includes nine HRQOL items that can be used to monitor the health status of the nation. The objective of this study was to examine the numerical relationships a...

Behavior checklists are often utilized to screen for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) when comprehensive evaluations are unfeasible. The usefulness of two behavioral checklists, the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), in identifying ASDs was investigated among 109 children with Autism, 32 children with ASD, and 5...

Communication impairment is a defining feature of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Little research attention has been devoted to establishing standardized methods for defining and identifying language impairment in children with known or suspected ASD. The present study examines the feasibility and utility of the Oral and Written Language Scales (O...

Abstract. Vita. Thesis (Psy. D.)--George Fox University, 2004. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-95).