Timo M KauppinenFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare | THL
Timo M Kauppinen
DSocSc
About
54
Publications
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1,369
Citations
Citations since 2017
Introduction
Timo M Kauppinen currently works in the Welfare State Research and Reform Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare.
Additional affiliations
August 2010 - June 2012
February 2007 - August 2016
December 1998 - January 2007
Publications
Publications (54)
In this study, we investigated the household income of families with children. Our specific interest was the earned income losses during the COVID‐19 pandemic, and how social transfers have mitigated those losses. We assessed the monthly income levels by comparing the information on the year prior to pandemic to income levels during COVID‐19 pandem...
We distinguish between the experience and expectation of subjective status decline in relation to electoral behaviour. Studies often link support for radical parties, especially radical right ones, to voters’ experience of status decline. A few other studies argue that voters’ expectation of status decline also triggers radical right support. Witho...
This report provides information on the association between socio-demographic properties of the residential area and parental substance abuse and out-of-home care of children. Administrative register data on all children born in Finland in 2002 and their bilogical parents is used and children are followed until their 18th birthday.
We study whether childhood neighbourhood context affects mental health in adolescence in Finland. We also examine heterogeneous effects by family background. By exploiting register data for 1999-2018, we use sibling fixed effects models to gain more robust evidence on the existence of neighbourhood effects. We do not find evidence of an association...
Households with children have been suggested to play a key role in ethnic residential segregation. One possible mechanism is that school district boundaries affect their segregation patterns, but direct evidence on this is scarce. This study investigates the role of school catchment areas for ethnic residential segregation among different types of...
Although much valuable research has been carried out on the patterns and determinants of immigrant distribution in residential space, nuanced longitudinal studies that focus on the interdependencies between housing and neighbourhood mobility are rare. In the current study, we examine the residential integration of immigrants in the Helsinki metropo...
Artikkelissa tarkastellaan, miten yhtäältä pienituloisuus ja toisaalta tulotason heikkeneminen heijastuvat eri puolueiden kannatukseen ja äänestysaktiivisuuteen vuosien 2011–2019 eduskuntavaaleissa. Tulokset osoittavat, että pienituloisuus on yhteydessä korkeampaan Vasemmistoliiton ja matalampaan Kokoomuksen kannatukseen. Pienituloisuuden yhteys
Pe...
Maiden sisäiset tuloerot ovat kasvaneet ja keskituloisten aseman on nähty heikentyneen useissa kehittyneissä maissa. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan keskituloisten ansiotulokehitystä 2000-luvun Suomessa ja tutkitaan riskitekijöitä, jotka ovat yhteydessä keskituloisten suhteellisen tuloaseman muuttumiseen. Etenkin yrittäjien ja teollisuustyöntekijöiden t...
Maahanmuuttajien asuinolojen ja alueellisen sijoittumisen erot maan syntyperäiseen väestöön nähden saattavat kertoa eroista taloudellisissa ja muissa resursseissa, kotoutumisen esteistä tai erilaisista preferensseistä asumisessa tai taloudellisten resurssien käytössä. Tässä artikkelissa esitetään kooste maahanmuuttajien asumista ja alueellista sijo...
The spatial concentration of immigrants in disadvantaged neighbourhoods may hinder their opportunities for social and economic integration. It is therefore important that immigrants can translate their available economic resources into mobility to less disadvantaged neighbourhoods. This study adds to existing research on the relationship between so...
Research on youth transitions often follows the lines of classic welfare state typologies. Thus, given the institutional similarities, the transition from youth to adulthood in the Nordic countries has often been considered a specific type of trajectory. However, little research exists on how country differences within the Nordic cluster shape youn...
Esitys alueellisen segregaation ja turvallisuuden yhteyksistä. Osiot: segregaation taustatekijöitä, segregaatiokehitys Suomessa, segregaatio ja turvallisuus.
Selective intraurban migration of ethnic groups is often assumed to be the main microlevel mechanism reproducing ethnic residential segregation. However, other demographic processes, such as natural change and international migration, also matter. This paper contributes to the literature by unravelling the impacts of different demographic processes...
In this report, we analyze urban social sustainability in the three largest city regions in Finland. We focus on the differentiation in housing conditions and on residential segregation by income and ethnicity in the 20 to 64 years old population. The aim is to provide a descriptive overview of basic tendencies in the regions and of differences bet...
This presentation contains selected findings, in English, from the Saikkonen et al. (2018) report, which presents analyses of income inequality, housing conditions, residential segregation and anti-segregation policies in the Helsinki, Turku and Tampere regions in Finland.
Social assistance benefits are the last resort in national social protection systems, and decentralizing reforms leading to increasing local discretion over implementation of national legislation was an international trend frequently referred to as devolution. More recent reforms have instead often implied recentralization and/or involved mandatory...
Early adulthood life courses have become diversified in recent decades, but little is known about how different dimensions of early life courses (i.e., education, labor market participation and family formation) co-evolve and are associated with parental background. This study describes the most typical joint labor market and family formation pathw...
Studies on post-World War II housing estates have largely focused on problematic neighbourhoods, and there is a scarcity of literature on housing estates across their entire social scale. Moreover, there is insufficient evidence on the extent to which tenure structure differentiates estates from each other in terms of social disorder. Using a large...
We analyze the intergenerational transmission of social disadvantages in the context of the Finnish welfare state. Previous research on intergenerational transmission has typically concentrated on educational attainment, income and social class as separate factors. Researchers commonly measure parental standing using single indicators that are very...
Early-adulthood transitions contribute to socioeconomic attainment, and these early-adulthood life courses are partly influenced by family background. Less is known about how parental background and early-adulthood transitions jointly determine chances of entering the most and the least affluent positions in society. Using a longitudinal, register-...
We analyse how the disadvantages that are associated with parental background, as measured using
multiple indicators, are related to the probability of a child completing secondary school by the age of
22. We measure family background by the parents’ relative income poverty, the social assistance that
they received, and their unemployment when thei...
Major social changes such as occupational restructuring, educational expansion and increasing income inequality are likely to significantly influence the intergenerational transmission of income. The aim in this article is to investigate this question in an analysis of the transmission of low and high income in Finland in five birth cohorts born be...
Labor-market outcomes depend on educational attainment, but parental background also plays a role. By applying sociological perspective to income and combining the classical intergenerational approach with a study of intragenerational mobility, we analyze the direct association between parental background and achieved labor-market outcomes. We focu...
This article investigates the relevance of spatial assimilation theory in Copenhagen, Helsinki, Oslo, and Stockholm. An important backdrop is the “Nordic model of welfare”: We assume that welfare generosity decreases the speed of spatial integration. The study uses non-Western immigrants as a target group and natives as a reference group. We regist...
The extent of homeownership among immigrants may be seen as an indicator of integration and as a determinant of ethnic residential segregation. Studies have shown differences in the determinants of homeownership between immigrants and natives, indicating that variation in homeownership is not only a function of differences in economic resources. Th...
This article contributes to research on the homeownership gap between immigrants and native-born residents in Western countries, extending earlier research using longitudinal data and studying a country with a short history of immigration. Discrete-time survival analysis and statistical decomposition are applied to compare the duration of entry to...
This study considered trends in the intergenerational transmission of social assistance (SA) among young adults in Finland, Norway and Sweden during the 2000s. Comparable administrative register data-sets enabled us to compare year by year the social assistance recipiency of 20-year-old adults in the period 1999–2008, together with information on t...
We analyse the determinants of social assistance receipt among young adults in three Nordic countries,
focusing on social-background and life-course events during early adulthood. We ask whether they are related differently to short-term and long-term receipt. Short-term poverty could be more individualized
than long-term poverty which can be expec...
Social assistance and other means tested benefits are the last resort in national social protection systems and variation in benefit receipt are in part a direct consequence of differences in means and needs. Variation may however also be related to local discretion over implementation of national legislation, implying inequality unintended by legi...
Welfare reform and benefit inequality
Social assistance schemes generally comprise the last resort in countries’ social protection systems, guaranteeing citizens help when they cannot support themselves and have exhausted other alternatives. The benefit’s means-tested character implies that variation in social assistance payments is foreseen by law...
In this study, we investigated if there has been a displacement in the type and coverage of welfare services available for young unemployed adults in Finland, Norway and Sweden over the last two decades. This question is important because a number of studies have argued that the generous unemployment benefits and extensive labour market interventio...
Entering adult life consists of several transitions that are related to finding a source of income, establishing an independent household and creating new family formations. This stage of ‘becoming’ entails a move from needing others to living as an autonomous and economically independent citizen (France, 2008; Smeeding and Philips, 2002). This key...
Studies consistently show that the Finnish educational system is one of the best in the world with only small variations in educational outcomes between pupils and schools. In this chapter, it is argued that these country level observations hide dramatic variations within the country: when educational outcomes are studied for the Helsinki Metropoli...
This study estimates the level of intergenerational transmission of income in Finland and assesses the contribution of parental and personal socioeconomic and demographic characteristics to this relationship. We used a longitudinal register-based data set covering two decades and selected cohorts born between 1973 and 1976 for analysis. The results...
National Institute for Health and Welfare Using the social assistance register we were able to study intergenerational correlations of social assistance recipiency in Finland and how the length of the observation window for identifying recipiency affects on the correlation coefficients. Parents' social assistance was observed in 1990, and that of t...
Experience of unemployment is known to predict poorer future success in the labour market. It is less well known how much this depends on the characteristics of the local social environment. This paper builds on the supposition that the unemployment rate in the neighbourhood modifies the social processes linking personal unemployment to later labou...
Studies of neighbourhood effects on educational attainment have generally found that such effects exist. However, two deficiencies are common in these studies: a lack of information on the mechanisms of neighbourhood effects and lack of information on multiple contexts. These deficiencies are addressed in this article by using school data to gain f...
The article studies to what extent regional socioeconomic and cultural characteristics explain spatial patterns in the Second Demographic Transition in Finland. The country’s 75 functional regions are used as area units. A summary indicator of the transition based on divorce and cohabitation is used as the dependent variable. The results show that...
Differences in immigrant economic trajectories have been attributed to a wide variety of factors. One of these is the local spatial context where immigrants reside. This spatial context assumes special salience in light of expanding public exposure to and scholarly interest in the potential impacts of spatial concentrations of immigrants. A crucial...
This paper contributes to the literature on obtaining unbiased estimates of neighborhood effects, explored in the context of a centralized social welfare state. We employ a longitudinal database comprised of all working age adults in metropolitan Sweden 1991-1999 to investigate the degree to which neighborhood income mix relates to subsequent labor...
There is substantial interest among policy makers in both Western Europe and North America in reducing concentrations of disadvantaged households through initiatives to enhance the ‘social mix’ of neighbourhoods. However, there is little consideration or understanding with regard to which mix of household characteristics matters most in influencing...
Research on neighborhood effects on youth educational outcomes has been mainly an American tradition. This study reviews the European evidence on this subject and brings new evidence, focusing on Helsinki, the capital of Finland. Register-based data and multi-level statistical analysis are used to assess the existence and form of neighborhood effec...
Studies have shown that living in more deprived neighbourhoods is related to higher mortality rates, independent of individual socioeconomic characteristics. One approach that contributes to understanding the processes underlying this association is to examine whether the relation is modified by the country context. In this study, the size of the a...
To assess the strength of the associations between neighbourhood characteristics and mortality, after adjusting for individual characteristics.
1990 census records of over 25 year old men in the Helsinki Metropolitan area linked to death records in 1991-1995; almost 1.22 million person years and 15 000 deaths. Individual characteristics were educat...
Finland has experienced a rapid increase inimmigration since the beginning of the 1990s.Almost half of the foreign population isconcentrated in the metropolitan area of thecapital, Helsinki. The development andexplanations of their settlement patterns havenot yet been thoroughly studied. It ishypothesised in this study that social housingcan explai...
Endast avhandlingens sammandrag. Pappersexemplaret av hela avhandlingen finns för läsesalsbruk i Statsvetenskapliga biblioteket (Unionsgatan 35). Dessa avhandlingar fjärrutlånas endast som microfiche. Abstract only. The paper copy of the whole thesis is available for reading room use at the Library of Social Sciences (Unioninkatu 35) . Microfiche c...
Projects
Project (1)
The research project Urbanization, Mobilities and Immigration (URMI) analyzes future of urbanization and its drivers, state-of-art and promotion of urban sustainability and resource efficiency, impact of urbanization to regions, and the impact of immigration on urbanization, especially in the largest urban regions in Finland. Mobilities and immigration are themes that go through all research themes. URMI conducts internationally recognized and significant scientific multidisciplinary research with innovative outcomes, substantial societal impact and policy relevance in Finland to respond to the programmatic questions of the Strategic Research Council call Urbanizing Society.
