TJ Abraham

• Ph D
• Professor (Full) at West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences

The aquaculture industry urgently requires effective bacterial disease management strategies, necessitating better regulation of antibiotic application. This study investigated the effects of oral oxolinic acid (OA) administration on Oreochromis niloticus at the recommended dose of 12 mg (1 ×) and overdose of 36 mg (3 ×)/kg biomass/day for 7 consec...

Streptococcosis is considered one of the most important diseases affecting farmed tilapia, causing severe economic losses. Antimicrobial therapy is the principal control measure applied during outbreaks. This research assessed the efficacy of florfenicol (FFC) when fed at 15 mg kg biomass–1day–1for 10 days against Streptococcus agalactiaeinfection...

Biosecurity is a holistic and strategic concept that encompasses the frameworks, policies, and regulations aimed at analyzing and managing risks related to food safety, public health, animal and plant life and health, as well as associated environmental risks. The complex link between biosecurity measures and disease control in aquaculture is discu...

Antiparasitic drugs are vital for eliminating infectious fish parasites in aquaculture. However, medications used to control parasites can disrupt the physiological and biochemical processes of fish. This study explored the safety margin of administering emamectin benzoate (EB) at graded doses—0, 50, 125, 250, 375, and 500 μg/kg biomass/day—for 14...

Aquaculture urgently needs improved bacterial disease management, highlighting the importance of regulating antibiotic usage. This study investigated the effects of dietary enrofloxacin (ENF) on Oreochromis niloticus at 10 mg (1×) and 30 mg (3×)/kg biomass/day for 5 days in comparison to the control. The genotoxic effects of ENF were gauged using t...

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in nutrient assimilation and metabolic processes, and disturbances in the gut microbiota have been linked with several disease conditions in human and lower vertebrates. Here we examined the effect of oral administration of florfenicol, an antibiotic approved for aquaculture use in several countries, on diges...

Oxytetracycline (OTC), an approved antibiotic for aquaculture, is under strict control and regulatory endeavour. This study compared the effects of oral administration of graded doses of OTC comprising the therapeutic (80 mg/kg biomass/day), subtherapeutic (40 mg) and overdoses (240, 400 and 800 mg) in male Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fries...

Aeromonas hydrophila infection is one of the key factors limiting tilapia production, and antibiotics play important roles in the control of diseases. This study evaluated the effectiveness of florfenicol (FFC) when administered orally at the therapeutic dose of 15 mg/kg fish biomass/day for 10 days against A. hydrophila infection in Oreochromis ni...

Background Aquaculture systems that sporadically depend on antibiotics can contribute to the development of adverse effects on the fish, microbial flora and the environment. This study sought to investigate the impacts of extended oxytetracycline supplementation on the freshwater stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis through a multi-biomarker ap...

Infections caused by Aeromonas hydrophila are a major barrier to tilapia production. Antibiotics are essential for effective disease management for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes. This study assessed the efficacy of oral enrofloxacin (ENF) at the recommended dose of 10 mg/kg biomass/day for five days in combating A. hydrophila infection in O...

Aquaculture urgently requires effective bacterial disease management, necessitating improved regulation of antibiotic application. This study investigated the effects of oral oxolinic acid (OA) administration on Oreochromis niloticus at the dose of 12 (1×) and 36 mg (3×)/kg biomass/day for 7 consecutive days, relative to a control group. The 1× and...

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The study assessed the efficiency of in-vitro oxytetracycline (OTC) exposure on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development in aquatic bacteria. Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 49140 and Edwardsiella tarda ATCC 15947 were serially passaged to OTC for short and long durations. Short duration OTC exposure (30 min) at 0, 0.097 (0.25× Minimum Inhibitory Conce...

The cultivation of tilapias, the third most farmed fish group globally, has been rapidly growing, especially in Southeast Asia. This surge in tilapia farming intensification has led to increased use of antibiotics to control bacterial diseases. This study investigated the safety implications of administering graded doses of enrofloxacin (ENF) at 0...

Bacterial diseases such as motile aeromonads septicaemia is major constraints in aquaculture. Oxolinic acid (OA) is a critically important drug for humans and serves as a second-line remedy in aquaculture. The present study was conducted to determine the efficacy of oral OA medication at 12 mg/kg biomass/day for 7 consecutive days in Oreochromis ni...

This study investigates the pharmacokinetic profile of florfenicol and its efficacy against selected bacterial pathogens through in-vitro experiments.

Bioinformatics is a field of study that uses computation to extract knowledge from biological data. It includes the collection, storage, retrieval, manipulation and modelling of data; for analysis, visualization or prediction through the development of algorithms and software. As an interdisciplinary field of science, bioinformatics combines biolog...

Antibiotics are widely used to prevent and treat bacterial infections, increasing aquaculture productivity. However, their imprudent use can lead to unintended consequences, including pathological alterations in vital organs of aquatic organisms. The safety of florfenicol following in-feed administration at 10 times the recommended dose and three t...

In the study on Oreochromis niloticus, singular oral gavage of florfenicol (FFC) at 15 mg/kg biomass/day was conducted, mimicking approved aquaculture dosing. Samples of plasma, bile, muscle, intestine, skin, liver, kidney, gill, and brain tissues were collected at 0, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, 48, 64, 96, and 128 hours (h) after oral gavage. L...

The monetary worth of ornamental fish in the market mainly depended on the presence of carotenoids which activate the coloration of fish. Nevertheless, there is limited exploration of various natural carotenoid sources as potential feed supplements for ornamental fish. The present feeding trial was conducted to know the influence of papaya pulp pow...

The aquaculture use of antibiotics can cause detrimental effects on fish organs and gut microbial dysbiosis. The impact of florfenicol (FFC) on fish intestinal histology, an approved antibiotic, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of FFC on Oreochromis niloticus juveniles by administering FFC at 10 mg and 30 mg/kg biomass/d...

The study aimed to investigate the impact of administering the antibiotic florfenicol (FFC) through dietary means on Oreochromis niloticus . The experiment involved exposing the fish to FFC at doses 0 to 10 times the therapeutic dose of 15 mg/kg biomass per day for 10 consecutive days. The group receiving the therapeutic dose showed 100% survival o...

The work describes the effect of dietary enrofloxacin on oxidative stress and histopathological changes in O. niloticus at recommended and higher dose

The ornamental fish sector plays a vital role as a component of international fish trade, fisheries, aquaculture, and development. Attractive coloration determines the commercial value of ornamental. Carotenoids are responsible for the red, orange, and yellow colour in the skin, flesh, shell, and exoskeleton of fish. The present study was undertake...

Emamectin benzoate (EB) is an antiparasitic veterinary drug in temperate aquaculture to control ectoparasites. Research on its safety, tolerability and toxicity in tropical aquaculture is growing recently. This study examined the neurological and brain histopathological effects and the accumulation of tissue residues in all-male Oreochromis nilotic...

Fish health assessment is essential for maintaining sustainable aquatic ecosystems and ensuring the well‐being of wild and farmed fish populations. Hematological parameters are crucial indicators of fish health, with poikilocytosis emerging as a fundamental marker with significant diagnostic value. Poikilocytosis refers to abnormally shaped erythro...

The escalating prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to the effective management of fish health. As aquaculture continues to expand globally to meet the rising demand for nutrition, the reliance on antimicrobial agents in fish farming practices has surged. This heightened usage of antimicrobials, however, has led t...

Edwardsiella tarda is one of the serious pathogens of catfish. The most promising methods of disease control nowadays in aquaculture are to strengthen the defence mechanisms in fish through prophylactic administration of immunostimulants. This study assessed the effects of dietary yeast extract (YE) on the innate immunity, viz., respiratory oxidati...

Biofloc technology (BFT) is gaining popularity in aquaculture. The primary objective of the current study was to examine intestinal bacterial counts in water and gut (stomach and hindgut) samples obtained from Oreochromis niloticus from different farms of North and South 24 Parganas. The total heterotrophic bacterial counts (THBC) and total bacteri...

Oxolinic acid (OA), a broad-spectrum quinolone antibiotic that plays a crucial role in human medicine, is often used in aquaculture as a second-line treatment at 12 mg/kg biomass/day continuously for seven days. The objective of this study was to assess its effectiveness against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus i...

Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a serious pathogen impacting farmed shrimp production in Asian countries. Though many aquatic organisms were reported to be susceptible to EHP, the full range of susceptible hosts, which have the potential to transmit the pathogen to shrimp has not been identified. In this study, a range of farmed and wild inver...

In aquaculture, oxolinic acid (OA) is used as a second-line treatment at 12 mg/kg biomass/day for seven consecutive days. The present study evaluated the biosafety of 21 days of dietary administration of OA at 0, 12, 36, 60 and 120 mg by assessing the growth, biochemical, erythrocytic morphological and histopathological alterations and residue leve...

In aquaculture, drugs are often abused to accomplish disease control without considering the negative effects on fish health. This study aimed at elucidating the pernicious effects of in-feed antiparasitic drug emamectin benzoate (EB) abuse on the haemato-biochemistry and erythro-morphometry of healthy Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. The fish w...

Antibiotics are essential for specific and diagnosed practices in aquaculture practices and many of them are toxic to fish if abused. This study reports the effects of prolonged use of dietary oxytetracycline at 0-10 times the therapeutic dose (×: 80 mg/kg biomass/day) on the kidney and liver histoarchitecture of Oreochromis niloticus. A dose-depen...

Edwardsiellosis caused by Edwardsiella tarda and Edwardsiella piscicida is one of the most common catfish diseases. For any bacterium to cause an infection, it has to adhere to and invade the host. Major fimbrial protein (fimA) plays an important role in the adherence of Edwarsiella spp. using an in-silico approach, physicochemical properties, seco...

Florfenicol (FFC), an approved aquaculture antibiotic, is administered in feed at doses of 10–15 mg kg biomass−1 day−1 for 10 successive days. In this study, healthy Oreochromis niloticus were fed with 0–10 times the therapeutic dose of 15 mg kg biomass−1 day−1 for 10 days and tracked for 43 days post dosing. Assessments of residue accrual and depl...

Viral nervous necrosis (VNN), caused by the nervous necrosis virus (NNV), is one of the marine finfish culture’s most serious viral diseases. There are no successful and proven treatment measures to control this infection. In silico approach aids in identifying novel antiviral compounds that can be analyzed further to fight VNN infection. The prese...

The effects of the dietary antiparasitic drug emamectin benzoate (EB) on the biosafety and kidney, liver and intestine tissue histopathology of Oreochromis niloticus were assessed. Extended EB medication at the recommended dose (50 μg/kg biomass/day) for 21 days reduced survival, feed intake and biomass. A dose-dependent hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic an...

Escherichia coli is targeted as a model bacterium for monitoring antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this study, 232 E. coli strains from carp aquaculture environments were screened for AMR against 12 antibiotics. Maximum resistance was found against cefalexin, amoxyclav, azithromycin, nitrofurantoin, gentamycin, and oxytetracycline. Multiple antibi...

Edwardsiella tarda is one of the serious bacterial pathogens infecting both cultured and wild catfish urging an immediate need for effective protection strategies. This study assessed the effects of dietary supplementation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa FARP72 at 10⁸ cells/g feed (PA diet) for 30 days on the innate immunity parameters, viz., respiratory...

Antibiotics are used in the treatment of bacterial diseases in commercial aquaculture. In this study, we the biological responses of Oreochromis niloticus juveniles upon dietary florfenicol (FFC) administration at 15 mg (1×) and 45 mg kg biomass −1 day −1 (3×) for 10 days in terms of feed intake, survival, biomass, hematological, erythro-morphologi...

Edwardsiella tarda is considered one of the important bacterial fish pathogens. The outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of E. tarda are structurally and functionally conserved, and immunogenic. This study assessed the effects of the OMPs of E. tarda CGH9 as a vaccine without aluminium hydroxide [AH] (T1) and with AH adjuvant (T2) on the respiratory burs...

Intensive fish farming often leads to the emergence of infectious and parasitic diseases, which require aquadrugs to control them. The present study evaluated the effects of 1× (50 μg/kg biomass/day) and 3× (150 μg/kg biomass/day) dietary emamectin benzoate (EB)-dosing on healthy Oreochromis niloticus for 7 consecutive days in comparison with contr...

A variety of drugs are administered orally to control parasitic diseases in aquaculture. This study assessed the effects of oral dose and dosage of an antiparasitic agent emamectin benzoate (EB) on the safety and kidney, liver, and intestine tissue histoarchitecture of Oreochromis niloticus. The EB-medication for 21 days at the recommended dose cau...

Tilapia is one of the most consumed farmed fish, which requires the use of antibiotics in certain phases of its production. This study assessed the safety of 30 days of oral florfenicol (FFC) dosing at 0–10 times the therapeutic dose (1 × : 10 mg/kg biomass/day) in Oreochromis niloticus juveniles. Behavioural changes, feed consumption, mortality an...

Florfenicol (FF), a synthetic wide-spectrum antibacterial agent approved by FDA for use in aquaculture since 2011, is palatable, well-tolerated and effective in both fresh and saline water aquaculture which is known for treatment of fish disease caused by susceptible bacteria. In the present study the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and withdraw...

The intensification of aquacultural practices demands the regulated use of antibiotics to contain diseases. This study investigated the accrual and depletion of florfenicol (FFC) and its metabolite florfenicol amine (FFA) in Oreochromis niloticus juveniles following dietary administration of 15 and 45 mg FFC/kg biomass/day for 10 days, the oxidativ...

The current study evaluated the biosafety of oxytetracycline (OTC) exposure for 30 days in monosex Oreochromis niloticus fries. The fries were exposed to OTC for 3 h/day for 30 days at 350 (0.5X), 700 (1X), 2100 (3X), 3500 (5X), and 7000 (10X) mg/L and compared with control (0X). The OTC exposure at 5X and 10X concentrations caused 100% mortality w...

The use of chemicals, biologicals and veterinary medicinal products (VMPs) helps in healthy and sustainable fish production. Information on the use of these products is essential for assessing farming practices, potential human health and environmental risks. A questionnaire‐based nationwide survey covering aquaculture farms (n = 2936) producing ca...

Introduction of land-based biofloc technology has brought huge changes in concept of fish farming. The practice of biofloc farming is gaining popularity amidst COVID-19 situation. For the present study on biofloc tank farming in West Bengal, 110 biofloc farmers who had harvested at least one crop, were selected through simple random sampling method...

Oreochromis niloticus is imperative in Indian aquaculture attributing to a significant portion of culture fisheries after carps. This study assessed the serum biochemical, haematological, and histopathological changes in O. niloticus juveniles upon dietary administration of florfenicol (FFC) at 15 mg/kg biomass/day (1X) and 45 mg/kg biomass/day (3X...

In Indian aquaculture, the information on the usage of aquadrugs is very little. The present survey focused on the aquadrugs, chemicals and biological products used in 676 freshwater farms from 15 districts of West Bengal between 2018 and 2019. The aquadrugs usage/ton fish production was calculated for each product. A total of 109 different product...

Diseases are the major problems that have a significant impact on African catfish Clarias gariepinus seed production. This study reports the necropsy, microscopy, bacteriology and histopathology of diseased catfish larvae that experienced mass mortalities (>80%). The gill filaments of diseased larvae revealed no ectoparasites. The intestines had no...

Abstract. The incidence of diseases has been increasing along with the global production of catfish in aquaculture. Vogesella perlucida has not been recognized as a fish pathogen. This study characterized the V. perlucida associated with diseased catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), with phenotypic and molecular methods. The ascites of diseased...

Stress mitigation is one of the most challenging tasks in aquaculture. The East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW) is a complex of natural and human-made wetlands lying east of the city of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. The EKW forms one of the largest assemblages of sewage-fed fish ponds. The present study investigated the effects of dietary vitamin E on the gr...

Diseases are the major problems that have a significant impact on African catfish Clarias gariepinus seed production. This study reports the necropsy, microscopy, bacteriology and histopathology of diseased catfish larvae that experienced mass mortalities (>80%). The gill filaments of diseased larvae revealed no ectoparasites. The intestines had no...

The present study evaluated the effects of Aeromonas caviae infection and oral oxytetracycline (OTC) therapy based on the histopathological alterations, serum creatinine, and antibiotic resistance in the gut-bacteria of Oreochromis niloticus. Ten days of OTC therapy at 2 g kg feed-1 at 3% body weight reduced the mortalities to 30% compared to 50% i...

Edwardsiella tarda is considered one of the important bacterial fish pathogens. The outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of E. tarda are structurally and functionally conserved, and immunogenic. This study assessed the effects of the OMPs of E. tarda CGH9 as a vaccine without aluminium hydroxide [AH] (T1) and with AH adjuvant (T2) on the respiratory burs...

Background & Aim: Centella asiatica is considered a nutraceutical and its leaves are rich in carotenoids, vitamins B and C, amino acids, carbohydrates, phenols and terpenoids. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of C. asiatica leaf powder (CP) on the growth performance of Labeo rohita. Experiment...

Antibiotics are considered an important primary therapy for bacterial diseases in aquaculture. This study evaluated the influence of oral administration of oxytetracycline (OTC) on feed intake, growth, mortality, residue accumulation and clearance, and histopathological changes in the vital organs of six groups of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus...

The uproar in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among the aquacultured environment has led to the isolation of multiple antibiotic-resistant (MAR) Aeromonas strains. The current study aimed at the enumeration of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas in carps of aquacultured environment and market samples. Isolation of Aeromonas was also done in Rimler-Shotts...

The application of antiparasitic drugs plays a crucial role in the removal of infectious parasites in aquaculture. Emamectin benzoate (EB) is predominantly used as a feed premix against ectoparasites on temperate fish. This study evaluated the influence of 14 days of EB-dosing at 0–10 times the recommended dose (1X: 50 μg/kg biomass/day) on the bio...

The supplementation of yeast cell wall preparation in feed showed a considerable immunostimulatory effect in bata (Labeo bata)

Among the tested carp species, minor carp, Labeo bata elicited significantly more immune effector activities than Indian major carps, viz. Labeo rohita and Labeo catla

The influence of fluctuating water temperature and dietary oxytetracycline (OTC) at 0 (0X), 80 (1X), 240 (3X), 400 (5X) and 800 mg (10X)/kg biomass/day for 30 consecutive days on the safety of monosex (all male) Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fries in terms of feeding, growth, survival and histopathology of vital organs were assessed. A dose-de...

The seroreactivity of Vibrio harveyi soluble somatic protein antigens was assessed by AGPT, CIE and ELISA. It was concluded that species-specific diagnosis of Vibrio harveyi infection in shrimp was possible using serological techniques.

Tilapia is one of the most consumed farmed fish, which requires the use of antibiotics in certain phases of its production. This study assessed the safety of 30 days of oral florfenicol (FFC)-dosing at 0-10 times the therapeutic dose (1X: 10 mg/kg biomass/day) in Oreochromis niloticus juveniles. Behavioural changes, feed consumption, mortality and...

Motile Aeromonas spp. are responsible for several diseases and pathological conditions in fish as well as gastrointestinal diseases in human. The present study aimed at isolating motile aeromonads from the retail market carps of peri-urban Kolkata and assessing their potential threats in terms of antibiotic-resistance. Among the 71 motile aeromonad...

Immunomodulation is one of the useful tools to prevent diseases in aquaculture. In this study, the immunomodulatory effects of vitamin-E (100 mg/kg feed) and commercial probiotic consortia, RhodomaxTM (5 g/kg feed) on the innate immunity of Labeo rohita and their protective effect against Aeromonas hydrophila infection were evaluated and compared....

Effects of the dietary therapeutic dose of oxytetracycline (OTC) at 80 mg/kg biomass/day for consecutive 10 days on the behaviour, feed intake, mortality, residue accumulation and depletion, antioxidant capacity and immune-related genes expression in juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were evaluated. OTC-dosing caused mortalities, reduced...

In the present study, an attempt was made to document the spatial distribution and rapid diversity inventory of macro-benthic fauna from 21 sampling stations of the Indian Sundarban for a period of six months from November 2014 to April 2015. A total of 1,871 individuals belonging to 35 species were recorded which comprised 12 species of molluscs,...

Adhesion is recognized as the first important step of a probiont for intestinal colonization. This study assessed the ability of an antagonistic Pseudomonas aeruginosa FARP72 to adhere and colonize the intestine of yellowtail catfish, Pangasius pangasius both in vitro and in vivo. For the in vitro assay, the whole intestines of each of two starved...

Economic loss due to Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infections and other diseases to Penaeus vannamei farming in India was estimated through a questionnaire-based survey of shrimp farms in major shrimp farming states of India during 2018–2019. The survey covered an area of 7259 ha of shrimp farming in 23 coastal...

Antibiotics are considered an important primary therapy for bacterial diseases in aquaculture. This study evaluated the influence of oral administration of oxytetracycline (OTC) on feed intake, growth, mortality, residue accumulation and clearance, and histopathological changes in the vital organs of six groups of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus...

Introduction: The worldwide growth of aquaculture has led to persistent infections and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). The present study identified the similarity and correlativity of antibiotic susceptibility in the autochthonous bacterial flora of carps cultured in the East Kolkata Wetland and peri-urban Kolkata, India using...

Fish are continuously exposed to multiple environmental stressors that work cumulatively and synergistically. This study assessed the stress responses of Indian major carps (IMCs) cultured in a sewage-fed pond (SP) in the East Kolkata Wetland (EKW), India and compared with the normal carps in situ. The experiment was conducted in two farms that cul...

In the present study, an attempt was made to document the spatial distribution and rapid diversity inventory of macro-benthic fauna from 21 sampling stations of the Indian Sundarban for a period of six months from November 2014 to April 2015. A total of 1,871 individuals belonging to 35 species were recorded which comprised 12 species of molluscs,...

With the increase in intensification in aquaculture practices, there has been an increase in the incidence of diseases. Though the Indian major carp aquaculture has witnessed tremendous growth rates in the recent past, still it suffers production loss due to diseases and management issues. Globally, the fish farmers rely on aggressive use of chemot...

The microbiota are normally involved in numerous factors concerned with the health of the fishes in their environment and many of them can also cause threats to the same. In fish, the gut microbiota inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract influence the physiology, nutrition, life span, immunity, besides acting as a barrier against pathogens. Although...

Effect of oxytetracycline (OTC) on the intestinal bacterial load and development of antibiotic-resistance in monosex (allmale) Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) fries were investigated under laboratory condition. The Nile tilapia fries were fed with OTC-diets at 80 (1X) and 800 mg/kg biomass/day (10X) for 10 consecutive days and compared with con...

The morphometric and molecular characterization of Thelohanellus catlae a new myxozoan belonging to genus Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 (Myxosporea:Bivalvulida) infecting the gills of Catla catla were described in this study. The infection was observed as irregular, milky whitish, cyst-like plasmodia (up to 2.0-3.0 mm in diameter) attached to the gill f...

To develop vaccine for rohu (Labeo rohita), efficacy of three antigenic preparations from Aeromonas hydrophila were evaluated. Thirty six tanks with ten rohu were divided in quadruplicates (R1 to R4) with nine tanks (G1 to G9). Rohu of G1 to G6 tanks were given intraperitoneal vaccine with outer membrane protein, somatic protein and formalin-inacti...

Penaeus vannamei farming has been the major aquaculture practice in the Indian Sundarbans. This study investigated the physicochemical characteristics, management practices, distribution of vibrios, and the prevalence of bacterial, parasitic and viral diseases in 14 P. vannamei intensive culture farms in the Indian Sunderbans during 2016. The total...

The global shrimp aquaculture is impacted by episodes of viral diseases resulting in huge income losses. This communication presents the results of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based surveillance of white spot virus (WSV) and monodon baculovirus (MBV) in shrimp culture systems of West Bengal, India. The WSV was detected in 14.87% of the tota...

The global shrimp aquaculture is impacted by episodes of viral diseases resulting in huge income losses. This communication presents the results of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based surveillance of white spot virus (WSV) and monodon baculovirus (MBV) in shrimp culture systems of West Bengal, India. The WSV was detected in 14.87% of the tota...

Background: Viral diseasescreateoneofthegreatestchallengesfortherapidlyexpandingornamental fish culture sector. Inrecentyears,thehost-specific herpesvirusesarereceivingmuchattentionduetotheintensification in aquaculture globally.Cyprinidherpesvirus-2(CyHV-2,goldfish hematopoieticnecrosisvirus),andCyprinidher- pesvirus-3 (CyHV-3,koiherpesvirus)areth...

The risk factors, management issues and impacts of diseases in carp aquaculture in West Bengal were evaluated. The relative risk was calculated for 35 variables related to pond connection/establishment, pre-stocking, stocking, post-stocking management, hygiene and climate. Practices such as the use of rainwater, draining of pond water, pond bottom...

Emamectin benzoate (EB) premix top-coated onto feed is extensively used to treat ectoparasitic crustacean infestations in aquaculture. This study evaluated the safety of EB-dosing in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus at the recommended dose and dosage of 50 μg/kg biomass/day for 7 consecutive days (1X) and compared with control and 10 times the re...

Aeromonas spp. are autochthonous in the aquatic environment and known for their aetiological role in motile Aeromonas septicaemia (MAS) of freshwater fish. In the present study, the susceptibility of five motile Aeromonas strains from the aquaculture environment was tested against 12 antibiotics. The mutation frequencies and minimal inhibitory conc...