Timo Homburg

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• Master of Science
• Researcher at University of Applied Sciences Mainz

GeoSPARQL is an important standard for the geospatial linked data community, given that it defines a vocabulary for representing geospatial data in RDF, defines an extension to SPARQL for processing geospatial data, and provides support for both qualitative and quantitative spatial reasoning. However, what the community is missing is a comprehensiv...

Motivated by the increased use of 3D acquisition of objects by cultural heritage institutions, we were investigating ontologies and metadata schemes for the acquisition process to provide details about the 3D capturing, which can be combined with preexisting ontologies describing an object. Therefore we divided the 3D capturing workflow into common...

In 2012 the Open Geospatial Consortium published GeoSPARQL defining ``an RDF/OWL ontology for [spatial] information'', ``SPARQL extension functions'' for performing spatial operations on RDF data and ``RIF rules'' defining entailments to be drawn from graph pattern matching. In the 8+ years since its publication, GeoSPARQL has become the most impor...

http://docs.ogc.org/wp/19-078r1/19-078r1.html The purpose of this document is to outline the benefits of representing geospatial data using semantic and graph technologies. It aims to provide motivation for OGC members to consider the publication of geospatial data using these technologies.

We present experiments on word segmentation for Akkadian cuneiform, an ancient writing system and a language used for about 3 millennia in the ancient Near East. To our best knowledge, this is the first study of this kind applied to either the Akkadian language or the cuneiform writing system. As a logosyllabic writing system, cuneiform structurall...

High-quality, typically administrative, geospatial data should adhere to established measurement and representation practices and be protected from malicious attacks. However, this kind of geospatial data may only be infrequently updated due to its often prolonged production process compared to a data source of volunteered geographic information su...

This publication describes PaleOrdia, a web application developed to visualize (cuneiform) paleographic sign variants in Wikidata and the data model developed in Wikidata to represent paleography. Modeling paleographic sign variants of (ancient) scripts in linked open data is a relatively new development. It will enable better descriptions of digit...

Big Data are currently having a profound impact on archaeological research. Traditional methodologies allow deep but arguably narrow interpretations. Quantitative computational analysis of Big Data combines traditional close reading of data with a sweeping 'bird's-eye' approach that can reveal hitherto unrecognised broader patterns and trends and p...

In the framework of the CUNE-IIIF-ORM project the aim is to train an Artificial Intelligence Optical Character Recognition (AI-OCR) model that can automatically locate and identify cuneiform signs on photorealistic representations of Old Babylonian texts (c. 2000–1600 B.C.E.). In order to train the model, c. 200 documentary clay tablets have been s...

This publication summarises the results gained in discussions of the Initiative for Digital Cuneiform Studies (IDCS) Workshop "Von analog zu digital. Konzeptionen der Keilschriftforschung im 21. Jahrhundert am Beispiel administrativer Urkunden" held at the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz on February 26th and 27th 2021. The workshop was initiat...

Motivated by the challenges of the Digital Ancient Near Eastern Studies (DANES) community, we develop digital tools for processing cuneiform script being a 3D script imprinted into clay tablets used for more than three millennia and at least eight major languages. It consists of thousands of characters that have changed over time and space. Photogr...

Motivated by the demands of Digital Assyriology and the challenges of detecting cuneiform signs, we propose a new approach using R-CNN architecture to classify and localize wedges. We utilize the 3D models of 1977 cuneiform tablets from the \emph{Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection} available as pen data. About 500 of these tablets have a transcrip...

This dataset, the Mainz Cuneiform Benchmark Dataset (MaiCuBeDa), contains annotations of cuneiform signs on renderings of 3D models of cuneiform tablets extracted from the HeiCuBeDa dataset and from flatbed scans of the same cuneiform tablets. In particular, this dataset provides image annotations using the W3C Web Annotation Data Model as well as...

Motivated by the challenges of the Digital Ancient Near Eastern Studies (DANES) community, we develop digital tools for processing cuneiform script being a 3D script imprinted into clay tablets used for more than three millennia and at least eight major languages. It consists of thousands of characters that have changed over time and space. Photogr...

We set out to determine the feasibility of implementing Discrete Global Grid System (DGGS) representations of geometry support in a GeoSPARQL-enabled triplestore, and test the GeoSPARQL compliance for it. The implementation is a variant of Apache Jena's existing GeoSPARQL support. Compliance is tested using an adapted implementation of the GeoSPARQ...

The dataset consists of 3D scans of one cuneiform tablet from Haft Tappeh Iran and one cuneiform tablet of the Hilprecht Collection as well as 3D annotations on these 3Dmeshes, including metadata. The 3D annotations were created with the annotation software Annotorious2 on 2D renderings and reprojected to the original 3D model. Therespective 2D ren...

In 2012 the Open Geospatial Consortium published GeoSPARQL defining “an RDF/OWL ontology for [spatial] information”, “SPARQL extension functions” for performing spatial operations on RDF data and “RIF rules” defining entailments to be drawn from graph pattern matching. In the 8+ years since its publication, GeoSPARQL has become the most important s...

This publication introduces PaleoCodage, a new machine-readable way to capture cuneiform paleographic shapes. Many different systems of listing and describing cuneiform signs exist, but none of the systems can be used to describe the shape, i.e. paleographic features of cuneiform signs. PaleoCodage aims to fill this missing link of description whic...

In 2012 the Open Geospatial Consortium published GeoSPARQL defining “SPARQL extension functions”, “RIF rules” and “an RDF/OWL ontology for [spatial] information”. In the 8+ years since its publication, GeoSPARQL has become the most important spatial Semantic Web standard, as judged by references to it in other Semantic Web standards and its wide us...

Geodesists work in Industry 4.0 and Spatial Information Management by using cross linked machines, people and data. Yet, one of the most popular technologies for interlinking data-Semantic Web technologies-have been largely absent from the geodesy community, because of the slow development of standards, a mandatory non-trivial conversion between ge...

Motivated by numerous discussions around the increasing use of research software in the field of archaeology, this article outlines the aspects for its review. The evaluation of software is a complex topic, since its field of application and development context has a considerable influence. In addition, there are many very different use cases, rang...

Checking the compliance of geospatial triplestores with the GeoSPARQL standard represents a crucial step for many users when selecting the appropriate storage solution. This publication presents the software which comprises the GeoSPARQL compliance benchmark – a benchmark which checks RDF triplestores for compliance with the requirements of the Geo...

We propose a series of tests that check for the compliance of RDF triplestores with the GeoSPARQL standard. The purpose of the benchmark is to test how many of the requirements outlined in the standard a tested system supports and to push triplestores forward in achieving a full GeoSPARQL compliance. This topic is of concern because the support of...

A continuing question in the geospatial community is the evaluation of fitness for use of map data for a variety of use cases. While data quality metrics and dimensions have been discussed broadly in the geospatial community and have been modelled in semantic web vocabularies, an ontological connection between use cases and data quality expressions...

We introduce an approach to semantically represent and query raster data in a Semantic Web graph. We extend the GeoSPARQL vocabulary and query language to support raster data as a new type of geospatial data. We define new filter functions and illustrate our approach using several use cases on real-world data sets. Finally, we describe a prototypic...

We introduce an approach to semantically represent and query raster data in a Semantic Web graph. We extend the GeoSPARQL vocabulary and query language to support raster data as a new type of geospatial data. We define new filter functions and illustrate our approach using several use cases on real-world data sets. Finally, we describe a prototypic...

Geodesists are working in Industry 4.0 and Spatial Information Management by using cross linked machines, people and data. Moreover, open source software, open geodata and open access are becoming increasingly important. As part of the Semantic Web, Linked Open Data (LOD) must be created and published in order to provide free open geodata in intero...

The poster discusses representing Ogham Stones as linked data and representing initial preliminary spatial and linguistic analysis on the Ogham stones locations and text contents

In this paper we present a new concept of geospatial quality assurance that is currently planned to be implemented in the German Federal Agency of Cartography and Geodesy. Linked open data is being enriched with Semantic Web data in order to create thematic maps relevant to the population. We evaluate the quality of such enriched maps using a stand...

In this publication we introduce a linked data powered application which assists users to find so-called Stolpersteine, stones commemorating Jewish victims of the second world war. We show the feasibility of a dedicated location based service as an app using linked data resources and evaluate this approach against local data sources gathered by com...

In this publication we introduce a linked data powered application which assists users to find so-called Stolpersteine, stones commemorating Jewish victims of the second world war. We show the feasibility of a dedicated location based service as an app using linked data resources and evaluate this approach against local data sources gathered by com...

This poster gives an overview on data quality assurance tools developed in the SemanticGIS project to evaluate data quality using a Semantic context.

Cuneiform characters have been described using various systems in the past and the varieties of systems used in the literature as well as in daily work varies from language to discipline. Commonly, sign lists Borger (1971, 2004), Deimel & Gössmann (1947), Rüster & Neu (1989) are created and published in the form of dictionaries in a non-machine-rea...

This publication proposes a best practice digital processing pipeline for cuneiform languages. The pipeline includes the following steps: 1. Annotation of cuneiform tablet 3D scans, 2. Creation of transliterations in ATF and using PaleoCodage to capture cuneiform character variants, 3. Conversion and then annotation of transliterations using TEI (s...

In this publication we present results of a comparative study of Wikidata and OpenStreetMap (OSM) in the area of Germany, Austria and Switzerland. We include metadata of OSM and Wikidata, compare the two datasets on an object-by-object basis and on equivalent properties as defined by the respective communities. Our results give an indication about...

This presentation, meant for a meeting of the W3C Spatial Data On The Web Interest Group discusses shortcomings in the GeoSPARQL query language which have been encountered in the SemanticGIS project. We give suggestions on how to improve the status quo by adding more query functions, literals and datatype definitions to the language.

This presentation shows efforts in the documentation of cuneiform tablets found in Haft Tappeh. It proposes a workflow to digitally document cuneiform tablets using semantic technologies so that they can be used by a variety of research communities. To this end the text annotation and processing strategy is described and set into perspective to a t...

Digitale Ortsverzeichnisse (Gazetteers) beinhalten Informationen über Orte sowie deren geographische Lage. Eine der grundlegendsten Aufgaben im Umgang mit solchen Ortsverzeichnissen ist die Suche nach Ortsnamen. Diese Suche kann sehr schwierig sein für Ortsnamen, die in verschiedenen Transliterations- oder Transkriptionsvarianten vorliegen, wie es...

In the context of disaster management, geospatial information plays a crucial role in the decision-making process to protect and save the population. Gathering a maximum of information from different sources to oversee the current situation is a complex task due to the diversity of data formats and structures. Although several approaches have been...

In this paper we present a new way to evaluate geospatial data quality using Semantic technologies. In contrast to non-semantic approaches to evaluate data quality, Semantic technologies allow us to model situations in which geospatial data may be used and to apply costumized geospatial data quality models using reasoning algorithms on a broad scal...

This poster presents a geographic information system based on the semantic technologies to integrate and manage heterogeneous geospatial data.

In this paper we present a new way to evaluate geospatial data quality using Semantic technologies. In contrast to non-semantic approaches to evaluate data quality, Semantic technologies allow us to model situations in which geospatial data may be used and to apply costumized geospatial data quality models using reasoning algorithms on a broad scal...

Einleitung und Motivation Semantische Extraktionsmechanismen (z.B. Topic Modelling) werden seit vielen Jahren im Bereich des Semantic Web und Natural Language Processings sowie in den Digital Humanities als Verfahren zur Visualisierung und automatischen Kategorisierung von Dokumenten eingesetzt. Oft ergeben sich durch den Einsatz neue Aspekte der I...

This poster explores preliminary work on map change prediction for OpenStreetMap data.

In this article we want to present an integrational approach of geospatial data into the semantic web in the context of the semantic GIS project. We first highlight the purpose and advantages of the integration and interpretation of data into the semantic web and further on describe the process of data acquisition, data interpretation, quality assu...

In this work we present efforts in automatic processing of Hittite Cuneiform texts. Firstly, efforts in developing a POSTagger for Hittite Cuneiform are presented and evaluated in order to make the way to an automated translation of Hittite cuneiform texts from its cuneiform representation as well as its transliteration representation. Secondly eff...

For several years, many researchers tried to semantically integrate geospatial datasets into the semantic web. Although, there are many general means of integrating interconnected relational datasets (e.g. R2RML), importing schema-less relational geospatial data remains a major challenge in the semantic web community. In our project SemGIS we face...

Introduction to the SemanticGIS project, its goals and progress on the German conference of geographical computer science organized by the German geographical computer science students association (KonGeos)

Description on how to interlink heterogenous spatial data using an interlinking ontology partially extracted from official INSPIRE XML schema data

The paper presents work on implementation of semantic technologies within a geospatial environment to provide a common base for further semantic interpretation. The work adds on the current works in similar areas where priorities are more on spatial data integration. We assert that having a common unified semantic view on heterogeneous datasets pro...

Digital Humanities nowadays gain more and more importance in analyzing texts in new and interesting ways. At the same time, Digital Humanities become recognized by more and more faculties. One example of the application of the Digital Humanities and of computer linguistics can be found in the field of Archaeology. For archaeologists, a decent way o...

Overview on word segmentation algorithms tested on Akkadian cuneiform

With our poster and the accompanying demo, we present current progress on the information-technological support for scholars and students of cuneiform. For a period of about 3000 years, cuneiform was the dominant writing system of the Ancient Near East, with a rich literary tradition in several languages, and an extensive amount of texts preserved...

A major problem in the research for new artificial intelligence methods for workflows is the evaluation. There is a lack of large evaluation corpora. Existing methods manually model workflows or use workflow extraction to automatically extract workflows from text. Both existing approaches have limitations. The manual modeling of workflows requires...

This Bachelor thesis describes the development of an Android based mobile application to monitor states of weather monitoring stations for the use of radioactive measurements in the «German National Metrological Service» (DWD). The use case of the application is the scenario of supporting services via mobile phone, which are on duty 24hours. In cas...