Tomohiro Okadera

• Ph.D.
• Senior Researcher at National Institute for Environmental Studies

China has faced serious water problems as a result of economic growth and some development projects and it is widely thought that integrated management, including socio-economic factors in each basin unit, is effective. Hence, the target of this paper is to evaluate the structures of water demand and water pollutant discharge with socio-economic ac...

Water and energy are both important resources that are inextricably and reciprocally linked. Indeed, energy production requires a lot of water (e.g., cooling water at power plants), and numerous studies have investigated the water footprint of energy production (WFEP). However, energy is typically supplied to domestic consumers by both domestic and...

It is predicted that energy requirements in developing countries will increase global water consumption as a result of implementation of new power generation systems, and to population growth of the middle classes. Thus, it is anticipated that increased regional energy consumption will likely increase global water scarcity as a result of the conseq...

Water-related problems are currently second only to energy issues as threats to human society. North China is a region that is facing severe water scarcity problems. In order to provide appropriate water mitigation policies a regional study is completed. Under this circumstance, Liaoning Province, a typical heavy industrial province in north China...

This study aims to investigate the major challenges and countermeasures concerning the environmental health of the Yoshinogawa River in Japan. Through field surveys and literature reviews, we identified several positive aspects, including dedicated efforts to maintain water quality, manage river facilities, protect the natural ecosystem, and use da...

Abstract Mongolia's vast grasslands, crucial for both environmental and economic stability, are currently facing challenges due to overgrazing, climate change, and land-use changes. Understanding and effectively managing their Carrying Capacity (CC) and Relative Stocking Density (RSD) is essential for maintaining ecological balance. This study rigo...

Driven by global warming, permafrost degradation has significant implications for the global climate system, especially in its potential to alter the carbon budget and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. This study seeks to clarify the nexus between permafrost degradation and carbon budget dynamics in Mongolian grassland ecosystems. Permafrost...

Abstract In Mongolia, overuse and degradation of groundwater is a serious issue. The authors have recently applied a process-based eco-hydrology model, NICE (National Integrated Catchment-based Eco-hydrology) to urban and mining hubs to explicitly quantify spatio-temporal variations in water availability. In this study, NICE was scaled up to the to...

https://nies.academia.edu/Wang_QX

Although many studies have found that global warming has caused permafrost to thaw, we still lack understanding of the mechanism relating permafrost thawing and ecosystem carbon budgets. To compare the effects of freeze–thaw cycles on the grassland ecosystem carbon budget between a permafrost area (PA) and a non-permafrost area (NPA), we establishe...

To detect the response of permafrost to climate change in various terrestrial ecosystems , we established a permafrost monitoring network in 2007, which includes eight boreholes to monitor ground temperatures in forest, meadow, steppe, moderately dry steppe, and wetland ecosystems and three Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) to monitor climatic facto...

In Mongolia, overuse and degradation of groundwater is a serious issue, mainly in the urban and economic hub in Ulaanbaatar, and the Southern Gobi mining hub. The authors have recently applied a process-based eco-hydrology model, NICE (National Integrated Catchment-based Eco-hydrology) to these two contrasting river basins in order to explicitly qu...

In Mongolia, overuse and degradation of groundwater is a serious issue, mainly in the urban and economic hub, Ulaanbaatar, and the Southern Gobi mining hub. In order to explicitly quantify spatio-temporal variations in water availability, a process-based eco-hydrology model, NICE (National Integrated Catchment-based Eco-hydrology), was applied to t...

This study aims to assess the impacts of both climate change and anthropogenic disturbances such as mining development and urbanization on pasture grazing capacity and its vulnerability in arid and semi-arid regions. To achieve the purpose, we have developed an integrated model to evaluate the pasture grazing capacity (GC), grazing pressure (GP) an...

Urban population, it is predicted that, will reach at 5 billion by 2030 and 95% of urban expansion in the next decades will take place in developing countries. In addition, it is indicated that rapid urbanization brings pressures on freshwater supply and sewage treatment. Then sustainable development goal 6 shows 8 targets to ensure availability an...

In this study, a pilot-scale down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor was operated in the community plant of Bangkok for the treatment of domestic wastewater (COD 285 mg/L, BOD 105 mg/L) collected by separate sewer to evaluate the reactor’s feasibility as a decentralized treatment system. The DHS reactor was operated for 600 days at ambient temperatu...

Arid and semi-arid regions cover 41% of the global land area and 2 billion people,90% of which belong to developing countries, live there. Variation in precipitation due to climate change brings big, large influences on ground and underground water resources, and especially it is predicted that arid and semi-arid regions are getting drier. Therefor...

Thermoelectric power plants in inland regions use primarily riverine water for cooling. The future availability of riverine water will be affected by climatic change. Power generation is expected to grow throughout the 21st century, accompanied by growth in cooling water demand. We estimated cooling water sufficiency globally under the Shared Socio...

This study assesses the performance of an aerobic trickling filter, down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor, as a decentralized domestic wastewater treatment technology. Also, the characteristic eukaryotic community structure in DHS reactor was investigated. Long-term operation of a DHS reactor for direct treatment of domestic wastewater (COD = 150–...

The process performance of a down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor for treating low strength sewage (biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 20–50 mg/L) was investigated in Bangkok, Thailand. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) was set at 4 h during the start-up period and was reduced to 1.5 h in a stepwise manner. Throughout the 300-day operational period...

Recently, researchers have applied the multi-regional input–output (MRIO) approach to water footprint (WF) analysis. The concept of interregional input–output (R-MRIO) was developed to analyse regional issues. Researchers have concentrated on the development of global or international input–output (N-MRIO) tables. Using the N-MRIO and the R-MRIO ap...

A pilot-scale experiment of a down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor for treatment of low-strength municipal wastewater was conducted over 1 year in Bangkok, Thailand, to establish an appropriate method for treatment under tropical climate conditions. Municipal wastewater with an average BOD of 19 mg/L was fed directly into the DHS reactor. Superio...

Because water and air are basic resources for economic development, deciding how to consume these resources is an urgent issue for sustained economic growth. Since water resources are spatially concentrated in some regions of China, in this paper, we verify whether a balanced environmental burden can be achieved through interregional trade. To this...

Climate warming has caused the degradation of the permafrost in Mongolia, which has considered accelerating reduction of water resources and put a negative effect on terrestrial ecosystems and pastoral productivity. Policies and processes to mitigate for these effects are urgently required. In response to these requirements, a policy contribution-o...

This paper focuses on carbon footprints of steel production in China. Following the enforcement of the Kyoto Protocol in 2005, China has promoted energy efficient technological renovation in existing industrial zones as well as by the construction of new environmentally-friendly industrial zones. On the contrary, geographical fragmentation of produ...

本研究は流域管理への適用可能な環境負荷排出インベントリーシステムの開発を目的に, 流域内外での流通活動の影響が評価可能なマクロインベントリーシステムと, 環境負荷の分布特性が把握可能な分布型インベントリーシステムを構築し, 東京湾流域の水需要に対して適用した. その結果, 東京湾流域では, 鉄鋼業, 化学工業などが多い沿岸地域での水需要量が多く, 6～7割は流域外での消費活動に誘発される構造にあることが明らかとなった. 一方, 東京都の水需要量は少ないが, 東京都での消費活動により東京湾流域で約35億m3の水需要が東京都以外の地域で誘発されるという結論が得られた. また水需要分布は, 部門ごとに分布の形態や強度が異なることが示された.

本研究は東アジアにおける急激な工業化に伴う資源・エネルギー消費による社会経済的影響を環境面に拡張された産業連関分析により評価し, 持続可能な産業構造転換への提言を行うことを主目的としている。まず中国の地域傾斜的な経済施策と地域環境問題について述べ, 次いで経済開放区を下流に抱える長江流域及び珠江流域を対象地域として, 地域間産業連関分析の手法を用いて地域産業間の財・サービスの移動に伴う環境負荷 (NOx) の誘溌構造を明確にする。最後に環境効率改善型施策導入による効果を線形計画モデルにより評価する.その結果, 長江流域では流域内での産業連携を推し進める必要性が示唆されたのに対し, 珠江流域では外部依存型の産業構造からの脱却の必要性が示された。

This study attempts to evaluate socio-economical impacts due to consumption of resources and energy with rapid industrialization in East Asia by means of Environmental Accounting System and to discuss about sustainable industrial transformation. Firstly, this paper reviews the unbalance growth between regions In China and regional environmental pro...

This study attempts to evaluate socio-economical impacts due to consumption of resources and energy with rapid industrialzation in East Asia by means of Environmental Accounting System and to discuss about sustainable industrial transformation. Firstly, we highlighten the basin of Chang Jiang and Pearl River with Open Economic Zones in Coastal Delt...

In this study, a regional inventory model based on an inter-regional input-output analysis model was developed that described water demand and water pollutant discharge, including the effects of hidden flows. This model is based on the regional model for the city of Chongqing (Okadera et al., 2006), and then applied to the Yangtze River and China,...