Tom Heath

• Service Lead for Data Analytics at Arup

The 10th Linked Data on the Web workshop (LDOW2017) was held in Perth, Western Australia on April 3, 2017, co-located with the 26th International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2017). In its 10th anniversary edition, the LDOW workshop aims to stimulate discussion and further research into the challenges of publishing, consuming, and integrating stru...

The ninth workshop on Linked Data (LDOW2016) on the Web is held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada on April 12, 2016 and co-located with the 25rd International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2016). The Web is developing from a medium for publishing textual documents into a medium for sharing structured data. This trend is fueled on the one hand by the adop...

This paper presents a brief summary of the eight workshop on Linked Data on the Web. The LDOW 2013 workshop is held in conjunction with the World Wide Web conference 2013. The focus is on data publishing, integration and consumption using RDF and other semantic representation formalisms and technologies.

The rapidly growing commercial interest in Linked Data raises the prospect of “Linked Data spam”, which we define as “deliberately misleading information (data and links) published as Linked Data, with the goal of creating financial gain for the publisher”. Compared to conventional technologies affected by spamming, e.g. email and blogs, spammers t...

The emergence of a Web of Linked Data [2] enables new forms of application that require expressive query access, for which mature, Web-scale information retrieval techniques may not be suited. Rather than attempting to deliver expressive query capabilities at Web-scale, we propose the use of smaller, pre-populated data caches whose contents are per...

The emergence of a Web of Data enables new forms of application that require expressive query access, for which mature, Web-scale information retrieval techniques may not be suited. Rather than attempting to deliver expressive query capabilities at Web-scale, this paper proposes the use of smaller, pre-populated data caches whose contents are perso...

This paper introduces the notion of the education graph, a conceptual representation of the resources and intercon-nections at the heart of the learning process. We present our latest work on the Talis Aspire family of products that, through the use of Linked Data principles and technologies, enables the assembly and application of a rich education...

History is full of examples of networks whose emergence has been both the cause and effect of fundamental changes in technology and society. The need to exchange and integrate data, coupled with the availability of the Web as a generic infrastructure, has led to the emergence of a new network of linked data.

Given the influence of geography on our lives, it is of little surprise that this dimension runs through many of the data sets available on the Web as Linked Data, and plays a crucial ongoing role in many attempts to visualise and build applications upon these. The importance of opening access to governmental data resources is increasingly recognis...

Urban environments are brimming with information sources, yet these are typically disconnected from related information on the Web. Addressing this disconnect requires an infrastructure able to disseminate information to a specific micro-location, to be consumed by interested parties. This paper proposes Aladdin, an infrastructure for highly locali...

The Web has developed into a global information space consisting not just of linked documents, but also of Linked Data. In 2010, we have seen significant growth in the size of the Web of Data, as well as in the number of communities contributing to its creation. In addition to publishing and interlinking datasets, there is intensive work on develop...

The World Wide Web has enabled the creation of a global information space comprising linked documents. As the Web becomes ever more enmeshed with our daily lives, there is a growing desire for direct access to raw data not currently available on the Web or bound up in hypertext documents. Linked Data provides a publishing paradigm in which not only...

This book has introduced the concept and basic principles of Linked Data, along with overviews of supporting technologies such as URIs, HTTP, and RDF. Collectively, these technologies and principles enable a style of publishing that weaves data into the very fabric of the Web - a unique characteristic that exposes Linked Data to the rigorous and bo...

A significant number of individuals and organisations have adopted Linked Data as a way to publish their data, not just placing it on the Web but using Linked Data to ground it in the Web [80]. The result is a global data space we call the Web of Data [30]. The Web of Data forms a giant global graph [17] consisting of billions of RDF statements fro...

All data that is published on the Web, according to the Linked Data principles becomes part of a single, global data space. This chapter will discuss how applications use this Web of Data. In general, applications are built to exploit the following properties of the Linked Data architecture: 1. Standardized Data Representation and Access. Integrati...

So far this book has introduced the basic principles of Linked Data (Chapter 2) and given an overview of how these principles are being applied to the publication of data from a wide variety of domains (Chapter 3). This chapter will discuss the primary design considerations that must be taken into account when preparing data to be published as Link...

The term Linked Data refers to a set of best practices for publishing and interlinking structured data on the Web. These best practices were introduced by Tim Berners-Lee in his Web architecture note Linked Data [16] and have become known as the Linked Data principles. These principles are the following: 1. Use URIs as names for things. 2. Use HTTP...

This chapter will examine various common patterns for publishing Linked Data, which demonstrate how Linked Data complements rather than replaces existing data management infrastructures. Following this conceptual overview, the chapter introduces a series of recipes for publishing Linked Data on the Web that build on the design considerations outlin...

Recent innovations in the Social and Semantic Web fields have resulted in large amounts of data created, published and consumed by users of the Web. This vast amount of data exists in a variety of formats, from the traditional ones such as text, image, video to the more recent additions such as streams of status information from Twitter and Faceboo...

Whilst the tasks users perform online are often complex and wide-ranging, the tools currently available may not adequately support them. Attempts to classify user behaviors online have tended to focus on the medium of the web, where searching and browsing are seen as the primary modes of interaction. This paper introduces a comprehensive user-orien...

The term "Linked Data" refers to a set of best practices for publishing and connecting structured data on the Web. These best practices have been adopted by an increasing number of data providers over the last three years, leading to the creation of a global data space containing billions of assertions-the Web of Data. In this article, the authors...

Recent developments in the Social and Semantic Web fields have resulted in large amounts of data created, published and consumed by users of the Web. The ability to easily integrate such vast amounts of data raises significant and exciting research challenges, not least of which how to provide effective access to and navigation across heterogeneous...

The term Linked Data refers to a set of best practices for publishing and connecting structured data on the Web. These best practices have been adopted by an increasing number of data providers over the last three years, leading to the creation of a global data space containing billions of assertions-the Web of Data. In this article we present the...

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2009, held in Chantilly, VA, USA, during October 25-29, 2009. The volume contains 43 revised full research papers selected from a total of 250 submissions; 15 papers out of 59 submissions to the semantic Web in-use track, and 7 papers and 12 poster...

Revyu is a live, publicly accessible reviewing and rating Web site, designed to be usable by humans whilst transparently generating machine-readable RDF metadata for the Semantic Web, based on user input. The site uses Semantic Web specifications such as RDF and SPARQL, and the latest Linked Data best practices to create a major node in a potential...

The Web is currently evolving from an information space of linked documents, to a Web of linked, machine-readable data. Perhaps counter-intuitively, this shift to publishing data for machine consumption raises many challenges for human-computer interaction. In this article I will discuss some of the implications of this trend for how we interact wi...

In the context of the semantic Web, notions of collaboration, interoperability, and reuse are intrinsically interrelated: interoperability implies reuse, which in turn is a form of collaboration. If we adopt this viewpoint, the semantic Web becomes essentially a medium for knowledge exchange, in which the knowledge produced by one agent is consumed...

The Web is increasingly understood as a global information space consisting not just of linked documents, but also of Linked Data. More than just a vision, the resulting Web of Data has been brought into being by the maturing of the Semantic Web technology stack, and by the publication of an increasing number of data sets according to the principle...

The Web is increasingly understood as a global information space consisting not just of linked documents, but also of Linked Data. More than just a vision, the resulting Web of Data has been brought into being by the maturing of the Semantic Web technology stack, and by the publication of an increasing number of data sets according to the principle...

Web2.0 has enabled contributions to the Web on an unprecedented scale, through simple interfaces that provide engaging interactions. This wealth of data has spawned countless mashups that integrate heterogenous information, but using techniques that will not scale beyond a handful of sources. In contrast, the Semantic Web provides the key to large-...

The availability of linked RDF data remains a significant barrier to the realisation of a Semantic Web. In this paper we present Spar-qPlug, an approach that uses the SPARQL query language and the HTML Document Object Model to convert legacy HTML data sets into RDF. This framework improves upon existing approaches in a number of ways. For example,...

Revyu.com is a live, publicly accessible reviewing and rating Web site, designed to be usable by humans whilst transparently generating machine-readable RDF metadata for the Semantic Web, based on their input. The site uses Semantic Web specifications such as RDF and SPARQL, and the latest Linked Data best practices to create a major node in a pote...

The SIOC (Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities) Core Ontology provides the main concepts and properties required to describe information from online communities (e.g., message boards, wikis, weblogs, etc.) on the Semantic Web. This document contains a detailed description of the SIOC Core Ontology.

Semantic Web conferences such as ESWC and ISWC offer prime opportunities to test and showcase semantic technologies. Conference metadata about people, papers and talks is diverse in nature and neither too small to be uninteresting or too big to be unmanageable. Many metadata-related challenges that may arise in the Semantic Web at large are also pr...

In this paper we describe an emerging form of wikis - wikis of locality – that support physical rather than virtual communities. We draw on our experience as administrators of the Open Guide to Milton Keynes, one of the Open Guides family of community developed local information guides built using wiki software, and present observations of the pote...

Adoption of semantic web technologies and principles presents an opportunity to change the conceptual model of desktop computing. Moving from a traditional position where the desktop is largely tied to a specific computational device, a semantic desktop could exist as a broad, networked space defined relative to the user. In this position paper we...

Social networks can serve as both a rich source of new information and as a filter to identify the information most relevant to our specific needs. In this paper we present a methodology and algorithms that, by exploiting existing Semantic Web and Web2.0 data sources, help individuals identify who in their social network knows what, and who is the...

The Web is increasingly understood as a global information space consisting not just of linked documents, but also of Linked Data. The Linked Data principles provide a basis for realizing this Web of Data, or Semantic Web. Since early 2007 numerous data sets have been published on the Web according to these principles, in domains as broad as music,...

Online recommender systems and review sites do not currently reflect how people seek information using social networks of people they know. Developing systems that overcome this limitation requires studies of how people choose sources for recommendations and assess their trustworthiness. This paper presents the findings of such a study and discusse...

In this paper we make a case for the role of user context information in supporting task performance online, examine previous attempts at representing and making use of user context factors, and highlight the limitations of existing tools and services. We then suggest how the emergent Semantic Web might be able to better facilitate the capture of k...

Information communication technologies (ICTs) enable the development of memories across a variety of communities. We identify a spectrum of deployment from private through to open public spaces. As we move along this spectrum key variables change including mechanisms of trust and accountability and the definition of ownership, authorship and reader...

The Semantic Web community could benefit greatly from ‘eating its own dog food’ in order to better understand the challenges and opportunities of a Semantic Web from the user perspective. In this paper we describe the deployment of Semantic Web applications and services at the 3rd European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC2006), before presenting resul...

We present a system for creating online reviews and ratings, based on Semantic Web technologies. This approach overcomes many of the limitations of conventional reviewing and rating systems on the web, such as: a closed world in terms of what can be reviewed, poor integration with reviews or data from other sources, and the inability to aggregate r...

Personalization efforts to date have centred on presenting web users with novel items by predicting what they may find relevant. This approach has utility where the user is unsure of exactly what they are looking for, but not where they have a particular information need to satisfy or a particular item to locate. Furthermore, by operating purely on...