Thomas Goetz

University of Vienna | UniWien · Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology

Performance assessments play an essential role in performance diagnostics at schools. In practice, both announced and unannounced assessments are regularly used. However, it is unclear whether assessments are better administered announced or unannounced. From a theoretical perspective, it can be argued that announced assessments, mediated by the gr...

Inclusive education is a teaching approach aimed at educating all students in general classrooms independent of diversity features such as special educational needs, giftedness, or migration. To successfully implement inclusive education, teachers need to be equipped with positive beliefs towards inclusive education (e.g., attitude, self-efficacy),...

Background: This study investigated the role of different test anxiety components (affective, cognitive, motivational and physiological) as mediators between control and performance as proposed by Pekrun's control-value theory (CVT). While all components were assessed via self-report, the physiological component was additionally assessed via elect...

Abschließende Zusammenfassung des Kapitels: Der Übergang vom Primar- in den Sekundarschulbereich beinhaltet eine Vielzahl an Veränderungen für Schüler*innen, die für deren kognitive, emotional-motivationale und soziale Entwicklung von zentraler Bedeutung sind. Hierzu gehören veränderte Schul- und Unterrichtsstrukturen (z.B. Fachlehrkraftsprinzip),...

Motivational interactions during multiple language learning have been largely neglected in language motivation research. To fill this gap, we investigate longitudinal relations between Swiss German students’ value beliefs in English, French, and German in upper secondary schools and whether there are differences in motivational development between...

Zusammenfassung In dieser Längsschnittstudie wurden unterschiedliche Verläufe in der Entwicklung der intrinsischen Wertüberzeugungen in den Unterrichtsfächern Mathematik und Französisch in den Schuljahren 9 bis 11 und deren Zusammenhänge mit Berufsaspirationen untersucht. Bei 850 Schüler*innen von Deutschschweizer Gymnasien (54 % weiblich, Alter T1...

Based on control-value theory, we expected reciprocal associations between school grades and students' achievement emotions. Existing research has employed between-person designs to examine links between grades and emotions, but has failed to analyze their within-person relations. Reanalyzing data used by Authors (2017) for between-person analysis,...

Both self-regulation and external regulation are key to understanding adolescents’ learning and positive development at school. However, evidence on the joint development of self-regulated learning and externally related learning during adolescence is largely lacking. The present multi-level longitudinal analysis (N = 1,542 German adolescents; annu...

Bildung, ihre Einflussfaktoren und Folgen sind häufig Gegenstand wissenschaftlicher, politischer und medialer Diskurse. Ihre Sicherung stellt eine der zentralen Aufgaben der Gesellschaft dar. Die Bildungspsychologie beschäftigt sich aus psychologischer Perspektive mit Bildungsprozessen über die gesamte Lebensspanne sowie mit den Bedingungen und Maß...

Relationship quality and emotional experience are both important constructs in learning environments but the question of how they are linked requires more attention in empirical research. We hypothesized reciprocal associations between student-teacher relationship quality (i.e., interpersonal closeness) and students' emotions in the classroom (i.e....

This study focused on students’ perceived challenge, its direct links to career aspirations along with indirect links to career aspirations via boredom. We extended previous findings by differentiating state and trait assessments of challenge and boredom and by investigating within- and between-person relations. We hypothesized overchallenge to go...

This little book gives short and concise insights into the central areas of activities of professors from the perspective of a university professor who has worked in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, and Canada. Many of the aspects emphasized will, however, be relevant and helpful for those who work in countries other than that, especially for those w...

In kurzer und prägnanter Form wird in diesem kleinen Buch aus der Sicht eines Universitätsprofessors auf zentrale Tätigkeitsbereiche von Professor*innen eingegangen. Es werden Tipps zum konkreten Handeln in den einzelnen Bereichen gegeben – manchmal durchaus mit einem Augenzwinkern. Dieses Buch wurde für mehrere Zielgruppen geschrieben, für die es...

Following Pekrun’s (2006) control-value theory of achievement emotions, we investigated carry-over effects and cross-lagged relationships between student-perceived teacher enthusiasm and humor and students’ enjoyment and boredom both within and between university lectures. We used a latent state-trait approach to acknowledge the role of situational...

The Achievement Emotions Questionnaire (AEQ) is a well-established instrument for measuring achievement emotions in educational research and beyond. Its popularity rests on the coverage of the component structure of various achievement emotions across different academic settings. However, this broad conceptual scope requires the administration of 6...

Frühere Forschung hat gezeigt, dass die Aktivierung negativer Stereotype leistungseinschränkende Effekte für betroffene Gruppenmitglieder haben kann (sogenannter Stereotype Threat-Effekt). Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird zunächst ein Überblick über diese Forschung gegeben, bei dem immer wieder Bezug auf die besondere Situation ethnischer Minderheiten...

Tests in educational contexts often start with easy tasks, assuming that this fosters positive experiences—a sense of control, higher valuing of the test, and more positive and less negative emotions. Although intuitive and widespread, this assumption lacks an empirical basis and a theoretical framework. We conducted a field experiment and randomly...

Accumulating evidence suggests that anger can have a strong impact on discrete trust behaviors. However, the mechanisms underlying how anger influences trust are still unclear. Based on the appraisal tendency framework, we hypothesized that perceived social distance would positively mediate the effect of anger on trust, and that gender would modera...

This paper explored links among three key constructs pertinent to student learning: performance feedback received, emotions elicited as a result of such feedback, and student performance on a writing task. A sample of 464 university students (age: M =18.91, SD = 2.51) were asked to write an essay and then were encouraged to revise it based on feedb...

Existing research shows consistent links between boredom and depression, somatic complaints, substance abuse, or obesity and eating disorders. However, comparatively little is known about potential psychological and physical health-related correlates of academic boredom. Evidence for such a relationship can be derived from the literature, as boredo...

Test anxiety is a widespread and mostly detrimental emotion in learning and achievement settings. Thus, it is a construct of high interest for researchers and its measurement is an important issue. So far, test anxiety has typically been assessed using self-report measures. However, physiological measures (e.g., heart rate or skin conductance level...

Existing research shows consistent links between boredom and depression, somatic complaints, substance abuse, or obesity and eating disorders. However, comparatively little is known about potential psychological and physical health-related correlates of academic boredom. Evidence for such a relationship can be derived from literature, as boredom ha...

Relationship quality and emotional experience are both important constructs in learning environments but the question of how they are linked requires more attention in empirical research. We hypothesized reciprocal associations between student-teacher relationship quality (i.e., interpersonal closeness) and students' emotions in the classroom (i.e....

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, millions of students in China followed an emergency policy called "Suspending Classes without Stopping Learning" to continue their study online as schools across the country were closed. The present study examines how students adapted to learning online in these unprecedented circumstances. We aimed to explore...

Accumulating empirical evidence suggests that anger elicited in one situation can influence trust behaviors in another situation. However, the conditions under which anger influences trust are still unclear. The present study addresses this research gap and examines the ways in which anger influences trust. We hypothesized that the social distance...

The Achievement Emotions Questionnaire (AEQ) is a well-established instrument for measuring achievement emotions in educational research and beyond. Its popularity rests on the coverage of the component structure of various achievement emotions across different academic settings. However, this broad conceptual scope requires the administration of 6...

Background and Objectives: Although anxiety consists of multiple components, including cognitive, affective, motivational, and physiological, and some findings suggest that there might be differences regarding their control antecedents and effects on performance, previous studies have largely neglected to examine these components separately and for...

Existing research shows that high achievement boredom is correlated with a range of undesirable behavioral and personality variables and that the main antecedents of boredom are being over-or under-challenged. However, merely knowing that students are highly bored, without taking their achievement level into account, might be insufficient for drawi...

Dieses Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit Emotionen im Lern- und Leistungskontext. Fragen Sie sich doch einmal selbst – wie fühlen Sie sich, während Sie die Inhalte dieses Lehrbuchs durcharbeiten? Macht Ihnen diese Aufgabe Spaß? Ärgern Sie sich dabei? Und der Gedanke daran, dass Ihre Lernergebnisse überprüft werden: Jagt er Ihnen einen Schauer über den R...

Interpersonal aspects of teaching have repeatedly been linked to teacher emotions and well-being on a general level. However, it is unclear how teachers’ moment-to-moment interpersonal behavior is associated with their affective arousal during teaching and how this contributes to their lesson-focused emotional outcomes. Eighty secondary education t...

This study examined temporal interrelations among math self-concept and math self-efficacy and their differential relations to two commonly applied math achievement indicators, that is, math achievement test scores and school grades in math. It based on a longitudinal design with four annual assessments of self-concept, self-efficacy, school grades...

Existing research shows that high scholastic boredom is correlated with a range of undesirable behaviors and personality traits and that the main antecedents of boredom are being over- or under-challenged. No study to date, though, seems to have systematically compared students who are highly bored and low-achieving (thus, likely over-challenged) w...

This study tests whether teachers’ emotional labor in classroom settings is optimally conceptualized according to the type of emotional labor strategy involved (genuinely expressing, hiding, and faking emotions), the specific type of emotion being performed in class (e.g., enjoyment vs. pride vs. anxiety), or both strategy type and emotion type. Mu...

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Expectancy-value theory (EVT) is a popular framework to understand and improve students' motivation. Unfortunately, limited research has verified whether EVT predictions generalize to students with low levels of cognitive ability. This study relies on Grade 5 and 8 data from 177 students with low levels of cognitive ability and a matched sample of...

In line with assumptions made by the control-value theory of academic emotions, it was hypothesized that the association between the classroom social environment, in terms of students’ perceptions of their teachers’ interpersonal behaviour, and students’ academic emotions was partially mediated by students’ achievement goals. The present study appl...

Lay Description What is already known about this topic Multiple‐text comprehension requires readers to construct both an intertext model and an integrated mental model. The process of reading various texts on the same topic can be traced by physiological and behavioural data. Skin conductance level is an index of physiological arousal. First‐ and s...

Are instructional characteristics antecedents for experienced students' emotions during a lecture? Results of an experience sampling study at three universities in Germany.

Langeweile wird aufgrund ihres häufigen Auftretens oft als «Plage der modernen Gesellschaft» bezeichnet. Auch in Lern- und Leistungssituationen, auf die sich dieser Beitrag konzentriert, zählt Langeweile zu den am häufigsten berichteten Emotionen. Zunächst wird auf die Definition und Operationalisierung von Langeweile eingegangen – hierbei werden a...

The Cambridge Handbook of Motivation and Learning - by K. Ann Renninger February 2019

A theoretical model linking achievement and emotions is proposed. The model posits that individual achievement promotes positive achievement emotions and reduces negative achievement emotions. In contrast, group-level achievement is thought to reduce individuals' positive emotions and increase their negative emotions. The model was tested using one...

Der Begriff „lebenslanges Lernen“ ist bereits seit geraumer Zeit ein fester Bestandteil bildungspolitischer Diskussionen (z. B. Ananiadoun & Claro 2009; OECD 2016). In der heutigen Gesellschaft ist es mittlerweile unvorstellbar geworden, mit dem Abschluss von Schule und Ausbildung auch das „Lernen“ abzuschließen. So fordert die schnelle Entwicklung...

As education experiences are increasingly mediated by technology, the present research explored how causal attributions for academic computing difficulties impacted emotions and achievement in two studies conducted with post-secondary students in North America and Germany. Study 1 (N = 1063) found ability attributions for computer problems to be em...

The current study investigated links between students’ level of perceived challenge (being over- or underchallenged) and students’ career aspirations. We hypothesized indirect effects of over- and underchallenge on career aspirations via academic self-concept and academic trait boredom and tested our hypotheses in a sample of N = 662 Swiss eleventh...

Positive emotions have been shown to benefit from optimistic perceptions, even if these perceptions are illusory (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000). The current research investigated the effects of increases and decreases in illusory control on positive and negative emotions. In two studies we experimentally induced changes in illusory perceptions...

This study aimed to investigate psychophysiological responses while reading multiple webpages on a debated topic. We measured heart rate (HR) as an index of emotional arousal and heart rate variability (HRV) as an index of emotional regulation. Forty-seven lower secondary school students in grade 7 read four webpages varying for reliability and pos...

As technology becomes increasingly integrated with education, research on the relationships between students’ computing-related emotions and motivation following technological difficulties is critical to improving learning experiences. Following from Weiner’s (2010) attribution theory of achievement motivation, the present research examined relatio...

Zipped folder file containing SPSS datasets for all studies. (ZIP)

Was ist psychologische Bildungsforschung und welche Beiträge liefert sie für ein Verständnis von individueller Bildung und institutionellem Bildungswesen? In diesem Beitrag wird dargestellt, dass es sich bei der Psychologie um eine zentrale Grundlagenwissenschaft der Bildungsforschung handelt. Einleitend wird der Begriff der psychologischen Bildung...

Enjoyment is one of the most relevant and frequently experienced discrete emotions for both teachers and students in classroom learning contexts. Based on theories of emotion transmission between interaction partners, we propose a reciprocal effects model linking teachers’ and students’ enjoyment in class. The model suggests that there are positive...

The present longitudinal study examined the reliability of self-reported academic grades across three phases in four subject domains for a sample of 916 high-school students. Self-reported grades were found to be highly positively correlated with actual grades in all academic subjects and across grades 9 to 11 underscoring the reliability of self-r...

Data used in the present study. (SAV)

This study highlights the importance of teachers in relation to the emotions students experience in class. First, in line with the work of Kenny, we argue that the specific relationship that evolves between teachers and students drives students' emotional experiences. We decompose variability in student emotions not only into the commonly investiga...

For more than a decade, there has been growing interest in the role of emotions in academic settings. Written by leading experts on learning and instruction, Emotions at School focuses on the connections between educational research and emotion science, bringing the subject to a wider audience. With chapters on how emotions develop and work, eviden...

The present study investigated individual and social antecedents of test anxiety. Based on Pekrun's (2006) control-value theory of achievement emotions, we studied the relationship of students’ test anxiety with students’ control and value cognitions, the interaction of control and value cognitions, and parent-reported family valuing of mathematics...

This study examined the short- and long-term effects of self-enhancement (i.e., overreporting of academic grades) on academic self-concept and academic achievement. A total of 916, 719, and 647 students participated in the first, second, and third waves of assessment, respectively (mean age at T1 = 15.6 years). At each assessment, students reported...

Various theoretical approaches propose that emotions in the classroom are elicited by appraisal antecedents, with subjective experiences of control playing a crucial role in this context. Perceptions of control, in turn, are expected to be influenced by the classroom social environment, which can include the teaching methods being employed (e.g., d...

Background: Prior research has shown teachers' goal orientations to influence classroom goal structures (Retelsdorf et al., 2010, Learning and Instruction, 20, 30) and to also impact their emotions (Schutz et al., 2007, Emotion in education, Academic Press, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). However, empirical research evaluating possible causal orderin...

The present research investigated a common yet to date unexamined assumption that individuals are unlikely to savor success when they have not yet fully completed a task. In Study 1 (N = 83), we assessed savoring responses of soccer players who were either winning or were tied at the end of the first half (in progress) and at the end of the match (...