Toni Carrell

Ships of Discovery

The National Park Service (NPS) American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) was created to assist individuals, groups, organizations, and governments with researching, evaluating, interpreting, and protecting historic American battlefields. Battlefield sites hold national significance and are preserved so that present and future generations can...

Synthesis and overview of the maritime history of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). It provides a maritime historical and archaeological context for all maritime related activities (prehistory to the modern era). In addition to watercraft, it includes traditional fishing sites, caves, whaling stations, dumpsites, and other lo...

The focus of the project is the WWII battle for the island of Peleliu and the scattered material remains present in the submerged battlefield. The goal was to locate and photogrammetrically record sites, characterize coral growth and impacts, and to examine the reef substrate and its coral communities to determine if the scars from U.S. military bl...

The focus of this project was the World War II (WWII) Battle of Peleliu that began on September 12, 1944. The project was limited to the Peleliu invasion beaches to approximately 30 meters (100 ft.) inland. Seaward, it included the lagoon, the reef, and the immediate area just beyond the reef. This was the first effort to study the Peleliu WWII inv...

The following is an interim report offering a broad overview of (1) the fieldwork strategy employed during the archaeological exploration of Ft. George and its results, (2) observations on the nature and rates of erosion and deterioration on the cay, and (3) recommendations for future action. The most immediate concerns of the Ft. George stakeholde...

Public outreach and education are necessary components for the long-term protection of cultural heritage. Most often, this outreach takes the form of brochures, posters, and similar printed materials, visitor days, websites, and even heritage trails. However, the impact of these strategies is narrow and of limited duration. In order to proactively...

Battlefields have been the object of fascination for millions of tourists and the subjects of elaborate interpretation projects. This volume will outline the process and results of developing the WWII Maritime Heritage Trail: Battle of Saipan Project. This book will provide examples of how a group of archaeologists, managers and a community took a...

An historical and archaeological overview of the submerged cultural history of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands from pre-contact through WWII. The research includes both archival research and underwater archaeological site investigations.

Seen from the vastness of space, Earth is a pale blue planet with high white clouds and water covering nearly three-quarters of its surface. Global civilizations emerged on the margins of its vast seas. Watercraft allowed humankind to explore the earth and played a major part in the rise and fall of great empires. Underwater archaeological sites re...

Using the Hubbert Model, this essay seeks to answer the question of how much of the world's store of underwater cultural resources, primarily shipwrecks, has been exploited and how much is left.

For the 2006 Search for the slave ship Trouvadore the work force was split into four teams to tackle all four of the season's objectives simultaneously: to film every aspect of the project in high-definition video; to complete a magnetometer survey of the search area; to complete the visual tow-board survey begun in 2004; and to test excavate the B...

No abstract

Two stories are told simultaneously: one that may have been, and one that yet might be. The story of the voyage that might have been is based on archaeological evidence provided by the earliest shipwreck discovered in the New World. These two stories are set in different eras to demonstrate certain constants in the human drive to explore the unknow...

The construction or replication of objects, assemblies, or processes, and their subsequent testing are the next steps in any complete exercise in anthropological archaeology. This has been called “experimental archaeology,” because it allows testing of conclusions reached through normal avenues of research, fine-tunes these conclusions, or determin...

A compilation of 35 papers presented during the 1992 Society for Historical Archaeology Conference

An overview of the submerged cultural heritage sites of Micronesia from pre-contact through WWII. The report includes information gleaned from archival research and underwater archaeological documentation.

A special report on Ships of Discovery's systematic search for Columbus' caravel Gallega, abandoned in 1503 at the mouth of Rio Belen, Panama, during his fourth and last voyage to the New World.

Historical research, geomorphological reconstruction, test excavation, and remote sensing are being applied to the search for the caravel Gallega and the outpost Santa Maria de Belen abandoned by Christopher Columbus in 1503. Comparison of modern geographical features with descriptions contained in historical documents identified Río Belén, Panama,...