Thomas Schlegel

Hochschule Furtwangen University (HFU) · Instituts for Intelligent Interactive Ubiquitous Systems (IIIUS)

In collocated collaboration, group members frequently compare, discuss, and decide on ideas or partial solutions to reach an overall goal. To facilitate comparison, documentation as well as votes of the outcomes of such discussions, we apply mobile phones using mobile device-based interaction techniques. Such interaction techniques provide eyes-fre...

Walking and cycling as active mobility have often been forgotten in research and planning in sub-Saharan Africa and only in recent years national and local authorities as well as international agencies are putting more effort on this topic. There are efforts to develop walking and cycling policies and infrastructure in cities like Nairobi and Kampa...

The communication of information is an important component of public transport. New designs for interactive displays integrated into public transport vehicles, called SmartWindow1, are being developed and implemented. In this paper, we conduct a laboratory user study evaluating the information communication in cases of disruptions. The user study f...

In this paper, we present an eye tracking study evaluating the effects of visual versus visual and auditory navigation instructions on the gaze behavior of cyclists. One group received purely visual navigation instructions via a smartphone on the handlebars to complete the route, while the other group additionally received auditory navigation instr...

In smart manufacturing, automatically detecting and controlling a situation becomes more and more important. During a production, a variety of machine errors and failures may occur. In order to take further measures and decisions, context information is important to understand the situation and to identify the need for action. Context information e...

The digitization and optimization of processes in the industry 4.0, especially in the context of assembly, is becoming more and more important. To improve the link between digital information and production technology is an essential step in the digitization effort, specifically for assembly. In this context, the connection of the real and virtual...

In the development and research of IT-supported systems, the user is increasingly in the center of attention. Therefore, we investigated the approach of how beneficial it would be to use tangibles (physical objects) as an interaction option for the user at an assemble workstation. For this purpose, we designed an augmented reality concept for the u...

The use of new technologies for the control and presentation of information is being researched in many areas. In addition to the usual, widely widespread methods of touch input or the classic buttons, there are many other forms of interaction. Thanks to the constant progress of technology, new possibilities appeared the use of which is being resea...

The planning and implementation of public transport involves many data sources. These data sources in turn generate a high volume of data, in a wide variety of formats and data rates. This phenomenon is reinforced by the ongoing digitization of public transport; new data sources have continuously emerged in public transport in recent years and deca...

In the last ten years, various automated machine learning (AutoML) systems have been proposed to build end-to-end machine learning (ML) pipelines with minimal human interaction. Even though such automatically synthesized ML pipelines are able to achieve a competitive performance, recent studies have shown that users do not trust models constructed...

Shared e-scooters could improve the sustainability of traffic by being an incentive to switch to public transportation and simultaneously being a potential first- and last mile-solution. Currently, it is not clear whether e-scooter sharing is a positive addition or an additional burden for urban traffic. This work evaluates the usage of shared e-sc...

Introduction:In the SmartMMI (https://smartmmi.de/project/) project we combine a smart public transport data platform, a mobile application and a SmartWindow implemented in a public transport enabling the use of contextaware passenger information. Prior we evaluated the prototypes of our mobile application based on the method of paper prototypes us...

In 2020, the world have seen a global spread of the corona virus. Various measures were undertaken to slow down the spread so that the national healthcare systems will be able to treat infected people. This included lockdowns and restrictions of before common activities of public life such as visiting relatives, going to cinemas and theaters or eve...

To better understand users and their information demands, it is useful to divide them into user groups. These user groups can be assigned characteristics and mobility preferences. With the help of these parameters, the individual user can be better addressed. In this work a user model was created for the commuter and validated with mobility data. B...

Hintergrund: Menschen mit leichten bis mittelschwere Allergien des atopischen Formenkreises (wie Heuschnupfen, allergisches Asthma, Neurodermitis) stehen eine Reihe wirksamer, rezeptfreier Therapien zur Verfügung, trotzdem sind sie häufig nicht ausreichend therapiert, vielfach ohne ärztliche Behandlung und perspektivisch von einer Verschlimmerung i...

Hintergrund: Auch wenn digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen in Prävention und Versorgung etabliert sind, werden Nutzerbedürfnisse, die Co-Produktion von Gesundheit sowie die Evidenzbasierung vielfach nicht berücksichtigt. Als Teil der Entwicklung einer digitalen Intervention für allergiespezifische Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) bei Erwachsenen wurden beglei...

In 2020, the world have seen a global spread of the corona virus. Various measures were undertaken to slow down the spread so that the national healthcare systems will be able to treat infected people. This included lockdowns and restrictions of before common activities of public life such as visiting relatives , going to cinemas and theaters or ev...

To better understand users and their information demands, it is useful to divide them into user groups. These user groups can be assigned characteristics and mobility preferences. With the help of these parameters, the individual user can be better addressed. In this work a user model was created for the commuter and validated with mobility data. B...

The use of augmented reality is becoming more and more commonplace. Whether via smartphone apps, on television or while driving a car, almost everyone has already encountered this technology more or less knowingly. In this paper, we investigate to what extent Augmented Reality (AR) can be used profitably in public transport, especially on semi-tran...

E-scooters are a comparatively new means of transportation. At the same time, it is considered more dangerous than established means of transport such as bicycles. To find out more about the traffic behavior of e-scooter riders, we investigate the performance of shoulder glances. To do this, we first had to define when a turning over the shoulder w...

Moderne Smartphones sind mit einer Vielzahl hochempfindlicher Sensoren ausgestattet und verfügen über hohe Rechenkapazitäten. Diese Tatsache ermöglicht es die mobilen Geräte für eine große Anzahl mobiler Anwendungen einzusetzen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit kommt das Smartphone in Kombination mit dem Fahrrad zu Einsatz. Es werden sowohl Positionierungss...

Zusammenfassung Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (MCI) beschäftigt sich mit Fragen rund um die benutzer- und kontextegerechte Gestaltung von IT-Systemen. Ohne MCI ist die vielbeschworene digitale Transformation nicht möglich, da Systeme, die nicht benutzbar (gebrauchstauglich) sind, für ihre Nutzer wertlos oder sogar gefährlich sind – erst Nutzbarkeit s...

Digitisation has established itself as the change maker par excellence in business, science and society. Infrastructures, working methods and skills are at the forefront of many debates and increasingly determine the future viability of entire industries. We have obviously embraced the permanent change with increasing acceleration. But: Where is th...

The evaluation of people’s mobility is crucial for understanding traffic, traffic security and the effects of traffic planning. In this paper, we present our toolbox for analyzing and evaluating aspects of different mobility modes. Some of these tools support the participation of road users in the analysis. The tools either can be applied to implem...

In collocated collaboration, applied methods and technologies to support the collaboration process mainly comprise either analog paper and pen methods, large display applications or the usage of several laptops. Whereas paper and pen are easy to use, they impair the digital documentation and further editing. Large displays are expensive, stationary...

Beside designing the graphical interface of mobile applications, mobile phones and their built-in sensors enable various possibilities to engage with digital content in a physical, device-based manner that move beyond the screen content. So-called mobile device-based interactions are characterized by device movements and positions as well as user a...

In mixed-focus collaboration, group members create content both individually as a kind of groundwork for discussion and further processing as well as directly together in group work sessions. In case of individual creation, separate documents and contents need to be merged to receive an overall solution. In our work, we focus on mixed-focus collabo...

Various built-in sensors enable interacting with mobile devices beyond the screen. So-called mobile device-based interaction techniques are characterized by movements and positions in real space, e.g. twisting the device to switch between front and rear camera or pouring photos from one device into another for sharing. Although interactions should...

Beside designing the graphical interface of mobile applications, mobile phones and their built-in sensors enable various possibilities to engage with digital content in a physical, device-based manner that move beyond the screen content. So-called mobile device-based interactions are characterized by device movements and positions as well as user a...

Passengers in public transport expect passenger information to be exact, timely and appropriate to their situation. Therefore, future passenger information systems should adapt to the passenger’s context as precisely as possible. In this paper, we present a context model and describe our architecture for an adaptive, multi-device passenger informat...

User studies to evaluate public transport systems are often hard to set up. While field tests provide important insight into real-world usability of public transport systems, they are also complex and expensive. Especially in early development stages of public transport related systems, field tests are not appropriate. However, usability of public...

Adaptive passenger information for an enhanced mobility experience may be the next step towards a smart public transport. In our research project, we have developed a multi-device evaluation approach for adaptive passenger information systems of mobile public displays. An adaptive passenger information system needs to be aware of the passenger’s co...

It is getting more and more important to enable stakeholders from different backgrounds to collaborate efficiently on joint projects. Physical models provide a better understanding of spatial relationships while using video mapping of suitable visualizations enables a meaningful enrichment of information. We therefore developed a demonstrator using...

Car drivers constantly have to assess and evaluate conflict situations in traffic. Current technology used in autonomous vehicles to detect dangerous traffic situations is not as safe as decisions made by human drivers. We analyzed the behavior of drivers in conflict situations in a real-life study. We used head mounted eyetracking glasses and a pu...

Kurzfassung Im Internet der Dinge sind Prozesse, durch den ständig wechselnden und nicht kontrollierbaren realen Ausführungskontext, unweigerlich mit a priori unbekannten Eingangsgrößen konfrontiert. Das Forschungsprojekt RESPOND untersucht daher Methoden und Werkzeuge zur Modellierung und Ausführung von resilienten Prozessen im Internet der Dinge,...

Shoulder surfing, also known as visual hacking, is the activity of obtaining information from or about others by observing visual content of displays that actually should be kept secret, such as PINs, passwords, or private text messages. Approaches that address shoulder surfing on mobile devices mainly focus on ways to recognize observers or to com...

Public transport plays an essential role in sustainable urban mobility. The increasing availability of public transport data and the dissemination of interactive devices in the public and in public transport specifically provide a basis for smart mobility systems. Urban mobility is characterized by rapid context changes and a very personalized and...

During discussions in collocated work it is necessary to vote for results or to rate them to reach an agreement and continue working. To ensure impartiality and to avoid social embarrassment, the assessment should then be performed anonymously in so far as other groups members should not see directly how a person votes or rates. With a growing numb...

The aim of this paper is to test the suitability of a smart traffic light request button, equipped with a contactless pedestrian detection and a green time extension for certain target groups. Within a preliminary analysis the primary factors hygiene, usability and comfort are considered. Based on this groundwork, a concept of a smart traffic light...

Beside traditional multitouch input, mobile devices provide various possibilities to interact in a physical, device-based manner due to their built-in hardware. Applying such interaction techniques allows for sharing content easily, e.g. by literally pouring content from one device into another, or accessing device functions quickly, e.g. by facing...

Public displays are increasingly used in public transport to present information such as departure and arrival times or network maps. Since this information is displayed generically, users often have problems to find the specific information they need. We propose context-aware visualizations on public displays to support passengers by improving per...

This paper introduces an approach for monitoring cycleway conditions by collecting crowdsourced data from mobile devices. To collect the data, an application was developed and optimized to be used by many cyclists. The application uses acceleration and gyroscopic sensors to collect and upload road roughness data into a classification platform. A cl...

Adaptive passenger information for enhanced mobility experience may be the next step towards a smart public transport. In our research project, we explored adaptive passenger information and investigated options to increase the intelligibility of adaptive features. We set up an online questionnaire to study the acceptance of adaptivity in public tr...

Business models are important of both start-ups and established companies because they form the basis for a company's success by providing key factors of a company. There are several ways to create and document ideating business models. We describe MobiLean, a mobile application for the collaborative creation of Business Model Canvases (BMC) using...

Interaction designers for mobile phones mainly focus on displays but have only little knowledge about sensor characteristics. Beside multitouch input, mobile devices provide versatile possibilities to interact in a physical, device-based manner due to their built-in hardware. Even though such interactions may provide many advantages in everyday lif...

Während Online-Shopping die Customer Experience beispielsweise mit Recommendersystemen weiter optimiert, stecken digitale und interaktive Ansätze für den stationären Handel noch in den Kinderschuhen – verbunden mit entsprechenden Problemen, mit Internethändlern mitzuhalten und Mehrwerte durch den physischen Einkauf ins Feld zu führen. Eigene Mobilg...

Collaboration is essential in both the working and the learning context. Although there is a wide range of collaboration tools and technology, they mostly focus on one specific application and thus are seldom reusable for other domains. To provide reusable solutions, it seems to be reasonable to develop not for one explicit application but for recu...

In this paper, we contribute an eye tracking study conducted with pedestrians and cyclists. We apply a visual analytics-based method to inspect pedestrians' and cyclists' gaze behavior as well as video recordings and accelerometer data. This method using multi-modal data allows us to explore patterns and extract common eye movement strategies. Our...

In this paper, we contribute an eye tracking study conducted with pedestrians and cyclists. We apply a visual analytics-based method to inspect pedestrians' and cyclists' gaze behavior as well as video recordings and accelerometer data. This method using multi-modal data allows us to explore patterns and extract common eye movement strategies. Our...

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) represent a new class of information system that also takes real-world data and effects into account. Software-controlled sensors, actuators and smart objects enable a close coupling of the cyber and physical worlds. Introducing processes into CPS to automate repetitive tasks promises advantages regarding resource utili...

The classical participation approach in mobility research and urban planning in Germany involves panels, discussions and workshops. Those are mainly targeted towards local residents of urban districts and typically have a homogeneous, older audience. A big part of the relevant demographic cannot be reached using these participation instruments. Add...

Zusammenfassung Während Online-Shopping die Customer Experience beispielsweise mit Recommendersystemen weiter optimiert, stecken digitale und interaktive Ansätze für den stationären Handel noch in den Kinderschuhen – verbunden mit entsprechenden Problemen, mit Internethändlern mitzuhalten und Mehrwerte durch den physischen Einkauf ins Feld zu führe...

Soziale Netzwerke wie Facebook, Twitter oder XING spielen im Alltag bereits eine wichtige Rolle. Durch den Einsatz mobiler Endgeräte wird deren Nutzung zudem allgegenwärtig. Diese Gegebenheit kann sich der ÖPV zu Nutze machen. Nicht nur junge Fahrgäste, sondern auch Geschäftsleute und andere Nutzergruppen lassen sich durch die Bandbreite existieren...

Within the Internet of Things software controlled sensors, actuators and smart objects enable a close coupling of the cyber and physical worlds. Introducing workflows into these cyber-physical systems (CPS) promises advantages regarding automation, resource utilization and flexibility of control systems. In this work, we present PROtEUS–an integrat...

Although one advantage of collocated collaboration is to work and discuss directly, some aspects have to be treated anonymously. For example, voting for partial solutions sometimes needs to be performed anonymously to enable unbiased ratings. We provide device-based interactions for voting anonymously in collocated settings using mobile devices. Si...

Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) connect the virtual world of software and services with the real world of humans, objects and things. Sensors and actuators enable the detection and manipulation of physical and virtual properties. However, ubiquitous access for controlling and monitoring of all CPS components is a major challenge due to the complexity...

The goal of ubiquitous computing, as first envisioned by Mark Weiser and afterwards pursued and developed by Gregory D. Abowd and Elizabeth D. Mynatt among many others, is to provide the computing service the user needs in the situation, place and configuration she needs it [23, 1]. Human-Computer Interaction in ubiquitous systems should therefore...

We present PROtEUS--a context-adaptive workflow engine for smart environments. To cope with the heterogeneity and dynamic nature of ubiquitous systems, PROtEUS extends existing workflow engines by introducing dynamic sensor event streams, IoT services and humans as first class citizens. These resources can be selected at runtime based on their capa...

In collocated collaborative work, group members typi-cally create, edit and share content to perform specific tasks. Working digitally, e.g. with mobile devices, facili-tates the further processing. However, direct communi-cation plays a decisive role. Since some tasks have to be split to be worked on, individual results have to be discussed and me...

Internet of Things-aware process execution imposes new requirements on process modeling that are outside the scope of current modeling languages. Internet of Things (IoT) devices may vanish, appear or stay unknown during process execution, which renders process resource allocation at design time infeasible. Devices' capabilities are often only avai...

In collocated collaborative creativity work, such as mind mapping or other brainstorming sessions, a group of persons has to solve different tasks as well as discuss and decide on one of the various proposed solutions at the same place. Since mobile devices are increasingly used in collaborative work, these tasks also can be performed digitally. Th...

Internet of Things-aware process execution imposes new requirements on process modeling, that are outside the scope of current modeling languages. Internet of Things (IoT) devices may vanish, appear or stay unknown during process execution. Therefore, design time process resource allocation is not feasible. Additionally, device capabilities are onl...

Currently, small domestic service robots are on the verge of becoming a mass product for assisting end customers with everyday tasks. Despite open programming interfaces provided by robot manufacturers, many different robot systems exist that have to be programmed individually due to technical differences. The Robot Operating System (ROS) helps allev...

Ubiquitous systems introduce a new quality of interaction both into our lives and into software engineering. Software becomes increasingly dynamic, requiring frequent changes to system structures, distribution and behaviour. The constant adaptation to new user needs and contexts as well as new modalities, components, and communication channels make...

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are networks of a large number and variety of components. Sensors, actuators and software create a closed feedback loop between the physical and the cyber world. Current process execution systems mostly focus on web-based workflow applications and are not directly compatible with CPS environments. Especially the process...

Ubiquitäre Systeme gehen mit innovativen Design- und Interaktionskonzepten einher. Um die Nutzerakzeptanz solcher Konzepte zu erhöhen und sicherzustellen, ist es notwendig, diese bereits in frühen Entwicklungsstadien zu testen und zu evaluieren. Gleichzeitig kann durch frühzeitige Tests die Realisierbarkeit der Konzepte überprüft werden. Rapid Prot...

With the advent of linked data sources, transportation information systems are no longer limited to indicating how to get from one location to another. They can suggest where to go shopping on the way or plan several synchronized itineraries for groups of travelers. Along with these developments, information about stopovers evolves from mere additi...

Ubiquitous systems provide users with various possibilities of interacting with applications and components using different modalities and devices. To offer the most appropriate mode of interaction in a given context, various types of sensors are combined to create interactive applications. Thus, the need for integrated development and evaluation o...

In this work, the authors combine the field of cloud computing with assisted living to improve activity classifica- tion. The proposed system addresses the challenge of enabling heterogeneous, cloud-based sensors in domestic environments. With a semantic and model-based approach, the authors seamlessly integrate web services as virtual sensors and,...

Public displays serve as an ubiquitous source of information in public space. In context of public transport information systems, they commonly advice impersonal departure and arrival timetables. Since most displayed information is very generic, users often have problems to find the speci fic information they need. We propose an approach for contex...

The public transport domain generates large amounts of structured data. Making that information available on the Web of Data and linking it to other data sources can enable new services and applications for the benefit of passengers as well as public transport providers. Most standard data models in the public transport domain lack explicit semanti...