Tina Lee Bloom

• PhD, MPH, RN
• Professor at University of Missouri

Limited evidence exists on help-seeking, access, and use of support services and resources by survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Thailand. This study uses qualitative descriptive methods to explore help-seeking behaviors of adult (18 years and older) Thai women who reported IPV in the past 6 months. Twenty-seven women were recruited th...

Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health concern, particularly in vulnerable populations such as Chinese immigrant women. Aim This study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an empowerment-based intervention integrated with relaxation and self-compassion techniques for Chinese immigrant women experi...

The Southern United States (US) bears the highest burden of HIV prevalence in the country, disproportionately affecting African American communities. Despite the proven efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in reducing HIV transmission, its uptake remains suboptimal in this region. This study aimed to identify factors influencing PrEP-prescri...

This study explores the transition and adjustment of African immigrant women, particularly Ethiopian immigrant women (EIW), as they navigate the U.S. healthcare system and their ability to access and utilize healthcare services. A qualitative cross-sectional design with a mix of purposive and snowball sampling techniques was utilized to recruit EIW...

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of myPlan Teen app compared to usual care on the use of helpful safety behaviors, dating violence victimization and perpetration, depression, and suicide behavior. Methods: A longitudinal randomized clinical trial with 617 adolescents randomized to myPlan Teen or usual care. Participants in both groups compl...

Few studies have focused on evaluating the relationship between dating violence (DV) and suicide during the critical period of adolescence, particularly for transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youth. The study examined the relationship between experiencing DV victimization and perpetration in the past 6 months and suicidality (ideation and attempt...

Background Nearly half of intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors experience their first abusive relationship at college age (18–24 years). Most often they disclose the violence to friends. Existing college campus “bystander” interventions training peers to safely intervene have been effective in sexual assault prevention; similar interventions h...

Chinese immigrant survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the United States have been overlooked and underserved. The purpose of this study was to explore their perceptions of resources for assistance as well as their priority needs. We conducted phone interviews with 20 Chinese immigrant women who had experienced IPV in the past year. The...

Aim Using the theory of planned behaviour, the aim of this study was to examine predictors of intention to screen patients for intimate partner violence among Thai nursing students. Methods We employed a cross‐sectional, anonymous online survey study with convenience sampling of senior nursing students from across Thailand in April 2019. We admini...

Background: Nearly half of intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors experience their first abusive relationship at college age (18-24 years), and most often these young people disclose the violence to friends. Existing "bystander" interventions targeting college campuses focus on training peers to safely intervene and have been effective in sexual...

About one in eight U.S. high school students in Grades 9 to 12 report experiencing teen dating violence (TDV) in the form of physical, sexual, or psychological dating violence in the past year in person, on school grounds, and online. Compared with their urban counterparts, rural teens face nearly double the rate of physical dating abuse and an ele...

Background A growing body of research shows the promise and efficacy of technology‐based or digital interventions in improving the health and well‐being of survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). In addition, mental health comorbidities such as anxiety, post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression occur three to five times more frequ...

Scholars have recognized dating violence as a public health and social justice issue among youths. Between one in four to one in eight teens in the United States report being a victim of dating violence, including physical, psychological, sexual violence, and online/school bullying. As it turns out, teenagers residing in rural areas are two times m...

Objective: Very little research has been conducted on intimate partner violence (IPV) against Chinese immigrant women living in the United States, including qualitative explorations of the lived experiences of IPV among Chinese immigrant survivors. This study presents Chinese immigrant women’s experiences of IPV and its mental health consequences,...

Introduction Rural youth are twice as likely as urban youth to experience some forms of teen dating violence (TDV), and significant barriers to accessing support services for physical, psychological, sexual violence. However, rural youth remain understudied and undersampled. Rural young men, in particular, are at risk for experiencing or perpetrati...

Objective: Immigrant women are vulnerable to intimate partner violence (IPV), and differences in immigration history, language, and culture impact their trauma responses. Although Chinese are the largest Asian immigrant subgroup in the U.S., little IPV research has specifically focused on this population. Therefore, we aimed to gain a better under...

Purpose: Patients have responded in variable ways to pain science education about the psychosocial correlates of pain. To improve the effectiveness of pain education approaches, this study qualitatively explored participants’ perceptions of and responses to pain science education. Methods: We conducted a qualitative content analysis of interviews w...

Approximately 12% of women in the United States have difficulty getting pregnant or carrying a pregnancy to term (i.e., infertility). Infertility permeates women's lives and is psychologically, socially and financially burdensome. This study aimed to describe women's experiences regarding infertility and explore factors that women find helpful to a...

The objective of this study was to examine differences in change over time in health and safety outcomes among female college students randomized to myPlan, a tailored safety planning app, or usual web-based safety planning resources. Three hundred forty-six women (175 intervention, 171 control) from 41 colleges/universities in Oregon and Maryland...

Introduction Studies show digital interventions such as mobile and wireless platforms (e.g., smartphone apps, text messaging) and web‐based platforms (online support groups and telehealth services) can improve the mental health outcomes for victims/survivors of partner abuse. Depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety are three t...

Background Women with disabilities have the same rights as women without disabilities to prevent unintended pregnancy, yet little is known about their experiences in accessing family planning methods. Objective This qualitative descriptive study explored perceptions of barriers to effective family planning services among women with disabilities....

Background Identifying factors related to intimate partner violence (IPV) screening intentions of future nurses is critical, but no studies specific to this research area exist in Thailand; nor does any validated instrument currently exist to systematically evaluate Thai nursing students’ IPV training or measure their readiness to address IPV. The...

Background: Although exposure and personal experiences can guide breastfeeding decisions, the extant research on African American mothers is limited regarding the influence of infant feeding exposure. The persistent race-based breastfeeding disparities also underscore the lack of effective interventions to support breastfeeding among African Americ...

Aims To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of intimate partner violence among Chinese immigrant women residing in the USA. Design A cross‐sectional study using the online survey approach. Methods A total of 475 Chinese immigrant women were recruited online between April–June 2019. We measured past year intimate partner violence, sociodem...

Intimate partner violence is common in Thailand. The myPlan app (www. myplanapp.org) is an individualized, evidence-based safety planning decision aid for abused women. The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of Thai providers working with abused women regarding the potential usefulness and feasibility of app-based interventions in th...

Intimate partner violence during pregnancy among young women is globally prevalent, but there is limited information on descriptions of this vulnerable population in low-and middle-income countries. A comprehensive search for primary research studies was conducted using PubMed, Medline (OVID), and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria consisted of research co...

Introduction Despite the known prevalence and detrimental health outcomes associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), extant literature has rarely focused on the impact of ACEs on mothers’ parenting practices. The purpose of this metasynthesis was to synthesize qualitative studies to understand how mothers with a history of ACEs parent th...

This study described the frequency of different adverse childhood experience (ACE) types described by women with recent IPV and examined the effects of each ACE type on women’s mental health. Over 70% of women reported parental separation or divorce, over 40% reported childhood sexual assault, and around 40% had a mother who was treated violently....

Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects all populations, regardless of race, education, or socioeconomic status, but Black women experience higher rates of IPV (43.7%) in comparison with White women (34.6%). Although evidence indicates that faith-based organizations and clergy play key roles in preventing and responding to IPV among Black women, li...

Objectives: Previous studies investigated the physical, psychological and sociological effects of infertility; however, stigma and violence experiences of infertile women haven’t yet been studied in the US. The objective of the study is to examine the perceived stress, stigma, violence experiences, and social support of US infertile women and to co...

Background/Purpose Mothers of adolescents in residential treatment (RT) experience the highest rates of intimate partner violence (IPV; emotional, physical, and/or sexual abuse by a partner or ex-partner) in the child welfare system. Few studies have investigated the intersection of IPV and parenting in the context of RT. The purpose of this study...

College-age women represent the highest-risk age group for intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization. Bystander prevention approaches (primarily developed to address sexual assault risk on college campuses), have quickly become the mainstay of primary prevention education for gender-based violence in these settings and have been applied to all...

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects 1 in 3 US women with the effects of IPV detectable for several generations. While IPV is known to have significant impacts on maternal-child outcomes, little is known about the mother's perspectives of the interplay between perinatal IPV exposure, parenting styles, and safety strategies. Methods...

Batterer Intervention Programs (BIPs) show minimal evidence of treatment efficacy in curbing post-intervention recidivism. These interventions demonstrate even less significant treatment potential for Immigrant Male Batterers (IMB) who contend with intersecting pre- and post-migration barriers to intervention uptake in BIPs in their host countries....

Background: Women with disabilities experience higher rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) than the general population. Reproductive coercion, a type of intimate partner violence, is associated with an increased risk of unintended pregnancy (UIP), yet little is known about this relationship among women with disabilities. Objective: This qual...

In this case study, we describe Teen Relationship Education Empowerment (TREE), a faith-based prevention program to reduce teen dating violence (TDV). Faith communities have tremendous potential to address multilevel risk and protective factors for TDV. We first describe the program, which is a 2-session psychoeducational training for congregation...

Objective: To determine population-based estimates of use of contraception among women 15-44years of age in the United States by disability status. Study design: We examined the relationship between disability status and use of contraception among 7505 women at risk of unintended pregnancy using data from the 2011-2015 National Survey of Family...

Background Very short study abroad programs may be most feasible in undergraduate nursing programs, but little research describes their value for prospective nurses. The narratives of senior baccalaureate nursing students (N = 62) who traveled for 2 weeks to Cape Coast, Ghana, between semesters for a faculty-led community health clinical experience...

Objectives We compared fertility desires and intentions among women with disabilities and women without disabilities in the United States, using a new evidence-based measure of disability. Methods We analyzed data from a sample of 5601 US women 15-44 years of age in the 2011-2013 National Survey of Family Growth. The data were analyzed via cross-ta...

The purpose of this study was to explore rural women's accounts of intimate partner violence and the strategies they used to protect themselves from such adversity. Convenience sampling included women currently in an abusive relationship (N = 22), who were receiving mental health services at a rural victim-service provider. Standardized measures in...

Background: A substantial and increasing population of US women of childbearing age live with disability. Disability-based disparities in access to family planning services have been previously documented, but few studies have used population-based data sources or evidence-based measures of disability. Objective: To determine population-based es...

Introduction: Women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) navigate complex, dangerous decisions. Tailored safety information and safety planning, typically provided by domestic violence service providers, can prevent repeat IPV exposure and associated adverse health outcomes; however, few abused women access these services. The Internet rep...

Young women experiencing dating violence in same-sex relationships face significant barriers to help for safety planning. Therefore, our team developed a tailored smartphone safety decision aid app for dating violence survivors and their peers. College women survivors of same-sex dating violence, peers, and college staff reviewed the app, identifyi...

Dating violence (DV) from an intimate partner/expartner is common on college campuses, but young college women are far more likely to disclose DV to a peer than to seek formal services. Therefore, our team developed a prototype smartphone application (app) aimed at DV survivors’ peers. Through focus groups/interviews, 31 college students who self-i...

Background: An Internet safety decision aid was developed to help abused women understand their risk for repeat and near-lethal intimate partner violence, clarify priorities related to safety, and develop an action plan customized to these priorities. Purpose: To test the effectiveness of a safety decision aid compared with usual safety planning...

An Internet safety decision aid was developed to help abused women understand their risk for repeat and near-lethal intimate partner violence, clarify priorities related to safety, and develop an action plan customized to these priorities. To test the effectiveness of a safety decision aid compared with usual safety planning (control) delivered thr...

College-age women are at high risk for dating violence and tend to seek services at rates lower than older adults. Young women are more likely to look to their peers or to technology as a forum for accessing safety resources. This study explores a prototype smart phone application ("app") that is a safety decision aid for female survivors of dating...

In this study we explored rural women's (N = 37) perceptions of strategy use and effectiveness in dealing with intimate partner violence (IPV). We used all six categories of the IPV Strategies Index (Goodman, Dutton, Weinfurt, & Cook, 200325. Goodman, L., Dutton, M.A., Weinfurt, K., & Cook, S. (2003). The intimate partner violence strategies index....

Maternal psychosocial stress has been associated with adverse maternal-child outcomes. Vulnerable women's experiences with stressors during pregnancy and their desires and priorities for appropriate and useful stress reduction interventions are not well understood. Qualitative interviews with low-income, urban women explored their stress exposures...

Rural residence and maternal stress are risk factors for adverse maternal-child health outcomes across the globe, but rural women have been largely overlooked in maternal stress research. We recruited low-income, rural pregnant women for qualitative interviews to explore their stress exposures during pregnancy, reactions to stress, and priorities f...

We describe adverse pregnancy outcomes, including congenital anomalies, fetal, neonatal, and infant mortality among a Missouri population of low-income, rural mothers who participated in two randomized smoking cessation trials. In the Baby BEEP (BB) trial, 695 rural women were recruited from 21 WIC clinics with 650 women's pregnancy outcomes known...

Using a metasynthesis approach, our aim was to articulate new insights relating to the most efficient and effective means of helping homeless women with substance abuse problems to enhance their well-being and become more stably housed. Distorted perceptions of competency, which are shaped by dysfunctional relationships and mental health problems,...

Advocates, clinicians, policy makers, and survivors frequently cite intimate partner violence (IPV) as an immediate cause of or precursor to housing problems. Research has indicated an association between homelessness and IPV, yet few studies examine IPV and housing instability. Housing instability differs from homelessness, in that someone experie...

Retaining victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) in longitudinal research is challenging, as abused women often face safety concerns, housing and employment instability, poverty, and major life transitions, making it difficult to locate and retain participants at follow-up time points. This article builds on past research to describe individual...

Intimate partner violence (IPV), commonly known as domestic violence is a problem throughout the world. An estimated 36% to 75% of employed abused woman are monitored, harassed and physically assaulted by their partners or ex-partners while trying to get to work and while at work. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of i...

A computerized safety decision aid was developed and tested with Spanish or English-speaking abused women in shelters or domestic violence (DV) support groups (n = 90). The decision aid provides feedback about risk for lethal violence, options for safety, assistance with setting priorities for safety, and a safety plan personalized to the user. Wom...

As has been noted in previous chapters, intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global health and social problem, which occurs in all countries and in all economic, social, religious, and cultural groups, and results in significant negative health and economic consequences for individuals, families, communities, and society (World Health Organization,...

This study builds on the existing knowledge of risk factors for lethal intimate partner violence (IPV) and typologies of IPV abusers by exploring patterns of abusive partners' behaviors among known risk factors for intimate partner femicide (i.e., murder of women) and determines if groups of survivors with similar patterns of abusive behaviors exis...

Latinas experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) often avoid formal resources due to fear, distrust, and cultural and language barriers, yet little research addresses culturally appropriate interventions for abused Latinas. To develop effective interventions, we must include abused Latinas' voices in research and collaborate with the community-...

In this chapter, the authors provide an overview of the evolution of domestic violence victim services, describing key components and characteristics of those services. They then discuss intimate partner violence (IPV) as human rights violations and the principles and application of a human rights framework in general. Finally, the authors advocate...

We revised the Danger Assessment to predict reassault in abusive female same-sex relationships. We used focus groups and interviews to evaluate the assessment tool and identify new risk factors and telephone interviews at baseline and at 1-month follow-up to evaluate the revised assessment. The new assessment tool comprised 8 original and 10 new it...

Intimate partner violence (IPV) spans all classes and communities in our society, but low-wage women, particularly women of color, are at increased risk of severe IPV, primarily because they have limited information and resources to increase their safety or change their living situations. Further, low-wage women of color are known to under-utilize...

High utilization of medical services during pregnancy has not been described as most studies have focused on women who receive inadequate or no prenatal care. This paper describes the characteristics and medical utilization data of 500 pregnant women enrolled in a prospective study. High utilizers (HU), who had a mean of 7.8 utilizations (SD = 3.2)...

Current rates of intimate partner homicide of females are approximately 4 to 5 times the rate for male victims, although the rates for both have decreased during the past 25 years. The major risk factor for intimate partner homicide, no matter if a female or male partner is killed, is prior domestic violence. This review presents and critiques the...

This study used Landenburger's theory, a process of leaving and recovering from an abusive relationship, as a framework to interview 35 pregnant women identified as being at high risk for abuse. Results are reported on 18 women who disclosed active abuse during the study. Landenburger's model was not a good fit. Our participants became trapped and...

Disclosure of abuse by pregnant women can vary depending on whether the woman is assessed directly by a trained interviewer versus written questionnaires, and if she is asked repeatedly during the course of pregnancy. One thousand pregnant women were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial designed to assess the effects of a nursing case management...

To determine whether individualized nursing case management can decrease stress among pregnant women at risk for or in abusive relationships. A multisite randomized controlled trial. Two prenatal clinics in the Pacific Northwest and rural Midwest. 1,000 women who spoke English and were 13 to 23 weeks pregnant at time of recruitment. All interventio...