Thomas Klauer

• Helios Hanseklinikum Stralsund

Background and Aims Existing evidence suggests that text message interventions can help people reduce their alcohol consumption. However, studies with alcohol dependent patients are lacking. In this study a 1‐year automatic mobile phone‐based short messaging service (SMS) intervention on alcohol consumption in patients after alcohol detoxification...

Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Studierende mit Spezialisierungspräferenz für eines von 3 nervenheilkundlichen Fächern wurden im Hinblick auf ihre Motivation zum Medizinstudium retrospektiv verglichen. Methodik Mit dem Ziel der Identifikation früher Bedingungen von Spezialisierungspräferenzen wurde eine deutschlandweite Online-Befragung an 9079 Med...

Concepts and results of research into treatment motivation under psychotherapy are discussed with regard to the question whether decisions for indications on the basis of the motivational characteristics of patients are reasonable. Established concepts and broader theories of treatment motivation as well as diagnostic tools for the assessment are p...

Objectives: Although the outbreak of World War II lies some 75 years in the past, suffering still occurs because of its psychosocial sequelae. This article investigates the extent to which the fate of having a relative who was a missing German soldier from World War II influences the emotional state of the bereaved. Methods: On behalf of the resear...

Early traumatic experiences of neglect, physical and sexual abuse in adult patients undergoing inpatient psychotherapeutic treatment were retrospectively assessed. Associations between these three forms of trauma and with patient gender were analyzed. The effects of early traumatization in general, gender and patterns of specific experiences on the...

Qualified personnel in the field of medical psychiatry are crucial to providing comprehensive care. The importance of a nursing internship as an access point to the psychiatric field is not considered by key players. A survey conducted across German medical schools in 2012 analyzed medical care internships as viewed by medical school students. From...

Objectives: Although the outbreak of World War II lies some 75 years in the past, suffering still occurs because of its psychosocial sequelae. This article investigates the extent to which the fate of having a relative who was a missing German soldier from World War II influences the emotional state of the bereaved. Methods: On behalf of the resear...

Background Therapy motivation has been the subject of research since the 1960s. The association between patient expectations and therapy outcome as well as between initial motivation and treatment success were the main interests; however, studies on these aspects showed divergent results. Aim This study aimed at optimization of the subscale structu...

Background: Sexual violence and wartime rapes are prevalent crimes in violent conflicts all over the world. Processes of reconciliation are growing challenges in post-conflict settings. Despite this, so far few studies have examined the psychological consequences and their mediating factors. Our study aimed at investigating the degree of longtime r...

Background In public health settings, short message service (SMS) appears to be a promising low-cost modality for reducing alcohol consumption. Here, we test a simple interactive SMS-based helpline with detoxified alcohol-dependent patients to extend findings to curative settings.Methods This controlled, prospective, 2-group before-after block-assi...

The aim of the study was to compare the long-term effects of conflict-related sexual violence experienced at the end of World War II (WWII) with non-sexual WWII trauma (e.g., being exposed to shell shock or physical violence). A total of 27 elderly wartime rape survivors were compared to age- and gender-matched control subjects who were drawn from...

Objectives: Myofascial trigger points (MTPs) are extremely frequent in the human musculoskeletal system. Despite this, little is known about their etiology. Increased muscular tension in the trigger point area could be a major factor for the development of MTPs. To investigate the impact of muscular tension in the taut band with an MTP and thereby...

To explain the phenomenological overlap between dissociation and schizophrenia, a dissociative subtype of schizophrenia has been proposed as a possibility. Dissociation is often believed to be organized on a continuum, although 2 qualitatively different phenomena can be distinguished in theory, research, and clinical practice: (a) states of separat...

OBJECTIVES: Despite today's extensive research on the psychosocial consequences of World War II, the group of wives and children whose husbands or fathers went "missing in action" during the Second World War, has yet to be studied systematically in Germany. The present review article shows the special role the wives, and in particular the children,...

The aim of the study was to document perceived social support in a sample of German war-raped women in World War II. Furthermore the impact of this potential resource on today's posttraumatic symptoms should be pointed out. 27 women (M = 80.3 years, SD = 3.1 years) answered each a semi-structured interview and several questionnaires. Perceived soci...

Stressbewältigungstraining als zentrales Instrument der individuellen Prävention von stressbedingten Erkrankungen leitet sich aus theoretischen Stresskonzepten ab. Zur Skizzierung der Entwicklung des Stresskonzepts werden reaktions-, situationsorientierte und relationale Thesen sowie Forschungsbefunde vorgestellt. Die kognitiv-transaktionale Stress...

A sample of 74 male bodybuilders was analyzed for relationships between steroid abuse (abuse n=31; no abuse n=43) and self-esteem (Multidimensionale Selbstwertskala MSWS), body-image (Body-Image Questionnaire FK-ASA) as well as teasing (Physical Appearance Related Teasing Scale PARTS). In a logistic regression analysis age (p=0.001), low values for...

Hintergrund: Wahrend der Einfluss von Versohnungsbereitschaft (VB) auf die psychische Gesundheit in den letzten Jahren intensiver Forschungsgegenstand in der paartherapeutischen Forschung geworden ist, gibt es bislang kaum Studien im Kontext von Kriegstraumatisierungen. Methoden: Korrelation von VB (erhoben mit dem readiness to reconcile inventory,...

Dissociation, though understood as a response to trauma, lacks a proven etiology. The assumption of a dose-response relationship between trauma, dissociation and Schneiderian symptoms led to the proposal of a dissociative subtype of schizophrenia characterized by severe child maltreatment, dissociation and psychosis. Child maltreatment and dissocia...

Public stigma and self-stigma are two facets of mental illness stigma. Self-stigma denotes the internalization of negative public perceptions by persons with mental illness and has been shown to decrease general self-efficacy. To date, self-stigma has not been examined in people suffering from alcohol dependence, a particularly severely stigmatized...

The aim of this study was to determine the persistent trauma impact and significant posttraumatic stress symptoms in a sample of very elderly German women who survived the mass rapes committed by soldiers at the end of World War II. A total of 27 women were recruited, interviewed, and then administered a modified Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale. The...

Patients' motivational characteristics are of crucial importance for the effectiveness of inpatient psychotherapy. In the present study of 250 patients from a German psychotherapy ward, 4 dimensions of motivation for psychotherapy (negative illness consequences, psychosocial lay etiology, psychotherapeutic treatment expectations, openness to psycho...

Das „Interview zur Beurteilung psychosozialer Dimensionen der Leistungsfähigkeit“ kann zukünftig ein brauchbares Instrument bei der Begutachtung der Leistungsfähigkeit in unterschiedlichen Kontexten darstellen. Es ist vom Zeitaufwand her sehr praktikabel und ohne größeren Schulungsaufwand anwendbar. Die testtheoretischen Parameter sind gut. Die fak...

This study investigated the interaction between motorcortical excitability (short interval cortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation and long interval cortical inhibition), different requirement conditions [choice reaction test (CRT), attention/go/nogo], and their pharmacological modulation by methylphenidate (MPH) in normal healthy adults (n...

Einleitung und Fragestellung: Die Entwicklung und Evaluation eines Psychoedukativen Trainings fur Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose (PTMS) wird vorgestellt. Das Training umfasst 12 Sitzungen, die jeweils einmal wochentlich durchgefuhrt werden. Vermittelt werden Informationen zur Erkrankung, zum Erkrankungsverlauf und zur Behandlung. Der Schwerpunkt...

The diagnosis of psychiatric or psychosomatic disorders as such does not represent a complete indicator of the work capacity of an individual. Further sociomedical patterns need to be recognised for an expert assessment of capability. As far as we know, no scientifically accepted diagnostic instrument for work-capacity testimonials currently exists...

With the availability of disease-modifying, immunomodulatory therapies (DMT) for multiple sclerosis (MS) and the first long-term studies, it became obvious that problems of compliance to complex treatment regimens under chronic conditions would also apply to these approaches. In a selective overview, problems and findings of adherence research are...

The multiaxial system of operational psychodynamic diagnosis (OPD) is based on five axes covering illness experience and prerequisites for treatment, interpersonal relations, conflict, structure and symptomatology following ICD-10, Chapter V (F). The new version, OPD-2, has developed from a purely diagnostic system into one including a set of tools...

Einleitung und Fragestellung: Die Aufklarung Multiple Skerose betroffener Patienten unterliegt auch in der heutigen Zeit deutlichen Qualitatsunterschieden. Die arztlichen Gesprache reichen von einem kurzen Visitenkontakt bis hin zu mehrstundigen Aufklarungsgesprachen unter Einbezug der MS-Nurse. Vor allem nach der Diagnosestellung erweist sich eine...

Previous investigations using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have shown that neural inhibitory motor circuits are disturbed in ADHD children. We sought to investigate the influence of methylphenidate (MPH) on inhibitory and facilitatory motor circuits of ADHD children with TMS paired pulse protocols using surplus long interval inter-stimul...

Although there is little doubt about a considerable need for psychosocial support in patients with severe neuroimmunological diseases, the theoretical elaboration of stressful illness consequences as well as the development of standardised intervention programs are still in their beginnings. In the present paper, models of coping with chronic illne...

Zusammenfassung. In den meisten Studien irregulärer Entlassungen aus der stationären Psychotherapie wurden soziodemographische und klinische Variablen als Prädiktoren des Behandlungsabbruchs untersucht. Die vorliegende Studie ging der Frage nach, ob Charakteristika der individuellen Behandlungsmotivation (z. B. Leidensdruck; sekundärer Krankheitsge...

The hypothesis that stress might be connected to causation or exacerbation of multiple sclerosis has been under discussion for a long time. The current studies indicate that there is a coincidence between stress and disease progression. Besides the state of art in research different stress models will be introduced in the paper and the relations be...

Motor hyperactivity is one of the most outstanding symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) which might be caused by a disturbed inhibitory motor control. Using focal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) we tested the cortico-callosal inhibition (duration and latency of the ipsilateral Silent Period, iSP) in 23 children with A...

Although pathological dissociation (PD) has received increasing scientific attention in Anglo-American countries, European research on the frequency, clinical and demographic correlates of this discontinuous construct are lacking. An 8-item subscale of the Dissociative Experiences Scale, called the DES-Taxon, was administered to five samples compri...

Einleitung: Manualmedizinische Betrachtungsweisen spielen in der konservativ-orthopädischen und rehabilitativen Medizin eine zunehmende Rolle. Untersuchungen zur Wirksamkeit manualmedizinischer Diagnostik und Therapie in der stationären rehabilitativen Medizin sind selten. In der vorgelegten Studie wurde der Einfluss manualmedizinischer Konzepte au...

Beziehungen zwischen sozialer Untersttzung als informellem Hilfesystem auf der einen und professioneller psychotherapeutischer Hilfe auf der anderen Seite werden dargestellt. Dabei werden zunchst verschiedene Definitions- und Bedeutungsvarianten sozialer Untersttzung skizziert. Daraus werden gemeinsame Aspekte informeller und professioneller Hilfe...

Although there is little doubt about a considerable need for psychosocial support in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), the theoretical elaboration of stressful illness consequences as well as the development of standardized intervention programs are still in their beginnings. In the present paper, models of coping with chronic illness are char...

This paper, summarizing the activities of the research task force of the German College of Psychosomatic Medicine (DKPM), reviews how research in psychosomatic medicine, medical psychology and psychotherapy has been funded by different institutions. The review reveals that psychosocial research has received considerable grants especially by the Ger...

In dem Beitrag, der Aktivitäten der Forschungskommission des Deutschen Kollegiums für Psychosomatische Medizin (DKPM) zusammenfasst, wird untersucht, in welchen Bereichen und durch welche Institutionen Forschungsprojekte auf den Gebieten der Psychosomatischen Medizin, Medizinischen Psychologie und Psychotherapie in den vergangenen Jahren vorrangig...

Obwohl ein erheblicher psychosozialer Versorgungsbedarf bei Patienten mit multipler Sklerose (MS) unstrittig ist, stehen die theoretische Aufarbeitung belastender Aspekte des Krankheitsverlaufs wie die Entwicklung standardisierter Interventionsmaßnahmen nach wie vor am Beginn. In vorliegendem Beitrag werden Konzepte und Modelle der Krankheitsbewält...

At present, the most efficient therapeutical treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) is achieved by IFN-beta. However, its in vivo effects remain incompletely understood. If applied parenterally, the hydrophobic IFN-beta acts primarily on blood cells with probable selectivity for functionally different lymphocyte subpopulations, monocytes and granuloc...

Considering that epidemiological research on dissociative disorders has suggested a 9 to 1 predominance of female cases, this study investigated the relationship between gender and dissociation using a dimensional approach. A total of 2,153 participants from different diagnostic groups completed the Dissociative Experience Scale. In order to contro...

It is proposed that attempts to examine supportive interactions within stressful situations are insufficiently valid unless' support providers' and recipients' reports are considered simultaneously. Accordingly, an inventory was developed to retrospectively assess support as well as mobilization behaviors in a specific stressful episode from both p...

Zusammenfassung. Unterstutzende Interaktionen in Belastungssituationen konnen nur dann valide abgebildet werden, wenn auch die verwendeten Mesinstrumente auf interpersonaler Ebene verankert sind. Berichtet wird uber die Entwicklung eines Inventars zur Erfassung von Mobilisierungs- und Unterstutzungsverhalten in einer konkreten Belastungsepisode aus...

In a selective survey, results on psychometric properties and aspects of application of the axis I, "illness experience and treatment preconditions" of the Operational Psychodynamic Diagnoses (OPD) are described. Following remarks on the role of defense and coping theories in the conceptualisation of the axis, its structure and contents are outline...

Die unter Umständen vielfältigen funktionalen und psychosozialen Beeinträchtigungen durch eine Multiple-Sklerose-(MS-)Erkrankung (z.B. sensorisch-taktile und motorische Beeinträchtigungen, Verlust von Blasen- und Darmfunktionen, Einbußen in der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit) überfordern die Anpassungsfähigkeit der Patienten häufig und können zu ver...

In legal proceedings of the Welfare Tribunals the applicants for pensions often have a long medical history. After frequent periods of unemployment and of occupational disability receiving a pension appears to them as the only alternative. The study compares their somatic, psychopathologic and psychosocial complaints with those of inpatients of psy...

Psychological and psychosomatic symptoms, interpersonal problems, and self-concept attributes as well as changes following surgical treatment were investigated in adults with evident strabismus. From a theoretical point of view, a stress-relief hypothesis assuming reduced adaptational status and proadaptive changes after squint surgery is different...

Psychische und psychosomatische Symptome, interpersonale Probleme und Selbstkonzeptmerkmale sowie ihre Veränderung nach chirurgischer Korrektur werden bei erwachsenen Patienten mit evidentem Strabismus untersucht. Aus theoretischer Sicht werden zunächst eine Stress-Entlastungs-Hypothese, die einen ungünstigen präoperativen Adaptationszustand und pr...

The motivational characteristics of psychotherapy inpatients should be of crucial importance for treatment effectiveness. In the present study on 219 patients from two psychosomatic-psychotherapeutic treatment centers, four dimensions of motivation for psychotherapy (illness experience; lay etiology; treatment expectations; openness to psychotherap...

Motivationale Patientenmerkmale sind wahrscheinlich für den Erfolg psychotherapeutischer Maßnahmen von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden bei 219 Patienten aus 2 stationären psychosomatisch-psychotherapeutischen Behandlungseinrichtungen 4 Dimensionen der Psychotherapiemotivation (Krankheitserleben, Laienätiologie, Behand...

Temporal comparison theory is used as a conceptual framework for studying coping with life-threatening illness. Propositions derived from this theory were investigated in a questionnaire study on cancer patients (N = 100). Results reveal high rates of perceived change in the majority of the life domains included in the study, suggesting that consis...

Perceptions of life change following threatening health-related life events were investigated in a questionnaire study on cancer patients who were compared to samples of patients with coronary heart disease after myocardial infarction and of relatives of cancer patients (N=185). In addition to sociodemographic and illness-related factors, subjectiv...

The effects of short-term social support on cortisol levels and subjective responses to acute psychological stress were investigated in healthy adults (total N = 66). In anticipation of a public-speaking task in front of an audience, subjects received either no social support ("no support") or social support from an opposite-sex stranger ("stranger...

This paper studies the interrelationships between the coping behaviours of cancer patients and perceived amount and adequacy of family support, as well as the issue of how these predict psychosocial adjustment to cancer. Based on questionnaire data from a sample of 169 patients with cancers of various sites, three questions were considered in detai...

The hypothesis that individual coping efforts affect subjective well-being in the face of severe chronic disease is examined with questionnaire data from N=332 cancer patients in a one-year longitudinal study. After depicting conceptual and methodological requirements for the analysis of coping effectiveness, the following five coping modes were in...

Describes application of a method for evaluating coping questionnaires in terms of the extent to which they assess individual differences and in terms of their sensitivity to situational variables in coping behavior. An analysis is presented of data from 202 male and female West German cancer patients (mean age 51 yrs) who completed the Fragebogen...

In dem vorliegenden Beitrag sollen die grundlegenden Fragestellungen und Zielsetzungen des Forschungsprojektes „Elemente subjektiver Krankheitstheorien“ (Filipp et al. 1987) beschrieben werden. Dieses Forschungsprojekt zielt ab auf eine systematische und umfassende Beschreibung und Analyse subjektiver Krankheitstheorien im Umfeld von Krebserkrankun...

From a larger longitudinal study on coping with cancer, findings related to the description and effectiveness of coping modes are reported. Within a sample of 332 cancer patients, five modes of coping were detected. Starting from a depiction of conceptual and methodological prerequisites for the analysis of coping effects, empirical analyses are re...

From a larger longitudinal study with cancer patients of various diagnostic groups first results on relations between demographic, medical, illness perception and coping variables on one hand and selected affective-motivational indices of adaptation on the other are reported. According to these findings, the sociodemographic and medical variables u...

Zu den weit verbreiteten und gleichzeitig tiefgreifendsten kritischen Lebensereignissen des Erwachsenenalters gehört es, von einer schweren körperlichen Erkrankung wie Krebs, Herzinfarkt oder Multiple Sklerose betroffen zu sein. Erhebliche psychosoziale und emotionale Probleme sind im Verlauf solcher Erkrankungen eher die Regel als die Ausnahme, we...

address the question of how self-focused attention (or self-consciousness) interferes with the coping process in patients suffering from a malignant disease report results from a large study with cancer patients [aged 15–77 years old] which suggest (1) that private self-consciousness mediates the activation of coping efforts and (2) that relation...