Thomas J. Lyimo

• University of Dar es Salaam

Climate change-induced ocean warming is expected to greatly affect carbon dynamics and sequestration in vegetated shallow waters, especially in the upper subtidal where water temperatures may fluctuate considerably and can reach high levels at low tides. This might alter the greenhouse gas balance and significantly reduce the carbon sink potential...

The current study assessed the occurrence of the Vibrio cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 in environmental samples along salinity gradients in three selected estuaries of Tanzania both through culture independent methods and by cultured bacteria. Occurrence of V. cholerae was determined by PCR targeting the V. cholerae outer membrane protein gene omp...

The bacterium causing cholera, Vibrio cholerae, is a marine organism and coastal waters are important reservoirs of the organism. There are more than 200 serogroups of V. cholerae, of which serogroups O1 and O139 are known to be the causative agent of the cholera. The main virulent factor in V. cholerae is cholera toxin gene (ctx) that is found fro...

The bacterium causing cholera, Vibrio cholerae, is essentially a marine organism and its ecological dynamics have been linked to oceanographic conditions and climate. We used autoregressive models with external inputs to identify potential relationships between the number of cholera cases in the coastal regions of mainland Tanzania with climatic an...

Seagrasses are photoautotrophic, ecologically important components of many globally widespread coastal ecosystems, in which combined nitrogen may limit their production. We examined the biodiversity and diazotrophic capacity of microbial epiphytes associated with the phyllosphere of the seagrass Cymodocea rotundata of the Western Indian Ocean. Ligh...

Coastal communities of Tanzania use natural water systems such as rivers, estuaries and 64 marine for various activities like drinking, fishing, washing and bathing. However, there is scanty information on the safety for these water bodies for the various uses. In this study faecal indicator bacteria were assessed in three sites along the coast of...

The shallow-water seascape of Chwaka Bay consists of diverse habitats including coral reefs, sand/mud flats, algal belts and mangrove forests, but the embayment is primarily characterized by its widespread and highly productive seagrass beds. The Bay is a unique seagrass diversity “hotspot”, with eleven species observed, from small, fast-growing an...

During recent decades, the serious challenges that the planet is facing in terms of population growth, ecosystem damage and changes in flows of good and services call for novel ways to direct research so that it can be useful for promoting sustain-ability. The integration of different disciplines is much needed when tackling such challenges. At thi...

To evaluate the effects of Ulva on the photosynthetic capacities of the temperate seagrass Zostera marina, we compared it in the laboratory under normal light and light filtered through layers of Ulva intestinalis, and repeated the experiments with the addition of pH-induced changes in carbon speciation and availability. One thallus of Ulva reduced...

In order to determine the influence of flow velocity on the removal of faecal coliforms (FC) in constructed wetlands (CWs), removal rate constants of FC (k(FC)) were studied at various flow velocities (u). Membrane filtration technique was used during analysis. Values of k(FC) were determined using Reed's equation of pathogen removal; the results w...

This article describes the laboratory findings of the short-term effects of three herbicides on the tropical seagrass Thalassodendron ciliatum. For three days T. ciliatum was exposed to Diuron, Fusillade (Forte) and 2, 4-D amine, either individually or in combination. The toxic effects were investigated by measuring the effective quantum yield thro...

The filamentous heterocystous cyanobacterium, Richelia intracellularis Schmidt have been suggested to be among the most important nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria in tropical and subtropical waters, but they are less studied in the tropical Western Indian Ocean waters. The spatial and temporal distribution of this cyanobacterium was studied in the coa...

The sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla is the most well-known seagrass grazer in the Western Indian Ocean and a few cases of overgrazing have been reported. However, few studies on their feeding preference have been performed in this region. In this study, the food items in the gut contents of T. gratilla collected from seagrass beds and in a bare sed...

This article is based on a study that investigated community awareness on the problem of water pollution and established its relationship to socio-economic development in urban Tanzania, with a focus on a case study of Ilala Municipality in Dar es Salaam region. A sample of 160 respondents (men and women) from Tabata and Kiwalani wards in Ilala dis...

Seasonal, diurnal, and age-dependent variations in nitrogen fixation (nitrogenase activity) by epiphytic diazotrophs colonizing the seagrasses Halodule uninervis, Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassodendron ciliatum, and Thalassia hemprichii, and by epibenthic diazotrophs associated with seagrass-vegetated and nonvegetated sediments, were estimated at 2 s...

The influence of salinity on growth and Cu uptake in the green macroalga Ulva reticulata collected from the intertidal area in the Western Indian Ocean was studied under controlled laboratory conditions. Exposure concentrations ranged from 5 to 500 μg Cu l−1 at five salinities (ranging 20–40). The accumulation of Cu increased with decreasing salini...

The oxidation of dimethylsulfide and methanethiol by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) was investigated in Tanzanian mangrove sediments. The rate of dimethylsulfide and methanethiol accumulation in nonamended sediment slurry (control) incubations was very low while in the presence of the inhibitors tungstate and bromoethanesulfonic acid (BES), the ac...

The diversity and abundance of seagrass and associated macrofauna were studied in transects with and without seaweed farms at Chwaka Bay and Jambiani, in the East Coast of Zanzibar. Eight seagrass species, namely Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Thalassia hemprichii,Thalassodendron ciliatum, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halodule uninervis, Ha...