Tim Adams

Gonedau Foundation

Coastal fisheries in the South Pacific are reviewed, including descriptions of fisheries, catch composition, catch rates and fisheries biology studies conducted on target stocks. The most widely targeted coastal fish stocks are reef fishes and coastal pelagic fishes. The total coastal fisheries production from the region amounts to just over 100 00...

A method using homokaryotic mycelia to investigate the dissemination and deposition of viable spores of heterothallic basidiomycetes, is described and its application discussed.

A personal and very broad-brush retrospective on 30 years of change in Pacific Island coastal fisheries and artisanal aquaculture. Progress is assessed against several desirable directions that had been identified in the 1990s, paying particular attention to the role of the SPC Coastal Fisheries (and latterly Aquaculture) Programme.

The focus on flag States for the purpose of attributing fisheries catch is inconsistent with the assignment of sovereign rights to coastal States under international law and undermines equity in contemporary quota allocation negotiations. We propose modernizing reporting frameworks to include zone-based reporting of fish catches to more equitably p...

Climate-driven redistribution of tuna threatens to disrupt the economies of Pacific Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and sustainable management of the world’s largest tuna fishery. Here we show that by 2050, under a high greenhouse gas emissions scenario (RCP 8.5), the total biomass of three tuna species in the waters of ten Pacific SIDS could...

This paper is a review of potential interactions between Pacific Islands tuna fisheries interests and the ongoing UN negotiation to develop an additional Implementing Agreement under the Law of the Sea. This will provide a framework for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction and is...

The eight Pacific Island countries that are the Parties to the Nauru Agreement (Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu), together with Tokelau, manage the largest tuna fishery in the world. As a group, these Small Island Developing States have developed a system to mana...

Delineating the stock structure of highly-mobile, wide-ranging fishes subject to exploitation is a challenging task, yet one that is fundamental to optimal fisheries management. A case in point are stocks of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) in t...

The WCPFC South Pacific Albacore Stock Assessment finalised in August 2015 implies that the interim Target Reference Point agreed by the first Tokelau Arrangement Meeting in May 2015 needs to be amended if it is to achieve the same agreed objective for the fishery. The scientific advice arising from the 2015 Stock Assessment, and from the additiona...

The Tokelau Arrangement for the Management of the South Pacific Albacore Fishery came into effect on 14th December 2014, 14 days after the fifth signature was recorded on 30th November 2014. The signatories of the Arrangement are listed, and the text of the Arrangement itself is appended

The first draft of a potential Catch Management Scheme to implement certain matters agreed under the heading of the Tokelau Arrangement is explained and attached.

Working and Information papers to the 11th WCPFC SC meeting are summarised and implications for the management of tuna and associated fish stocks by FFA member countries are assessed. Potential decision and follow-up actions are proposed for discussion.

Consensus regional priorities for engagement by FFA member countries in the 12th Meeting of the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission, proposed by the 93rd Official FFC meeting are laid out for discussion by Fisheries Ministers with a view to providing direction to the 11th FFA Management Options Consultation for the development of propo...

Potential fisheries implications of the forthcoming UN Small Island Developing States Conference are presented for discussion by Ministers and guidance to fisheries officials attending the Conference, and a draft "Statement to the SIDS Conference on behalf of Fisheries Ministers of PSIDS" is proposed.

The SPC Oceanic Fisheries Programme has recently compiled an informal set of purse-seine catch and effort data stratified into associated (FAD/floating object) and non-associated (free school) sets, by zone, and by species. SPC notes that this dataset has been generated using 1x1 degree squares approximated to EEZs. But it should give a reasonable...

This chapter sets the scene for this book by describing the physical, biological and social diversity of the tropical Pacific; the demography of the region; the nature of local economies and limitations to economic development; and the importance of oceanic, coastal and freshwater fisheries and aquaculture to economic development and government rev...

Commercial tuna fisheries are a major contributor to revenue and national economic development, while coastal fisheries are a major source of national food security and rural income. Although reliable overview estimates are difficult to come by, it is likely that oceanic fisheries and coastal fisheries are currently approximately equivalent in econ...

This report summarises what the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) knows about fisheries in the Pitcairn Exclusive Economic Zone, both tuna and coastal. It goes on to discuss potential development prospects, and other fishery-related issues that may need to be taken into account. SPC has done fisheries work for Pitcairn on several occasions...

This paper is a very brief overview of the deepwater snapper fishery in the insular Pacific, based on information available to the Secretariat of the Pacific Community. The appendix table is drawn from a paper by Lindsay Chapman on the status of fisheries development in the Pacific Community region to be published in a compendium of information dra...

This paper discursively and frankly addresses issues of fisheries with respect to turtles in the Pacific Islands region, and the role of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community.

With increasing interest by foreign companies in setting up live reef food fish operations in Fiji Islands, the Fiji Fisheries Department decided to ask the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) to assist them in assessing the potential stock for such operations and set up guidelines for developing and managing a sustainable trade for Fiji. a...

New Caledonia lies on the edge of the tropics 1500 km east of Australia. Its total land covers 19,100 km2, though its EEZ and territorial waters extend to over 1,450,000 km2. The main island, Grande Terre, is surrounded by a barrier reef 1100 km in length enclosing a lagoon approximately 23,400 km2 in area and up to 50 m deep. The coral reefs aroun...

This is the report of a workshop and panel discussion convened under the International Coral Reef Initiative at the Headquarters of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community in Noumea, New Caledonia in 2000. The workshop concentrated on identifying and discussing topical issues and priorities in the management of coral reef fisheries in the Pacific...

Compared to fishing, aquaculture is currently of little commercial significance in the insular Pacific with one important exception – black pearl farming, and this is virtually confined to eastern Polynesia. Elsewhere in the Pacific considerable development is needed before aquaculture can be considered economically sustainable. Shrimp (Penaeus spp...

The meanings of the word "biodiversity" are discussed, as they relate to aquatic resource management, and the "metascience of biodiversitology" is defined as one of the disciplines contributing to the higher-order aim of ecosystem governance. The Pacific island institutional bases for aquatic governance are very briefly described, and the lack of c...

The interactions between government and community in the management of reef and lagoon fisheries in the Pacific Islands region are described, and recommendations made concerning the types of interaction that are most constructive, and which should be encouraged in future. The argument is illustrated with three examples of positive government-commun...

The problems that are unique to small islands are often problems of scale. Small island developing nations are usually too small to be able to develop the requisite specialized human resources and institutions within the time-scales demanded by development projects and externally funded cooperation initiatives and may be too small to ever sustain t...

It is difficult to determine the status of fisheries on Pacific Islands coral reefs. The region is economically undeveloped, sparsely populated and its coral reefs are scattered over a vast area. Resultant constraints on monitoring and investigation mean that quantitative information is rare. The few available quantitative indicators are summarised...

Subsistence fishing on coral reef organisms has persisted in the South Pacific for several millennia. Human population densities in some locations were higher prior to European contact and thus subsistence fisheries harvests were probably greater than at present and could have significant impacts on near shore sedentary resources such as molluscs....

The term fisheries governance, in the context of this review, is a particular type of fisheries management which, to paraphrase Nauen (1995), acknowledges the importance of societal interaction, reciprocity between government and governed, and the normalisation of only those rules meeting a high degree of social consensus. For example, it sidesteps...

Alternative goals in tropical reef fisheries management include main tenance of similar total catch levels, but with a changed, or changing, balance of species; maintenance of a long-term cumulative catch via a series of short-term fluctuations; prevention of serious damage to stocks; avoidance of conflicts over resource use; or simply prevention o...

The basic conclusion of this review is that artisanal fisheries in the Pacific Islands in general do not appear to generate severe biodiversity problems when compared with the problems caused by terrestrial ecosystem users, particularly their impacts on avifauna (see Flint, this volume). The impacts of the artisanal fishing community on aquatic bio...

The inaugural issue of Pacific Conservation Biology - A journal devoted to conservation and land management in the Pacific region contained some discussion of conflict between indigenous and Eurocentric attitudes to conservation. Ironically, a major conflict between indigenous and Eurocentric attitudes is illustrated by the secondary title of the j...

Three methods of estimating the size of a population of benthic invertebrates:strip transect, Petersen mark-recapture and simple change-in-ratio (for different size-classes) - were tested in conjunction with a Cook Islands atoll Trochus niloticus fishery, in order to assess relative precision for an approximately equivalent, and realistic, level of...

Development of the fishery for deep-water snappers on the outer reef slopes of Fiji's many islands and reefs has occurred rapidly since 1985, mainly to supply export markets with air-freighted chilled fish at premium prices. This rapid expansion, combined with the susceptibility of these valuable demersal fisheries to over-exploitation and continue...

As will be apparent from other contributions to this Symposium volume, sexual and vegetative development within species of higher fungi (Ascornycotina and Basidiomycotina) are affected by two distinct types of incompatibility which serve contrasting, but complementary roles. Homogenic incompatibility (which more logically ought to be called heterog...

PhD Thesis - University of Exeter, 1982. Piptoporus betulinus is a wood-rotting basidiomycete found on dead birch trees, and is very common in Britain, fruiting in the latter part of the year. Some aspects of its epidemiology were investigated with the conclusion that P.betulinus pathogenicity is not a restrictive influence on the growth of birch....

Recent reports indicate that adjacent dikaryons of the wood-decaying basidiomycete, Coriolus versicolor (L. ex Fr.) Quel., are separated genetically and physiologically within the natural substrate by intraspecific antagonism (Rayner & Todd, 1977; Todd & Rayner, 1978). This individualistic behaviour (Todd & Rayner, 1980) is in apparent contrast to...

Apart from Papua New Guinea, the Pacific Islands are not set on continental shelves. Outer reef slopes quickly give way to the abyss and the area available for inshore fishing is thus limited. Even so, counting the potential local market value of subsistence fisheries, the Pacific Islands produce around US$250,000,000 worth of fish and invertebrate...