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Timotheus Kampik

Timotheus Kampik
SAP Signavio

PhD

About

89
Publications
13,583
Reads
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342
Citations
Introduction
I am researching principle-based automated reasoning, as well as the engineering of intelligent systems.
Additional affiliations
December 2021 - present
SAP Research
Position
  • Principal Scientist

Publications

Publications (89)
Article
Full-text available
argumentation has emerged as a method for non-monotonic reasoning that has gained popularity in the symbolic artificial intelligence community. In the literature, the different approaches to abstract argumentation that were refined over the years are typically evaluated from a formal logics perspective; an analysis that is based on models of econom...
Article
In the symbolic artificial intelligence community, abstract argumentation with its semantics, i.e. approaches for defining sets of valid conclusions (extensions) that can be derived from argumentation graphs, is considered a promising method for non-monotonic reasoning. However, from a sequential perspective, abstract argumentation-based decision-m...
Chapter
Full-text available
This paper presents a formal approach to explaining change of inference in Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation Frameworks (QBAFs). When drawing conclusions from a QBAF and updating the QBAF to then again draw conclusions (and so on), our approach traces changes – which we call strength inconsistencies – in the partial order that a semantics establis...
Article
Full-text available
In this paper, we provide a formal framework for modeling the burden of persuasion in legal reasoning. The framework is based on abstract argumentation, a frequently studied method of non-monotonic reasoning, and can be applied to different argumentation semantics; it supports burdens of persuasion with arbitrary many levels, and allows for the pla...
Chapter
In this paper, we introduce the notion of the degree of monotony to abstract argumentation, a well-established method for drawing inferences in face of conflicts in non-monotonic reasoning. Roughly speaking, the degree of monotony allows us, given an abstract argumentation semantics and an abstract argumentation framework to be as monotonic as poss...
Article
Full-text available
In cooperative human decision-making, agreements are often not total; a partial degree of agreement is sufficient to commit to a decision and move on, as long as one is somewhat confident that the involved parties are likely to stand by their commitment in the future, given no drastic unexpected changes. In this paper, we introduce the notion of ag...
Preprint
Full-text available
In cooperative human decision-making, agreements are often not total; a partial degree of agreement is sufficient to commit to a decision and move on, as long as one is somewhat confident that the involved parties are likely to stand by their commitment in the future, given no drastic unexpected changes. In this paper, we introduce the notion of ag...
Article
Full-text available
In order to better facilitate the need for continuous business process improvement, the application of DevOps principles has been proposed. In particular, the AB-BPM methodology applies AB testing—a DevOps practice—and reinforcement learning to increase the speed and quality of business process improvement efforts. In this paper, we provide an indu...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Sustainability is an increasingly important issue, which organizations need to take into account when assessing and improving their business processes. Doing so can contribute to enhancing an organisation's overall sustainability. Green Business Process Management is a line of research concerned with supporting organisations to integrate a sustaina...
Preprint
Full-text available
Business process simulation (BPS) is a versatile technique for estimating process performance across various scenarios. Traditionally, BPS approaches employ a control-flow-first perspective by enriching a process model with simulation parameters. Although such approaches can mimic the behavior of centrally orchestrated processes, such as those supp...
Article
Full-text available
The continued success of Large Language Models (LLMs) and other generative artificial intelligence approaches highlights the advantages that large information corpora can have over rigidly defined symbolic models, but also serves as a proof-point of the challenges that purely statistics-based approaches have in terms of safety and trustworthiness....
Preprint
Detecting undesired process behavior is one of the main tasks of process mining and various conformance-checking techniques have been developed to this end. These techniques typically require a normative process model as input, specifically designed for the processes to be analyzed. Such models are rarely available, though, and their creation invol...
Preprint
Full-text available
The identification of undesirable behavior in event logs is an important aspect of process mining that is often addressed by anomaly detection methods. Traditional anomaly detection methods tend to focus on statistically rare behavior and neglect the subtle difference between rarity and undesirability. The introduction of semantic anomaly detection...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The opaque nature of machine learning systems has raised concerns about whether these systems can guarantee fairness. Furthermore, ensuring fair decision making requires the consideration of multiple perspectives on fairness.At the moment, there is no agreement on the definitions of fairness, achieving shared interpretations is difficult, and there...
Preprint
This paper presents an investigation of the capabilities of Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs) to auto-generate graphical process models from multi-modal (i.e., text- and image-based) inputs. More precisely, we first introduce a small dataset as well as a set of evaluation metrics that allow for a ground truth-based evaluation of multi-moda...
Chapter
Full-text available
While the Decision Model and Notation standard (DMN) is considered to be an increasingly popular standard, there is a broad consensus that human modelling errors can easily occur in the creation of DMN models. Yet, while this consensus is clear, there is only limited evidence of which error types exactly may occur in practice. In this work, we ther...
Article
Full-text available
Studying the behavior of users in software systems has become an essential task for software vendors who want to mitigate usability problems and identify automation potentials, or for researchers who want to test behavioral theories. One approach to studying user behavior in a data-driven way is through the analysis of so-called user interaction (U...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Business process simulation enables testing and improving redesigned versions of business processes in a secure environment. By utilizing process simulators, the effects (e.g., the resource utilization) of process changes can be studied prior to real-world implementation. With the growing availability of process execution data, techniques have emer...
Preprint
The continued success of Large Language Models (LLMs) and other generative artificial intelligence approaches highlights the advantages that large information corpora can have over rigidly defined symbolic models, but also serves as a proof-point of the challenges that purely statistics-based approaches have in terms of safety and trustworthiness....
Chapter
Chatbots such as ChatGPT have caused tremendous hype lately. For BPM applications, it is often not clear how to apply chatbots to generate business value. Hence, this work aims at the systematic analysis of existing chatbots for their support of conversational process modelling as a process-oriented capability. Application scenarios are identified...
Chapter
In order to better facilitate the need for continuous business process improvement, the application of DevOps principles has been proposed. In particular, the AB-BPM methodology applies AB testing and reinforcement learning to increase the speed and quality of improvement efforts. In this paper, we provide an industry perspective on this approach,...
Article
Kettle logic is a colloquial term that describes an agent’s advancement of inconsistent arguments in order to defeat a particular claim. Intuitively, a consistent subset of the advanced arguments should exist that is at least as successful at refuting the claim as the advancement of the set of inconsistent arguments. In this paper, we formalize thi...
Preprint
Chatbots such as ChatGPT have caused a tremendous hype lately. For BPM applications, it is often not clear how to apply chatbots to generate business value. Hence, this work aims at the systematic analysis of existing chatbots for their support of conversational process modelling as process-oriented capability. Application scenarios are identified...
Preprint
Fairness is central to the ethical and responsible development and use of AI systems, with a large number of frameworks and formal notions of algorithmic fairness being available. However, many of the fairness solutions proposed revolve around technical considerations and not the needs of and consequences for the most impacted communities. We there...
Preprint
This paper provides an introduction to and discussion of SIGNAL, an industry-scale process data querying language and engine for large-scale cloud-based systems that is developed by SAP Signavio. SIGNAL is optimized for fast read access to process data in event log format and utilizes an in-memory columnar store to this end. To facilitate usability...
Chapter
Full-text available
In this paper, we introduce the SAP Signavio Academic Models (SAP-SAM) dataset, a collection of hundreds of thousands of business models, mainly process models in BPMN notation. The model collection is a subset of the models that were created over the course of roughly a decade on academic.signavio.com , a free-of-charge software-as-a-service platf...
Preprint
Full-text available
In order to better facilitate the need for continuous business process improvement, the application of DevOps principles has been proposed. In particular, the AB-BPM methodology applies AB testing and reinforcement learning to increase the speed and quality of improvement efforts. In this paper, we provide an industry perspective on this approach,...
Article
Full-text available
This article presents an empirical requirement elicitation study for an argumentation-based digital companion for supporting behavior change, whose ultimate goal is the promotion and facilitation of healthy behavior. The study was conducted with non-expert users as well as with health experts and was in part supported by the development of prototyp...
Article
The study of autonomous agents has a long history in the Multiagent System and the Semantic Web communities, with applications ranging from automating business processes to personal assistants. More recently, the Web of Things (WoT), which is an extension of the Internet of Things (IoT) with metadata expressed in Web standards, and its community pr...
Conference Paper
Organizations improve their business processes regularly to react to clients' requests, changing business environments, or regulations. However, applying a changed process design directly in an organization is risky: frequently, process changes do not result in actual improvements. In this demo, we present a tool for AB testing of process versions...
Preprint
Full-text available
In this paper, we introduce the SAP Signavio Academic Models (SAP-SAM) dataset, a collection of hundreds of thousands of business models, mainly process models in BPMN notation. The model collection is a subset of the models that were created over the course of roughly a decade on academic.signavio.com, a free-of-charge software-as-a-service platfo...
Chapter
In this paper, we propose the integration of approaches to Engineering Multi-Agent Systems (EMAS) with the Developer Operations (DevOps) industry best practice. Whilst DevOps facilitates the organizational autonomy of software teams, as well as the technological automation of testing, deployment, and operations pipelines, EMAS and the agent-oriente...
Preprint
This paper presents the results of an industry expert survey about event log generation in process mining. It takes academic assumptions as a starting point and elicits practitioner's assessments of statements about process execution, process scoping, process discovery, and process analysis. The results of the survey shed some light on challenges a...
Preprint
Full-text available
The study of autonomous agents has a long tradition in the Multiagent Systems and the Semantic Web communities, with applications ranging from automating business processes to personal assistants. More recently, the Web of Things (WoT), which is an extension of the Internet of Things (IoT) with metadata expressed in Web standards, and its community...
Chapter
Full-text available
This paper presents the results of an industry expert survey about event log generation in process mining. It takes academic assumptions as a starting point and elicits practitioner’s assessments of statements about process execution, process scoping, process discovery, and process analysis. The results of the survey shed some light on challenges a...
Chapter
In this paper, we provide a formal framework for modeling the burden of persuasion in legal reasoning. The framework is based on abstract argumentation, a frequently studied method of non-monotonic reasoning, and can be applied to different argumentation semantics; it supports burdens of persuasion with arbitrary many levels, and allows for the pla...
Chapter
In this paper, we introduce a formal framework for explaining change of inference in abstract argumentation, in particular in the context of iteratively drawing inferences from a sequence of normal expansions, with a focus on admissible set-based semantics. We then conduct a formal analysis, showing that given an initial argumentation framework and...
Chapter
This paper describes the JaCaMo Builders team and its participation in the Multi-Agent Programming Contest 2020/21 based on the Agents Assemble II scenario. The paper presents the analysis of the scenario and design of the solution; the software architecture, including the tools used during the development of the team; the main strategies; and the...
Preprint
In this paper, we propose the integration of approaches to Engineering Multi-Agent Systems (EMAS) with the Developer Operations (DevOps) industry best practice. Whilst DevOps facilitates the organizational autonomy of software teams, as well as the technological automation of testing, deployment, and operations pipelines, EMAS and the agent-oriente...
Article
With the widespread use of AI, understanding the behavior of intelligent agents and robots is crucial to guarantee successful human-agent collaboration since it is not straightforward for humans to understand an agent's state of mind. Recent empirical studies have confirmed that explaining a system's behavior to human users fosters the latter's acc...
Chapter
A well-studied trait of human reasoning and decision-making is the ability to not only make decisions in the presence of contradictions, but also to explain why a decision was made, in particular if a decision deviates from what is expected by an inquirer who requests the explanation. In this paper, we examine this phenomenon, which has been extens...
Preprint
Full-text available
This volume contains revised versions of the papers selected for the second volume of the Online Handbook of Argumentation for AI (OHAAI). Previously, formal theories of argument and argument interaction have been proposed and studied, and this has led to the more recent study of computational models of argument. Argumentation, as a field within ar...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
A well-studied trait of human reasoning and decision-making is the ability to not only make decisions in the presence of contradictions, but also to explain why a decision was made, in particular if a decision deviates from what is expected by an inquirer who requests the explanation. In this paper, we examine this phenomenon, which has been extens...
Article
Full-text available
In this article, we present a design methodology for argumentation-based health information systems. With a focus on the application of formal argumentation, the methodology aims at eliciting requirements in regard to argumentation reasoning behavior, knowledge and user models, and business logic on levels below and above the argumentation layer. W...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This paper presents ongoing work on the implementation of the DiArg argumentation-based reasoning engine that focuses on automating sequential argumentation for inquiry and deliberation dialogues. The engine uses abstract argumentation in its core and implements a meta-layer to support argument context and enforce the consistency of inferences in c...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
In this paper, we present the Py-CIU library, a generic Python tool for applying the Contextual Importance and Utility (CIU) explainable machine learning method. CIU uses concepts from decision theory to explain a machine learning model's prediction specific to a given data point by investigating the importance and usefulness of individual features...
Chapter
A multitude of agent-oriented software engineering frameworks exist, most of which are developed by the academic multi-agent systems community. However, these frameworks often impose programming paradigms on their users that are challenging to learn for engineers who are used to modern high-level programming languages such as JavaScript and Python....
Chapter
Motivated by the apparent societal need to design complex autonomous systems whose decisions and actions are humanly intelligible, the study of explainable artificial intelligence, and with it, research on explainable autonomous agents has gained increased attention from the research community. One important objective of research on explainable age...
Chapter
Full-text available
Intelligent systems are becoming increasingly complex and pervade a broad range of application domains, including safety-critical systems such as e-health, finance, and energy management. Traditional approaches are no longer capable of addressing the demand for trust and transparency in these applications. Hence, the current decade is demanding int...
Preprint
Full-text available
This volume contains revised versions of the papers selected for the first volume of the Online Handbook of Argumentation for AI (OHAAI). Previously, formal theories of argument and argument interaction have been proposed and studied, and this has led to the more recent study of computational models of argument. Argumentation, as a field within art...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Intelligent systems are becoming increasingly complex and pervade a broad range of application domains, including safety-critical systems such as e-health, finance, and energy management. Traditional approaches are no longer capable of addressing the demand for trust and transparency in these applications. Hence, the current decade is demanding int...
Preprint
The Multi-Agent Oriented Programming (MAOP) paradigm provides abstractions to model and implements entities of agents, as well as of their organisations and environments. In recent years, researchers have started to explore the integration of MAOP and the resource-oriented web architecture (REST). This paper further advances this line of research b...
Conference Paper
Motivated by the apparent societal need to design complex autonomous systems whose decisions and actions are humanly intelligible, the study of explainable artificial intelligence, and with it, research on explainable autonomous agents has gained increased attention from the research community. One important objective of research on explainable age...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The communication between robots/agents and humans is a challenge, since humans are typically not capable of understanding the agent's state of mind. To overcome this challenge, this paper relies on recent advances in the domain of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to trace the decisions of the agents, increase the human's understandabilit...
Preprint
A multitude of agent-oriented software engineering frameworks exist, most of which are developed by the academic multi-agent systems community. However, these frameworks often impose programming paradigms on their users that are challenging to learn for engineers who are used to modern high-level programming languages such as JavaScript and Python....
Article
Full-text available
Information systems execute increasingly complex business processes, often across organizations. Blockchain technology has emerged as a potential facilitator of (semi)-autonomous cross-organizational business process execution; in particular, so-called consortium blockchains can be considered as promising enablers in this context, as they do not re...
Book
Full-text available
editor: Federico Castagna and Francesca Mosca and Jack Mumford and Stefan Sarkadi and Andreas Xydis
Preprint
argumentation has emerged as a method for non-monotonic reasoning that has gained tremendous traction in the symbolic artificial intelligence community. In the literature, the different approaches to abstract argumentation that were refined over the years are typically evaluated from a logics perspective; an analysis that is based on models of idea...
Conference Paper
The so-called Internet of Things is of increasing importance for facilitating productivity across industries, i.e., by connecting sensors with manufacturing lines and IT system landscapes with an increasing degree of autonomy. In this context, a common challenge is enabling reasonable trade-offs between structure and control on the one hand and fle...
Preprint
Full-text available
This paper presents an initial design concept and specification of a civilian Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) management simulation system that focuses on explainability for the human-in-the-loop control of semi-autonomous UAVs. The goal of the system is to facilitate the operator intervention in critical scenarios (e.g. avoid safety issues or financ...
Chapter
Typically, humans do not act purely rationally in the sense of classic economic theory. Different patterns of human actions have been identified that are not aligned with the traditional view of human actors as rational agents that act to maximize their own utility function. For instance, humans often act sympathetically – i.e., they choose actions...
Chapter
Full-text available
Identifying and resolving conflicts of interests is a key challenge when designing autonomous agents. For example, such conflicts often occur when complex information systems interact persuasively with humans and are in the future likely to arise in non-human agent-to-agent interaction. We introduce a theoretical framework for an empathic autonomou...
Preprint
Full-text available
To cope with increasingly complex business, political, and economic environments, agent-based simulations (ABS) have been proposed for modeling complex systems such as human societies, transport systems, and markets. ABS enable experts to assess the influence of ex-ogenous parameters (e.g., climate changes or stock market prices), as well as the im...
Chapter
To cope with increasingly complex business, political, and economic environments, agent-based simulations (ABS) have been proposed for modeling complex systems such as human societies, transport systems, and markets. ABS enable experts to assess the influence of exogenous parameters (e.g., climate changes or stock market prices), as well as the imp...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Robotic process automation (RPA) is an industry trend that describes the automation of business processes (or parts thereof) with the help of intelligent or pseudo-intelligent agents. In contrast to traditional business process automation, which aims for a seamless integration of traditional enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, RPA agents in...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The spread of radical opinions, facilitated by homophilic Internet communities (echo chambers), has become a threat to the stability of societies around the globe. The concept of choice architecture-the design of choice information for consumers with the goal of facilitating societally beneficial decisions-provides a promising (although not uncontr...
Preprint
Full-text available
Typically, humans do not act purely rationally in the sense of classic economic theory. Different patterns of human actions have been identified that are not aligned with the traditional view of human actors as rational agents that maximize their own utility. For instance, humans often act sympathetically-i.e., they choose actions that serve others...
Preprint
Full-text available
The spread of radical opinions, facilitated by homophilic Internet communities (echo chambers), has become a threat to the stability of societies around the globe. The concept of choice architecture-the design of choice information for consumers with the goal of facilitating societally beneficial decisions-provides a promising (although not uncontr...
Article
The continuous integration of software-intensive systems together with the ever-increasing computing power offer a breeding ground for intelligent agents and multi-agent systems (MAS) more than ever before. Over the past two decades, a wide variety of languages, models, techniques and methodologies have been proposed to engineer agents and MAS. Des...
Preprint
Full-text available
Identifying and resolving conflicts of interests is a key challenge when designing autonomous agents. For example, such conflicts often occur when complex information systems interact persuasively with humans and are in the future likely to arise in non-human agent-to-agent interaction. We introduce a theoretical framework for an empathic autonomou...
Chapter
Full-text available
In a previous publication, we introduced the core concepts of empathic agents as agents that use a combination of utility-based and rule-based approaches to resolve conflicts when interacting with other agents in their environment. In this work, we implement proof-of-concept prototypes of empathic agents with the multi-agent systems development fra...
Preprint
Full-text available
There is a multitude of agent-oriented software engineering frameworks available, most of them produced by the academic multi-agent systems community. However, these frameworks often impose programming paradigms on their users that are hard to learn for programmers who are used to modern high-level programming languages such as JavaScript and Pytho...
Preprint
Full-text available
In a previous publication, we introduced the core concepts of empathic agents as agents that use a combination of utility-based and rule-based approaches to resolve conflicts when interacting with other agents in their environment. In this work, we implement proof-of-concept prototypes of empathic agents with the multi-agent systems development fra...